It is the relationship between accumulation and consumption. Lenin said that politics is a concentrated reflection of economic harmony. This statement is somewhat abstract. We can use a metaphor to say that economics is making cakes, and politics is dividing cakes. How to make cake? There are two methods: one is to gather all the tools and raw materials for making cakes, and everyone divides the work. After it is done, one person will divide it and everyone eats it together. This approach seems fair, but there is one difference. Well, it’s just too average. Because if you do more, you’ll do less, and if you do better, you’ll do less, so people don’t think about working too hard. As a result, the cake is not made big, which is called official ownership (because only officials have absolute distribution power). The second method is to clarify everyone's tasks. After completing the tasks assigned to the public, the remainder is their own, so everyone wants to make their own cake bigger. The result is that the total cake is larger, and everyone Everyone is well fed. This is called people’s rule. How to divide the cake? Corresponding to the two methods of making cakes above, there are also two methods of dividing cakes. The first way to divide the cake is for a leader recognized by everyone to share it with everyone. How much Zhang San can eat, how much Li Si can eat, which piece is bigger and smaller, all are decided by the leader alone. This is called Totalitarian politics. The second method of dividing the cake is that you divide the cake and I divide the cake, and all operations are completed in full view of the public. This method of division is called decentralization politics. I remember a story about two brothers who were competing for a cake. Their father set a game rule for them: one draws the cake, and then the other person chooses the cake. As a result, no matter who is going to divide the cake, he must be fair. If he divides a bigger piece and a smaller piece, the other person will choose the bigger piece, because although the right to divide is in his hands, the right to choose is in other people's hands. On hand. This story illustrates the simple principle of decentralization and checks and balances. From the above analysis, it is not difficult to see who is better and who is worse between government ownership and people ownership, centralization and decentralization. Looking at the reality around us, before the reform and opening up, we used the first method of making and dividing the cake. After thirty years of doing so, we created a rigid system, and finally had to seek a way out through reform and opening up. But we have only reformed the way of making cakes, that is, decentralized the power of making cakes. However, the rules of the game of dividing the cake have not changed. It is still the method of dividing the cake of the centralized system. People's enthusiasm for making cakes has increased, and the cake has become bigger. But since dividing the cake is still the original centralized rule, the reform results of the free economy have become a delicious meal for centralized politics. As a result, the three public consumptions (public funds for food and drink, public transport consumption, and public travel) appeared, interest groups were formed, the gap between the rich and the poor widened, money and power transactions emerged, credibility declined, and the South China tiger emerged... This is what China currently has. The root cause of social problems, in Marxist terms, is "the incompatibility between the economic base and the superstructure." The solution is to deepen reform—promote the reform of the political system and give citizens the right to share the cake. Questioner’s remarks: You are the living Lei Feng of our time. Thank you so much!