Let’s talk about Guanzhi first. Guanzhi is a very complimentary word. You can stop when you see this. There is a familiar idiom called "Guanzhi". Xu Xiake once said, "If you climb Mount Huangshan, there are no mountains in the world, and you will stop looking at it." He also said a similar but more familiar saying, "When you return from the Five Mountains, you don't see the mountains, and when you return from Huangshan, you don't see the mountains." This means that this is the best selection for you. , no need to look at anything else. According to the naming rules of the digital circle, "Guwen Guanzhi" can be translated into "Selected Collection of Ancient Prose PRO PLUS". The editors of this book are two private school teachers during the Kangxi period. The fact that they dared to name this shows their confidence in the book. Facts have also proved that the book can bear the words "Guan Zhi". It's almost enough to study ancient poetry and articles, and read "Tang Poetry", "Song Poems" and "Guwen Guanzhi".

This book contains 222 articles. Taking the era as the classic and the author as the dimension, they are first divided and arranged according to the chronological order of the dynasty, and those in the same dynasty are arranged according to the author, from Pre-Qin to In the late Ming Dynasty, the book begins with 34 chapters selected from "Zuo Zhuan". "Zuo Zhuan" is said to have been written by Zuo Qiuming in the late Spring and Autumn Period to explain Confucius' "Spring and Autumn Annals". Sima Qian said "Zhongniee wrote the Spring and Autumn Annals". Confucius was frustrated in his later years and left this cultural masterpiece to the Chinese nation in anger. Spring and Autumn is very short, it is like a memorandum of history, which is full of current affairs news that "the fewer words, the bigger things will happen". "Spring and Autumn" contains subtle but profound meanings. Without annotations, it would be impossible to understand. The books that annotated "Spring and Autumn" are the three biographies of Spring and Autumn - "Zuo Zhuan", "Gongyang Zhuan" and "Gu Liang Zhuan", which were re-edited by the Han Dynasty. tidy. Although many people cannot understand these annotations, so "Gu Wen Guan Zhi" made annotations on the basis of "Zuo Zhuan"'s annotations on "Spring and Autumn". I also based on the annotations of "Gu Wen Guan Zhi" Writing these things helps to understand. What I write is definitely not rigorous and rough, but it is better than nothing. Knowing a small deviation is better than not knowing anything at all, and there is no unified standard for articles. Although "Zuo Zhuan" is not as close to the original intention of Confucius as "Gongyang Zhuan" and "Gu Liang Zhuan", it has more historical value and does not lack literary value. It likes to describe wars, so some people call it "Xiangqiao Shu" . Mr. Qian Mu once said in the fourth lecture of "Pre-Qin Academic Thought", "If we really want to understand ancient Chinese culture first, I advise you to read a "Zuo Zhuan", which is always beneficial."

The first chapter of "Guanwen Guanzhi" - "Zheng Bo Duan Yu Yan". The original text is rather obscure, so I won’t post it here. I wanted to look it up myself, so I translated it into a short story myself.

Wu Jiang, the wife of Zheng Wu Gong, gave birth to two sons. Because the eldest son Zheng Zhuang Gong was born with dystocia, Wu Jiang favored the younger son, Uncle Duan, and wanted the younger son to be the prince. But this was inconsistent with the eldest son inheritance system, so Zheng Wugong disagreed. The eldest son succeeded to the throne and became Duke Zhuang of Zheng when he was fifteen. His mother wanted him to enfeoff his younger brother to Zhiyi (Hulao Pass during the Three Kingdoms, a key military point). Duke Zhuang said that this place was too dangerous and unsafe, and that no other place could be used. select. Duke Zhuang promised his mother to entrust his younger brother to the capital.

Jingyi is the old capital of Zheng State. It is large in area and has relatively long city walls. Duke Zhuang’s ministers said that this place, as his younger brother’s fiefdom, does not comply with the rules and etiquette. There may be hidden dangers in the future. Duke Zhuang He replied that this was forced by his mother and there was nothing he could do. The ministers said that Wu Jiang was greedy and suggested that he deal with it as soon as possible to avoid future troubles. Zhuang Gong uttered this famous saying that has been passed down through the ages: "If you do too much injustice, you will die yourself. I will treat you like a child." The younger brother asked the surrounding people to betray Duke Zhuang and obey his orders. Duke Zhuang's uncle, Prince Lu, told Duke Zhuang that the country could not have two monarchs, so he asked Duke Zhuang to get rid of his younger brother. Duke Zhuang comforted his uncle and said that his younger brother would suffer the consequences, so he should coddle him first. The younger brother expanded his fiefdom without authorization and captured more territory. Young Master Lu suggested that we should take action now, as his younger brother has gone too far. Duke Zhuang said that such unjust people would fall sooner or later even if their power expanded. Duke Zhuang chose to continue to be patient and wait for the opportunity. The younger brother built the city wall, recruited troops and horses, and asked his mother to be an internal agent, planning to sneak attack on his elder brother Zhuang Gong. Zhuang Gong knew the news and thought that the time after waiting for twenty-two years had come to attack his younger brother openly. He ordered his uncle, Prince Lu, to lead his troops to attack his younger brother in Jingyi. The people in Jingyi betrayed his younger brother and fled in all directions. The younger brother fled to In Yancheng, Duke Zhuang went to Yancheng to attack him again. The younger brother fled to Japan again.

Confucius only recorded in "Spring and Autumn" that "Zheng Bo Duan Yu Yan", which means that Uncle Duan of *** did not abide by the duty of being a younger brother, so he was not said to be the younger brother of Duke Zhuang; brother The two were fighting like two monarchs, so they used the word "Ke"; calling Duke Zhuang "Uncle Zheng" was a mockery of his lack of education towards his younger brother.

Duke Zhuang placed his mother in Yingcheng and swore not to see her until she was in hell. But he soon regretted it. What he regretted at the same time was that if he let the people know that he hated his biological mother so much and violated his filial piety, he would lose the support of the people. A minor official named Uncle Yingkao asked to see Duke Zhuang of Zheng, and Duke Zhuang gave him rice. Uncle Yingkao kept the meat when he was eating. Duke Zhuang asked why he didn't eat it. Uncle Yingkao replied: "A villain has a mother. I want to keep the good things given by the king to honor my mother." Zhuang Gong understood what he meant, and began to cooperate with the performance, saying that he also wanted to have a mother to honor him, and told Uncle Yingkao about his regrets and thoughts. Uncle Yingkao said that if you dig a tunnel and find yellow spring water, and meet each other in the tunnel, you will not break your oath.

Zhuang Gong met his mother in the tunnel he dug and wrote a poem, "In the big tunnel, the joy is also harmonious!", which is the origin of the idiom "The joy is harmonious". The mother and son recovered as before, but they were at odds with each other at first. Duke Zhuang needs to play the role of a filial son to maintain his image, and the mother needs to play the role of a loving mother to enjoy her old age.

This article begins with the word "chu" and ends with the word "chu". On the premise of strictly describing the historical facts, it promotes the great meaning of the etiquette of monarchs and ministers, and is also very sophisticated in language and writing. The incident of Zheng Beke and Duan Yuyan was also the beginning of the collapse of rituals and music in the Spring and Autumn Period, ushering in a great era of hundreds of years of war, strife, and contention of a hundred schools of thought. The pursuit of "writing to convey the Tao" in writing articles, "Guwen Guanzhi" uses this standard to collect articles with good connotation and good words and sentences, and uses this to start the chapter and clarify the ambition.