Occupation: Prime Minister of the Han Dynasty

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Zhuge Liang captured Meng Huo seven times

Zhuge Liang captured Meng Huo in Zhanyi County, Yunnan Province today. Zhuge Liang conquered the south, captured Meng Huo seven times, and settled the south China.

The 9th chapter of Romance of the Three Kingdoms drives back the great good, destroys six barbarians, burns rattan armour and captures Meng Huo seven times

Suddenly, one person accounts for Meng Huo, saying, "The Prime Minister is ashamed and doesn't want to meet the public. I've been ordered to let the public go back, and then recruit people to win the battle. You can go quickly today. " Meng Huo wept and said, "There is no such thing as seven captures and seven verticals. Although I am a foreigner, I know a lot about courtesy and righteousness. Is it so shameless? " So he and his brother and wife, who lived in the party, all knelt down under the tent and said, "Prime Minister Tianwei, the southerners will never rebel again!" Zhuge Liang said, "Do you accept it now?" He was weeping and thanked, saying, "A son, a son and a grandson all feel burdened with the grace of generation, and they are too content to accept it!" Kong Ming invited Meng Huo to pay the bill and hold a banquet to celebrate, thus making him the Lord of the cave forever. All the land seized will be returned. Meng Huozong's party and all the barbarians were all impressed and jumped away happily. Later generations wrote a poem praising Kong Ming, saying, "Feather fans and black silk scarves hold a blue building, and seven tricks are used to control barbarian king. Up to now, Xidong has spread Weide, in order to choose a temple on the plateau. "

Huarong ancient road?

in 28 ad, after Cao Cao captured Jingzhou, he led more than 2, land and water troops along the river. It was planned to destroy Liu Bei and Sun Quan in one fell swoop and realize the grand aspiration of reunifying the whole country. However, he was carried away by victory, and he was proud and despised his enemy. As a result, Sun Liu's allied army burned Chibi, fled in panic and defeated Huarong Road.

what is Huarong road? According to the annotation of Zi Zhi Tong Jian, it is "from this way, we can reach Huarong". Huarong mentioned here, of course, refers to Huarong County. Huarong Road is also the route that Cao Jun fled to Huarong County after fleeing into Huarong County in Chibi War. GuHuarong County is near Zhoulaozui, about 6 miles north of Jianli County. If you draw a straight line from Wulin, where Cao Cao stationed troops, to Nanjun, the destination where Cao Cao fled, Huarong City is right in the center of this straight line. To escape back to Jiangling, Cao took Huarong County as the shortest route. Moreover, at that time, there was Cao Jun's grain and grass warehouse near Huarong County, which was convenient for retreating soldiers to replenish grass.

Because of this ancient swamp lake barrier. There is no straight road from Wulin to Huarong City. Jun can only flee to the west along the river, enter Huarong County, and then turn northwest to Huarong County. In this way, it is necessary to wade through a swamp on the edge of Daze. According to the county records, when Cao Cao fled to Taiping Bridge, his men got stuck in the mud and had to throw away his whip and dismount to walk. There is still an ancient place name of "Caobian Port" here. Twenty miles from Qubian Port to Maojiakou, "the narrow road is dangerous and bumpy," and Cao Jun "is blocked by mud." It is to make the soldiers cut reeds and wormwood to fill the road. "If you win the soldiers, you will be trampled in the mud, and many people will die."

Lu You, a great poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, once sailed through this area during his six years on the main road (117). He wrote: "Naturally, it is uninhabited, and the two sides of the strait are looking forward to it, which is called a hundred miles of shortage." The boat man said, "Since then, the vicious river has been blocked, and tigers and wolves have appeared. If you don't know what to do, you will be hurt by the husband. " 96 years after Cao Cao's defeat, Huarong Road was still so desolate, and the hardships and embarrassment of Cao Jun at that time could be imagined.

Huarong Road was really developed in the Yuan Dynasty. Today's Huarong Road can't see the desolation of the past at all, but it is shaded by trees and fertile fields on both sides of the road. Rice is fragrant, and lotus flowers are blooming. In the evening, the smoke from kitchen chimneys rises in the air, presenting a landscape of plain water towns.

Fengjie Baidi City-Liu Bei entrusted the orphans and the Eight Arrays of Water?

The Three Gorges Mushi Art Museum is located in Baidicheng, the mouth of Qutang Gorge, the first gorge of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, with a long history and beautiful scenery. Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, added infinite charm to this place. Wang Chaowen, a famous aesthete and honorary chairman of China Artists Association, wrote the name of the Three Gorges Mushi Art Museum. The Three Gorges Wood and Stone Art Museum displays nearly 1 gloomy woodcarvings and strange stones of the Three Gorges, which Mr. Wei Jingyu, honorary curator of fengjie county Baidicheng Museum in Chongqing, sought for the beauty of nature and drank the source of nature. Wandering among them, you may realize the true meaning of nature and life.

