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Charity. Benevolence is the core concept in Confucius' thought, which mainly refers to a noble moral character. Confucius is the founder of benevolence. He put forward the ideas of "benevolent people love others" and "restraining oneself and restoring propriety to be benevolent". Benevolence is the highest state of moral cultivation and spiritual pursuit. Other virtues are centered around this kind of moral cultivation. If a person wants to pursue true moral character, he should take love as the main premise. "Cultivation of one's morality is based on Tao, and cultivation is based on benevolence." We should constantly improve our self-cultivation and morality, so that we can achieve moral standards and lay the foundation for realizing the highest level of benevolence. "If someone is generous to the people and can help everyone, he is called benevolent. If he can do the five things, he will be benevolent in the world." Confucius paid great attention to the cultivation of human character, that is, human moral education. He believed that the shaping of human character mainly depends on Moral autonomy and perfect personality require constant accumulation and moral cultivation. The difference between a villain and a gentleman lies in the cultivation of moral thoughts. At the same time, although benevolence is a noble moral principle, it is not something that cannot be pursued. , as long as you work hard to improve your inner cultivation, you will reach the state of benevolence. Confucius also believed that benevolence is the most perfect and kind spirit and is the foundation that determines everything.

Etiquette and justice. In Confucius's moral education thoughts, benevolence is its core value concept, while etiquette is the self-cultivation criterion of his moral education, a specific way of getting along with each other, and the application of benevolence thoughts to actual life and life. Code of conduct in learning. The goal of Confucian moral education is to regulate people's behavior through etiquette, so that social morality, social laws and family norms have a normative effect on educated people, so that etiquette becomes a norm that everyone should consciously abide by, so as to achieve the goal of people's respect for A state of being polite to oneself, polite to others, and polite to nature. Confucius advocated "ritual" as the social moral code, including political hierarchy, ethics and moral standards, all communication etiquette, etc., requiring people to follow the many feudal hierarchical orders prescribed by "ritual" attentively, so as to rule the world peacefully. The characteristics of etiquette in Confucius' thoughts on self-cultivation are mainly reflected in the behavior of etiquette, requiring people who cultivate themselves to conform to what etiquette includes. First of all, you should use etiquette to restrain your behavior and be strict with yourself. People living in society have a variety of temperaments and characteristics. If it is not regulated by a unified morality, there will be no order. Therefore, etiquette is the most basic thing for individuals to conduct themselves; secondly, one must treat others with etiquette. , in the process of social communication, if everyone can treat each other with courtesy and use etiquette to regulate the relationship between people and promote their coordinated development, only then can the harmonious development of society be achieved.