book
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[Name]
(1) Books, binding works
A book is a book containing books. -"Zheng Zitong"
Both Shenzi and Zi Han have written books. -"Historical Records and Biographies of Han Fei"
Why study and then study? -"Advanced Analects of Confucius"
Book, five classics and six books, the total name. -"Historical Records and the Book of Rites" Li Yin
Huang borrowed a book. In the book given by the owner. -Qing Yuanmei's "Huang Sheng Borrowing Books"
If the family is poor, it is impossible to study, and it is borrowed from the bookstore every time. -Song Ming Lian's Preface to Dongyang
(2) Another example: history books (history books); Books (pictures and books. Generally refers to books); Booksellers (vendors selling books and stationery); Scholarly family (a family that has been studying for generations); Scholarly family (see well-informed family style); The schoolbag has turned over (referring to the poor scholar's prosperity); Book riddle (a riddle composed of words in a book); Book handkerchief (gift money. In the Ming dynasty, officialdom used to use books and handkerchiefs as gifts, called book handkerchief); Book sword (book and sword. What ancient literati carried with them. Later also refers to the literati career); Books (small book boxes); Book instrument (gift money given under the guise of buying books); Book rot (bookworm) refers to pedantic literati); Book heart (the most wonderful chapter of a book); Book robbery (book disaster); Book club (a society jointly organized by drama writers and speakers in Song and Yuan Dynasties); Bookworm (bookworm); Book city (books are listed as cities with many words); Book brain (the part where holes are punched and threaded in book binding); Bookstore (place where books are collected); Book catalogue (book catalogue); Schoolbag (bag for books)
(3) Letters, letters
The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold. -Du Fu's Hope for Spring
One man attached a book, and two men died. -Tang Du Fu's "Stone Trench"
All the people read the book that the water step is 800 thousand, but they are afraid, and they no longer expect it to be true or false. It is meaningless to hold this discussion again. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword"
(4) Another example: book introduction (messenger who delivers letters); The end of the book (letter, the end of the letter); Book display (also known as "book flow"). Letters to superiors or elders); Calligraphy (letter); Book office (official in charge of documents); Master Shu Qi (a screen friend who manages documents); Bookkeeper (small official in charge of documents); Book ruler (letter); Book elements (letters); Book tube (ancient tube for letters) also refers to letters); Book title (referring to letters); Book cover (letter)
(5) the memorial; File, file
There will be a reward for those who admonish me by letter. -"The Warring States Policy and Qi Ce"
Teacher Chen played something, but it was written in the book he submitted. -Liang Qingqichao's Biography of Tan Sitong
The art of war consists of twelve volumes, which contain the names of lords. -Mulan Poetry, a Collection of Yuefu Poems
(6) Another example is the certificate; Letter of guarantee; Description; Books can (official documents, calligraphy approval); Books (documents); Books (documents); Bookstore (warehouse for collecting documents and pictures); Library assistant (assistant who sponsors documents); Book office (official in charge of documents)
(7) Fonts and glyphs. For example, the book is empty (draw a glyph in the air with your finger)
(8) Calligraphy
Please love words from relatives, play music and read books to eliminate worries. -Tao Jin Yuanming's "Gui Xi Ci"
Reading costs more paper than drinking. -Ouyang Xiu's "Learning Book Fee Paper"
(9) Another example: regular script; Official script; Book quality evaluation (judging the merits of calligraphy and articles); Book sage (refers to the calligrapher with the highest attainments); The meaning of the book (the essence of calligraphy); Books (books that comment on the merits and demerits of calligraphy; Style attainments of calligraphy); Calligraphy style (calligraphy style)
(10) Abbreviation of Shangshu
Isn't the book a cloud? "Ask and answer." -Qing Liu Kay "Ask and Say"
"Book" said: "Full loss, modest profit." -Song Ouyang Xiu's "The History of the New Five Dynasties, Biography of Lingguan, Preface"
Pang Guojuan came under the tree at night and saw the white book. -"Historical Records, Sun Tzu's Art of War and Biography of Wuqi"
When my wife comes back, she will go to the porch and ask me about the past or learn from me. -Ming Gui Youguang's Ji Xiang Proclamation
(1 1) text
On a board in your arms, there are several lines of books on it. -Li He felt ironic.
(12) Another example is book theory (i.e. arts and sciences. The meaning and context of phrasing); A scribe (a person engaged in writing and clerical work); Book traces (referring to the characters and car traces used by China); Book Plan (Writing and Computing)
(13) refers to "Six Books", that is, China's ancient theory of word analysis.
In ten years, I went abroad to study, lived abroad, studied books and learned tricks. -Book of Rites. Sun Xidan's explanation: Books and strategies are the learning of six arts, six books and nine numbers.