Baidigao is the Three Gorges Town! It's Du Fu's poem again, which tells the story that the shape of Baidicheng, located on the north side of Kuimen, is superior to that of Sichuan and Hubei. Later, there was a famous poem by a poet in the Qing Dynasty: "Bayu in the west controls thousands of valleys, and Jingchu in the east presses mountains", which also has a majestic bearing. As a military defense, Baidicheng has a wide area and a long history. It was the first century AD (the last year of the Western Han Dynasty). Gongsun Shu, according to Shu, claimed to be the "Baidi" and built a fortification here. After his death, he left a memorial temple on the hill of Baidi, which is the Baidi Temple we are visiting now. Two hundred years after Gongsun Shu, another famous historical figure, Liu Bei, the Emperor of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms, defeated Wu Bing, retreated to Baidicheng and died in Yong 'an Palace. On his deathbed, he entrusted the state affairs (half of the country) and family affairs (only orphans are alive) to Zhuge Liang, the prime minister. This is China's well-known "Liu Bei entrusted an orphan".

The existing Baidi Temple is a building in the Qing Dynasty, including Mingliang Hall, Wuhou Temple, Tuogu Hall, and Star Watching Pavilion, which preaches historical celebrities related to "Tuogu" in many aspects. In the East-West Forest of Steles, more than 7 precious stone carvings from Sui Dynasty to Qing Dynasty will be collected. Mo Bao, the leader of the Party and state and a famous contemporary painter and calligrapher, is displayed in the History of Poetry Hall. The cultural relics room takes Daxi culture as its origin and shows the richness of unearthed cultural relics in this area in general historical order. The West Pavilion on the mountainside is a place to commemorate Du Fu. Du Fu stayed in Fengjie for less than two years, but left more than 4 beautiful poems, accounting for two-seventh of Du Fu's poems. Looking out of the window, we saw the magnificent scene of "leaves are dropping down like the spray of a waterfall, while I watch the long river always rolling on" that he sang, and suddenly there was a surge of high-spirited passion.

Water Eight Arrays

On the north bank of the Yangtze River, about six miles east of fengjie county, Sichuan Province, it is said that Zhuge Liang once laid stones on the dam to form an eight-array map, commonly known as "Water Eight Arrays". On the array map, the stone bases are eight rows in vertical and horizontal directions, and the rows of bases are two feet apart, with * * * sixty-four bases.

is Zhuge Liang's empty plan reasonable?

it's too small to look down on the rationality of the empty plan simply as a gamble between Zhuge Liang and Sima Yi.

We don't pay much attention to the arrangement in advance and the changes afterwards. It's hard to see the whole picture just by burning incense and playing the piano. From the 95th chapter of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, "Ma Su refused to remonstrate against the lost street pavilion, the marquis of Wu played the piano and retired from Zhong Da", we can find out what the facts speak louder than words, instead of guessing what is possible or how we should feel.

When Zhuge Liang learned that Jieting and Lieliu City had all been lost, he was making arrangements for the withdrawal of the Northern Expeditionary Army. Therefore, at the beginning, he arranged for Guan Xing and Zhang Bao to lead 3, elite soldiers to Wugong Mountain, and ordered zhang yi to prepare for his return in advance, and then ordered Ma Dai and Jiang Wei to prepare an ambush behind the temple. Finally, he immigrated to Tianshui, Nan 'an and Anding counties, where officials and soldiers were all stationed in Hanzhong. Zhuge Liang personally led 5, soldiers and horses to transport grain, and these distribution arrangements were the beginning of the sequence of plans to send troops.

It's a pity that there are always people who mistakenly think that Zhuge Liang only intends to fight Sima Yi with an empty city, or that he was forced to fight unprepared. In fact, little is known about Zhuge Liang's allocation arrangements in advance. Only when there is an ambush in advance can you dare to show your doubts, which is very different from the situation where you are not prepared beforehand and gamble your luck. Always speculating about Sima Yi's "protecting the enemy" or Zhuge Liang's "sweating and taking risks", it is better to carefully implement the "cause and effect" of the incident, and make a more concrete basis instead of falling into fantasy confusion.

