Alexandria, Egypt is the second largest city in the Roman Empire and the center of culture and knowledge. The city is named after the great Alexander, and its philosophy, religion and national cultural traditions converge to form its cosmopolitan color. Platonism, a philosophical thought at that time, deeply influenced the Christian thought in this city. In particular, he attached great importance to the combination of Christian thought and contemporary scholarship, and was indeed the first person to establish a close relationship between philosophy and theology. Hundreds of miles away in Carthage, North Africa, there is also a completely different Christian thought and lifestyle. Carthage is located in Rome on the other side of the Mediterranean, and has frequent commercial and cultural exchanges with the Roman Empire. Carthage has a rich tradition of law, public morality and business. But for Tertullianus, mature Christians, in addition to the Bible, the teachings of the apostles and the church's code of faith; The comparison is in the practical and legal aspects of church life.
Tertullianus thinks that philosophy has nothing to do with theology, and theology should not be influenced by Greek philosophy. His famous saying is:
"Athens and Jerusalem?
What is the relationship between the college and the church?
What is the relationship between pagans and Christians? "
Tertullianus's traditionalism replaced the creationism of Greek theology, paving the way for the theory of inherent original sin, which is different from natural evil. Tertullianus has a famous saying: "The transmission of soul includes the transmission of sin." He combined communication theory with realism. According to him, God created everyone with body and soul. In this process, human nature has not lost its special nature, but continues to have a wise, rational and willing heart, so his activities are still rational and responsible, and the sin in the original personal nature is still sin.
Tertullianus can only represent the primary stage of Latin theology, and his speech still bears the color of Greek godfather's lesson. He talked about the innocence of the baby, but perhaps he guessed that it was only in a relevant sense, because the baby did not actually commit a crime; He does not deny free will. Although he minimizes the effectiveness of human beings, sometimes the words he uses have the meaning of "cooperative rebirth theory", which means that God and human beings are cooperative in rebirth. Tertullianus's refutation of Patricia's thesis is extremely important, because he has created many new words, so that these nouns have become the standard vocabulary of western churches and universally accepted doctrines. Tertullianus strongly opposes the use of resources other than the Bible to establish theology or defend Christianity. The classic of Christianity is the New Testament. He quoted the New Testament 1800 in his works, and in the form of Greek philosophy and Roman debate, he passively opposed the heresy at that time and "defended the doctrine", actively defended the church's doctrine and expressed his beliefs.