(14) Letters from ancient emperors
Nowadays, there are a large number of people in one county and one country, which is king for those who have no answers. -"Han Shu"
(15) storytelling is a kind of folk art. Such as: booking accommodation; Listen to professional storytellers telling stories.
(16) Stylistic name. In the pre-Qin period, "book" was a general term for letters, and letters sent by courtiers to the monarch and relatives and friends were all called "books". Such as Yan Bao Shu, Jian Ke Shu, Zhang Bao Shu, Zhu Bao Shu, Lady Shu and so on.
Reading little knowledge
Have little knowledge of reading
From 65438 to 0995, the International Publishers Association put forward the idea of "World Reading Day" at the 25th Global Congress, and Spain submitted the plan to UNESCO. Later, Russia thought that "World Reading Day" should also add the concept of copyright. Therefore,1The 28th General Conference of UNESCO1995-16 held on 25th October passed a resolution to officially designate 23rd April as World Book and Copyright Day. This day is also the anniversary of the death of Cervantes and Shakespeare, a famous English writer.
1997 65438+ 10, nine ministries and commissions, including Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, the Ministry of Culture, the State Science and Technology Commission, the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television, the Press and Publication Administration, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League and the All-China Women's Federation, jointly issued the Notice on Organizing the Implementation of the Knowledge Project, proposing to implement the "Knowledge Project" to promote reading for all and build a reading-oriented society. This is a social and cultural systematic project with the means of developing library cause and the purpose of advocating reading, spreading knowledge and promoting social civilization and progress.
In 2000, the leading group of the national knowledge project designated 65438+February as "National Reading Month" every year, which is a major project to implement the national knowledge project. In recent years, various publicity activities have been organized all over the country.
In 2004, the National Leading Group for Knowledge Engineering entrusted library society of china to hold the annual National Reading Month. In order to implement the "knowledge project" with the aim of "advocating universal reading and building a reading society", library society of china will further stimulate the reading enthusiasm of the whole people, promote the construction of a learning society, a learning organization and a learning family, and prepare to hold large-scale activities nationwide this year to let the public know about World Reading Day.
British state
Local celebrations can be said to be the most comprehensive. They even advanced the reading day to March 6th, and held more than 1000 celebrations in schools, libraries and bookstores, such as story imitation contest, midday story time and various book fairs. On this year's Reading Day, official website also held a writer's lecture/exchange meeting on the Internet, and broadcast reading-related programs. The local authorities even gave the children World Reading Day book tokens with a face value of 1, so that they could buy a favorite book in the member bookstores on Reading Day. The organizer specially published six new books for World Reading Day; We also set up a list of good books, which not only recommended 25 interesting books to children, but also provided a series of activity suggestions for teachers as teaching reference.
Catalonian
There is a local tradition. On April 23rd every year, there will be large and small book fairs, and there will be many stalls on the street, which is very lively. Readers can get a rose for every book they buy, so on World Book Day, you will see many people walking down the street with roses, just like Valentine's Day, which is very interesting.
South Korea
Issuing "World Reading Day" stamps will spread the message of promoting reading and copyright. This year, a local story book will be published specially for World Reading Day to explain what copyright is to children, hoping to raise the awareness of the younger generation about copyright. In addition, the authorities issued "World Reading Day" stamps to spread the information of promoting reading and copyright. The publishing house sent 35,000 books to local schools for free on April 23rd. Hold a charity auction, and the proceeds from local artists' 15 works will be used to promote young people's reading. In addition, there are donation activities for new or used books.
Riben
Tokyo * * * issued a decree to designate April 23rd as Children's Reading Day, with the long-term goal of cultivating children's abilities in language, imagination and sensitivity and helping them "experience life" more deeply. In 2005, the Japanese Yomiuri Shimbun made a survey on reading in China. The results are as follows: 14% reads every day 1 hour, 19% reads for half an hour, 10% reads for 20 minutes, 9% reads 10 minutes, and does not read.
France
In 2004, 24% of French people read 12 books, and more than 55% of them read 1 to 12 books. Judging from the crowd, everyone reads 1 1 book on average.
Israel
In 2005, the Japanese Yomiuri Shimbun made a survey on reading in China. The results are as follows: 14% reads every day 1 hour, 19% reads for half an hour, 10% reads for 20 minutes, 9% reads 10 minutes, and does not read.
3. Reading skills
As the ancients said, after reading a book a hundred times, you will understand what it means.
This shows the importance of reading, and this expensive "reading" is more important in primary education. Because primary school students have narrow knowledge and simple thinking, they usually memorize the knowledge in books first, and then gradually understand and use it. So how should teachers guide primary school students to read? The author mainly talks about it from the following two aspects.