In the eyes of Wei Jun officers and men who have been repeatedly frightened to defeat since they set fire to a new field and looked for water, Zhuge Liang is an expert in luring soldiers. Moreover, Wei Jun has always made good use of luring soldiers, luring Lu Bu from the battle of Puyang in the early years, and luring Wen Chou from the battle of Guandu, etc. Wei Jun had known the end of being lured by greedy bait-heroically and sacrificed to hit the wounded. Zhuge Liang held high the banner of the Northern Expedition and gathered an army to attack. Whether it was to move the residents of the three counties or to save the generals of Shu soldiers, it would not be a small activity and unknown. Even if Sima Yi did not know the actual situation of Shu soldiers, he could know that Shu soldiers had moved on a large scale. But the Shu army that Sima Yi and other Wei Jun saw in front of Xicheng did not have any big rules and regulations. How could these Shu troops disappear? Where are the Shu soldiers who moved to the defense? Could it be an ambush for an attack? Is Zhuge Liang going to lead Wei Jun into the city to die with a few lures, and take Zhuge Liang as the supreme leader of the Shu army? Who dares to treat it lightly?

Sima Yi, no matter how bold he is, has to figure out whether Zhuge Liang's generals, such as Guan Xing, Zhang Bao, Ma Dai and Wei Yan, are all gathered in Xicheng to wait for death, or are they hiding around and waiting for an opportunity? Or judge that all the generals of Shu soldiers fled, leaving Zhuge Liang alone, and there were no generals of Shu soldiers in his eyes, unless Sima Yi proudly gambled and admitted that he had caught the group manager without the escort corps. If this was not luck, Zhuge Liang set a trap to lure the soldiers into the urn. Sima Yi didn't believe in the sentry's information at first, and after personally exploring the enemy for verification, he took cautious measures. Retreat first, then slow down Xu Tu: if there is an ambush, then retire; If there is no ambush, there will be another war. From Sima Yi's return to Xicheng soon and questioning the local residents about the actual situation of the Shu army, we can know that Sima Yi did make a comeback in military action, not as some people said, "Wei Bing scared Chang 'an all the way." Take a step back first, keep a safe distance, and then find another idea, instead of scaring and fleeing.

Later, in the path of Wugong Mountain, Guan Xing and Zhang Bao were screaming in the valley, and Wei Jun was suspicious. How dare he stop for a long time? Yeh Zhen wanted to be greedy, but he was caught halfway. He was intercepted by Jiang Wei and Ma Dai, who had been assigned by Zhuge Liang in advance, and had to lead troops to flee and return. If Sima Yi didn't leave early, he would almost end up in Cao Zhen. With Sima Yi's withdrawal, Zhuge Liang took the opportunity to withdraw from Hanzhong. There was a "distribution arrangement" in advance, and there was an "ambush battle" afterwards, which led Zhuge Liang to set up an empty city to trap Sima Yi with a calm and quiet mood.

The official history quoted three things about Guo Chong in Pei's notes, talking about Zhuge Liang's empty plan.

Pei Songzhi has refuted the occurrence time, geographical location, offensive and defensive situation and etiquette of the empty city plan, so what Guo Chong said is not true. Sima Yi alone is still the governor of Jingzhou (that is, Zhou Yu's generation can't be a position), and he is in Wancheng, so he doesn't have time to go north to the street pavilion to face Zhuge Liang. Time and space are no longer in line. Guo Chong said that Sima Yi led 2, troops, Zhuge Liang kept only 1, Shu troops, and the rest of the troops were handed over to Wei Yan. Sima Yi had the advantage of 2 to 1, so there was no need to be afraid. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms says that Wei Jun has only 15, soldiers, Zhuge Liang has 2,5 soldiers, and another 2,5 Shu soldiers are temporarily out, while Guan Xing and Zhang Bao each have 3,, and there are already 11, here, as well as zhang yi, Jiang Wei and Ma Dai. If the remnants of Wang Ping, Wei Yan, Gao Xiang, Shen Dan and Shen Yi in the Jieting battlefield are included, and Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi's Jigu suspected troops are combined, I'm afraid Serenade's. According to the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang led more than 3, soldiers, and the Northern Expeditionary Army of Shu soldiers was able to disturb Wei Mingdi's personal expedition. The size and strength of the army should not be underestimated.

According to the Spring and Autumn Annals of the Han, Jin and Qing Dynasties, Zhuge Liang claimed: "There are more troops in Qishan and Jigu than thieves, but they can't break thieves. If thieves break them, the disease is not in Serenade, but in one person's ear. That is, there are more Shu soldiers than Wei soldiers, not Wei soldiers than Shu soldiers. If Sima Yi's army is outnumbered, why should we care about just ten thousand Shu soldiers? In fact, Zhuge Liang didn't dare to make the Northern Expedition with only 1, people. Even the Southern Expedition did not use only 1, people. How can the Northern Expedition only use 1, people? Sima Yi's target is not only Zhuge Liang's direct team, but also the entire Northern Expedition Army. No matter how many people there are, they are not afraid of traps. During the Battle of Changping in the Warring States Period, although Zhao died of more than 4, people, they still fell into the siege of Qin Jun and starved, and were finally forced to surrender and kill. The mountainous terrain around Hanzhong is full of dangers such as patios, dungeons, sky traps and sky gaps, and obstacles such as stone caves and jungles are the most afraid of being trapped in death and there is no room for escape. The mountain forest is not conducive to the galloping of Wei Jun cavalry, and the pass in the valley also contains the danger of "and while one man guards it is invincible". Although there are many ranks, it would be careless to ignore the geographical restrictions.