Attention should be paid to step by step in classroom reading. First of all, teachers must lead students to read.
Because different grades have different learning priorities, you should read each clause first, which is suitable for junior students. It is easy to master, and it can also make up for the shortage of young students who forget quickly. More importantly, it can create a good reading environment for them. When students reach the middle and senior grades, they can read sentence by sentence to cultivate their understanding of single sentences. At this time, teachers should do everything possible to make students like to talk, dare to say complete sentences with the words they have learned, and lay a good foundation for writing training. Selective reading of natural paragraphs is a very effective reading method for senior primary school students, because they are about to enter the middle school threshold and their knowledge has been broadened a lot. It is more important to cultivate their overall understanding of the article, that is, to cultivate a sense of language, so as to conform to middle school education. At the same time, it is also to prevent teachers from interfering too much to obliterate students' ability to think independently.
Give students a space to think. Secondly, on the basis of teachers' reading, it gradually rises to students' conscious reading.
In order to make this transition, I think there are three paths: first, lead the poor students with excellent students, or lead the whole class with groups. The advantage of the former is that the language similarity between students is conducive to the acceptance of poor students, so that they have no psychological pressure; The latter not only enhances the sense of collective honor, but also cultivates the sense of competition among students, achieving the effect of waiting for work and reducing the workload of teachers. After this step is implemented, teachers can ask all students to read aloud in chorus, so that students can have an overall understanding of the article, which is helpful to understand the main content of the article and grasp the central idea.
Finally, teachers should let go of students' hands and feet and let them study freely. This is to let every student have his own reading environment, think while reading, and apply what he has learned. How to read after class? There are two ways. First, teachers teach students in accordance with their aptitude and study individually, which means that poor students can speak and are not afraid of making mistakes.
Teachers can know the teaching effect in time, which is convenient to change the layout structure of classroom teaching, and it is also one of the ways to transform poor students. The second is to encourage students to "help each other", specifically: you say one sentence, I say one sentence to read, recite, or both.
This method is to consolidate the knowledge learned in class and combine the memories of two people to make up for each other's shortcomings. Its advantage is that it is not limited by time and space. For example, playing games while walking not only promotes the friendship between students, but also enhances their confidence in learning. Of course, after-school tutoring does not mean that teachers should deprive students of all extracurricular activities, but that under the control of correct methods, the extracurricular life of primary school students will be more colorful and meaningful.
There are many ways to read, but it is very important to "read" Wan Li, especially to make pupils move. Therefore, teachers should allow more time to read to students, which will get twice the result with half the effort.
Goethe famously said, "Reading a good book is like talking to a noble person." Hugo said: "Books are tools to transform the soul. It is necessary for human beings because it is a nutritious and bright drink. "
Indeed, a good work is like a good life textbook. It can cultivate people's sentiment and temperament and teach people how to be an upright person.
Knowledge is like a vast ocean. It is impossible for a person to read all the books in his life, not to mention the good and bad books, which determines that we should have a choice in reading. How to guide students to choose books? In addition to being thoughtful, students can also choose according to their age characteristics, reading interests and stylistic types.
(A) the age characteristics of the rapid development of primary school students' thinking. During their six-year primary school life, their way of thinking and level of thinking have changed greatly.
The most obvious is the development from concrete thinking in images to abstract thinking. Junior students like to watch some vivid picture stories, fables and idioms with pictures.
Middle school students prefer reading short popular science books, such as historical stories, science fiction, biographies and science fiction.
(2) Reading interests Apart from the differences in reading interests caused by different ages, children with different personalities also have different reading interests, and even some students have different reading interests in different grades. Only interested reading is efficient reading.
Therefore, when choosing books, students' reading interest must be considered. Now, students' reading is more utilitarian. If you ask students, "What is the book you read the most?" Nine times out of ten, they will say that it is reading materials such as composition methods, such as composition encyclopedia, composition selection, excellent composition of primary school students and so on.
If you ask a student, "What's your favorite book?" They would say
Of course, reading some composition methods is beneficial to writing, but in the long run, students' Chinese literacy will not improve quickly, and students will not be able to really write well without confidence in Chinese. Although some students have a lot of composition books, the exercises are still full of difficulties.
Students should be allowed to choose their favorite books to meet their psychological needs of self-selection, and only their favorite books can have higher gains. (3) Imitation is common among primary school students, whether in grade one or grade six.
They're gone.
4. A little knowledge about reading
book
(2004- 12- 12 17:02: 13)
The ancients said, "The book has its own golden house, and the book has its own Yan Ruyu". Books are indispensable tools for people to become talents, and writers call them "writing companies".
There are many kinds of books, such as science books, fairy tales, science fiction … People of different ages like to read different books. For example, children like to read fairy tales; Teenagers like reading science fiction; Young people like reading science and technology books ... how much do you know about books?
There were no words in prehistoric times, and our ancestors recorded them with knots. At the end of primitive society, characters gradually appeared. By the Shang dynasty 3000 years ago, there were the earliest physical books-documents carved with Oracle bones. Besides Oracle Bone Inscriptions, there are also books engraved (cast) on bronzes-bronze inscriptions, and books engraved on stone drums-Shi Guwen. China's official books are wooden slips or bamboo slips made of bamboo pieces and boards, which also appeared in Shang Dynasty. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, people wrote on silk books, which were called silk books. According to legend, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun invented a light and cheap material-paper. In the 6th ~ 8th century, Bi Sheng invented movable type printing, and books bound with paper appeared. There are also books with lithographs in modern times, and books with printing are mainly used in modern times. At present, some countries in the world have realized the electronic storage of books and materials. Modern books look completely different from ancient books.
"Advise you not to cherish golden clothes, and advise you to cherish youth. If there are flowers, you can fold them straight. Don't wait until there are no flowers. " Students, let's cherish time like gold, travel in books and become. book
(2004- 12- 12 17:02: 13)
The ancients said, "The book has its own golden house, and the book has its own Yan Ruyu". Books are indispensable tools for people to become talents, and writers call them "writing companies".
There are many kinds of books, such as science books, fairy tales, science fiction … People of different ages like to read different books. For example, children like to read fairy tales; Teenagers like reading science fiction; Young people like reading science and technology books ... how much do you know about books?
There were no words in prehistoric times, and our ancestors recorded them with knots. At the end of primitive society, characters gradually appeared. By the Shang dynasty 3000 years ago, there were the earliest physical books-documents carved with Oracle bones. Besides Oracle Bone Inscriptions, there are also books engraved (cast) on bronzes-bronze inscriptions, and books engraved on stone drums-Shi Guwen. China's official books are wooden slips or bamboo slips made of bamboo pieces and boards, which also appeared in Shang Dynasty. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, people wrote on silk books, which were called silk books. According to legend, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun invented a light and cheap material-paper. In the 6th ~ 8th century, Bi Sheng invented movable type printing, and books bound with paper appeared. There are also books with lithographs in modern times, and books with printing are mainly used in modern times. At present, some countries in the world have realized the electronic storage of books and materials. Modern books look completely different from ancient books.
"Advise you not to cherish golden clothes, and advise you to cherish youth. If there are flowers, you can fold them straight. Don't wait until there are no flowers. " Students, let's cherish time like gold, travel in books and become the owners of books.
5. What common sense should we pay attention to in the library?
Methods/steps
First of all, the library is a place to study. When you enter, you will be prompted: Please mute your phone. Remember, don't talk loudly, don't answer the phone in the library, it will not only affect yourself, but also others.
Secondly, we should cherish public property, no matter how small it is, because it is not only for our own service.
Get along well with friends in the library, don't argue over a little dispute, take a step back.
Borrowed books should be returned regularly, especially the borrowed books should be kept well and not scribbled.
If there is a manager to manage it, whether it is right or wrong, it should not be solved by violence, but should be handled as peacefully as possible.
6. What is the content of the knowledge encyclopedia for primary school students?
This book introduces a lot of knowledge about animals, military affairs, science and technology, plants, the earth, the universe and so on. Rich in content, there are many related pictures, which are easy to understand.
Encyclopedia knowledge module helps children put down their heavy schoolbags and read the world with the most relaxed mind.
Through the encyclopedia of knowledge, we can broaden our horizons, or elaborate the words or stories of knowledge here, thus shortening the distance between time and space and connecting yesterday, today and tomorrow into a smooth arc.
Enter the colorful world, solve the mystery of science, feel the vicissitudes of history and appreciate the charm of literature and art.
Extended data:
Encyclopedia of Children's New Knowledge is a book published in 2008 by Wang Jindang.
It is a set of children's books that can be read, listened to, spoken, drawn and played. It is a set of children's books that children and parents can read together and read repeatedly.
Starting from children's reading characteristics and interests, adopting open framework and large-scale scene design will help guide children to accumulate key experiences happily and promote the development of their brains and thinking.
On the basis of satisfying children's curiosity and thirst for knowledge, The Encyclopedia of New Children's Knowledge: General Knowledge of History and Culture (Athena Chu Edition) selects knowledge that children are interested in, want to know or need to know, such as astronomy, geography, science and technology, animals and plants, history and culture, literature and art, and guides young readers to invite them to visit the vast universe and learn about local customs and landforms at home and abroad.