Zhuge Liang has an army and a favorable geographical position. As Guo Chong said, Sima Yi has 2, troops, but he may not have the upper hand. Moreover, Guo Chong's biggest mistake was to ignore the existence of the generals of the Shu army. Sima Yi can only figure out the location of the generals of the Northern Expedition. In the face of Zhuge Liang's army, unless Sima Yi is arrogant, he can't see Wei Yan, Gao Xiang, Zhao Yun and Wang Ping. Otherwise, Sima Yi should scrutinize whether these Shu soldiers are lying in wait. Zhuge Liang later made good use of luring soldiers to slay Zhang He and Simona and others, which further proved that Wei Bing's rash end, eating the consequences of underestimating his enemy, would be killed and destroyed.

Zhuge Liang's empty city plan did not appear in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms after the Ming and Qing Dynasties at first, but appeared in the notes (Guo Chong's three things) in the annals of the Three Kingdoms written by Chen Shou, the official history, and the latter was more unreasonable than the former. It is ironic that the notes from the official history are not credible, but the fictional romance covers everything.

In addition, Zhuge Liang's inventions, such as: Kongming Lantern, Mu Niu Niu Ma, etc. There are also stories with his wife, such as Zhuge Jin, goose feather fan, etc.

Zhuge Liang's name is Kong Ming, who was born in Nanyang at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Outstanding statesman, strategist and diplomat in the Three Kingdoms period. He left a glorious image of "wisdom" and "noble moral integrity" to future generations, and he is a well-known historical figure in East Asia. Left many stories and famous sayings that have been passed down through the ages. Here, I would like to talk about my humble opinion on Zhuge Liang's "Do my best and die".

Zhuge Liang was born in the 4th year of Emperor Guanghe of the Han Dynasty (AD 181), and died in the 12th year of the founding of the Shu Dynasty (AD 234), at the age of 54. In 27 AD, Liu Bei visited Zhuge Liang, who was 27 years old. He brilliantly analyzed the general trend of the world and put forward the idea of uniting the sun with Cao Cao, thus unifying the road of the world, namely the famous "Longzhong Dui":

"Since Dong Zhuo made a rebellion, heroes have risen together, and countless people have crossed the state and even joined the county. Compared with Yuan Shao, Cao Cao is small in name and few in number. However, Cao Cao can overcome Shao, take weakness as the strong one, not only the weather, but also the suppression of others. Today, Cao Cao has a million people, and he is holding the emperor to make the princes. This sincerity cannot compete with each other. According to Sun Quan, he has lived in Jiangdong for three generations, and the country is in danger and the people are attached to it. He can make use of it, which can be used for aid but not for profit. Jingzhou is bordered by Han and Mian in the north, benefiting from the South China Sea, connecting Wuhui in the east, and Bashu in the west. This is a country that uses martial arts, but its owner can't keep it. This is almost heaven, so it is a general. Does the general care? Yizhou is a dangerous place, fertile fields are thousands of miles away, and the land of heaven and earth is the reason why Gaozu became an emperor. Liu Zhang is weak, Zhang Lu is in the north, the people are rich and don't know how to save their shirts, and the intelligent people think of a wise man. The general is the emperor's palace, faithful to the four seas, commanding the hero, thinking of the virtuous and thirsty. If there are advantages and benefits across it, the rock resistance will be guaranteed, and the sun quan will be well established in the west and the Yi Yue in the south, and the political management will be improved in the world. Then he will be ordered to turn the army of Jingzhou to Wan and Luo, and the general will lead the Yizhou people out of Qinchuan, and the people will dare not. If this is the case, the hegemony can be achieved and the Han family can flourish. "

I quote "Longzhong Dui" here, mainly to testify for this article. Let's first analyze why Zhuge Liang did his best for Liu Bei until he died. Zhuge Liang was originally "ploughing in Nanyang, not asking Wen Da to be a vassal". According to the investigation data, Zhuge Liang had lived in seclusion for ten years from 197 to 27 AD after his uncle Zhuge Xuanzhi died in Xiangyang. There is no heart to be an official. When Xu Shu recommended Zhuge, Zhuge