Oscar Wilde was born in Dublin, Ireland, the second son of an outstanding family. His full name is Oscar Finger O 'Flaherty Wells Wilde. His father Sir William Wilder is a surgeon and his mother is a poet and writer.
After graduating from Trinity College in Dublin, Wilde won a scholarship and entered Magdalen College in Oxford University on 1874. In Oxford, Wilde was influenced by the aesthetic concepts of walter pater and john ruskin, and was exposed to the new hegelianism philosophy, Darwin's theory of evolution and the works of the pre-Raphaelites, all of which set the direction for him to become a pioneer writer of aestheticism.
After the publication of his first book of poems, he began to emerge in the literary world and came to London for development. Although the young Wilde has never won a literary prize, he is famous in London society for his striking clothes, witty remarks and maverick, and some magazines even published articles satirizing him.
1882, Wilde gave a wonderful lecture tour in America. Two years later, he married constance Lloyd, and his two sons Cyril and vivienne were born in 1885 and 1886 respectively.
From 65438 to 0887, Wilde became the executive editor of a women's magazine and published some of his novels, comments and poems in the magazine. Wilde's works are famous for their colorful words, novel ideas and distinctive views. His first novel, The Portrait of Dorian Gray, was published in 189 1 year, and then he published his prose, The Soul of a Socialist. Both works were very successful, but it was Wilde's plays that really won him fame. It can be said that each of his plays has been warmly welcomed. At one time, three of his plays were staged in London at the same time. His well-produced plays are called the best comedies since Xie Lidan's Gossip College.
/kloc-in the Victorian era at the end of 0/9, the conflict between old and new fashions in British upper class was fierce. Wilde's liberal style and bold political style soon made him a victim of this conflict. 1895, the Marquis of queensberry was killed by his Lord Alfred Douglas; ; The association between the pseudonym "Bosie" and Wilde led to the discord between father and son, and publicly denounced Wilde as a sodomite (the word "homosexuality" was not born at that time).
In this regard, the angry Alfred told Wilde to appeal immediately, accusing the Marquis of ruining his reputation. As a result, Wilde's appeal failed, and he was accused of "committing serious indecency with other men". According to part 1 1 of Britain's harsh criminal law amendment at that time, Wilde was found guilty and served two years of hard labor in Reading Prison and Bentonville Prison. In the past two years, Wilde stopped his drama creation and wrote a poem "Song of Reading Prison" and a collection of letters "Letters from the Abyss" in prison. In these two works, his style has changed, and it is difficult to find the influence of aestheticism. During Wilde's imprisonment, his wife constance and two children changed their surnames to Holland and moved to Italy, but most of his friends in the social and literary circles avoided him. Only a few people, such as playwright Bernard Shaw, still support him.
After 1897 was released, Wilde immediately set off for Paris. He is extremely disappointed in Britain and no longer has the slightest nostalgia. Later, he tried to get back together with constance for his two children, but Alfred also expressed his desire to get back together with Wilde. In the end, Wilde gave up his two children and chose Alfred. Wilde completed and published Reading Prison Songs while living in France under an assumed name, and then traveled with Alfred. But a few months later, the two broke up again.
1900, Wilde finally converted to Catholicism with the help of his good friend Robert Robbie Ross. H & years,165438+1October 30th, died of illness at the age of 46 in H & Ampocirctel d 'Alsace. Only Robbie was with another friend when he died. His graveyard in Paris was carved into a small sphinx according to the image in his poetry collection "The Sphinx".
At the end of the 20th century, after being smeared for nearly a century, Britain finally gave Wilde the honour of standing as a statue. 1998165438+1On October 30th, the statue of Wilde by Maggie hamlin was unveiled in Adelaide Street near Trafalgar Square in London. The name of the statue is "Dialogue with Oscar Wilde", and it is engraved with a quotation often quoted by Wilde: "We are all in the ditch, but some of us are looking up at the stars in the sky." We are all in the gutter, but some people are looking up at the stars. )
Wilde's trial is one of the most striking cases in British judicial history, and it is also one of the most cited cases in the history of gay affirmative action. At the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 20th century, when homosexuality was no longer regarded as heresy and was generally accepted, he became a cultural idol of the gay community.
The whisper of a poet's soul, the last cry of an aesthete, is a collection of letters that have sold more than 20 million copies worldwide. Oscar Wilde's comedies still make Guo Lun audiences laugh a hundred years later. His witticism is still frequently quoted, which makes people smile and doesn't feel outdated. In the past century, his biographies have appeared constantly, leading curious readers from Dublin to Oxford and from London to Paris to revisit the fantasy world of this Irish wizard.
The self-proclaimed "Irish green peacock with nothing but genius" was rubbing thick hemp rope in prison. When Lacrimosa wrote this long letter to his gay close friend Douglas, he was still in a trance with flowers and applause, witty conversation and the fragrance of lilies. He has tasted the fresh fruit of the world, and once flew freely in the spiritual paradise or thought he was free. Only then did he know that his genius can also bring himself spiritual hell. Reading such works may not bring people a reward for his genius, but sympathy for a real genius and a deeper understanding of the moody nature of the goddess of fate.
One of "Translation of Athena's Thoughts". This book contains the essence of Oscar Wilde's life letters, reflecting his degeneration from "Happy Prince" to "Sad Prince". It can be regarded as Oscar Wilde's autobiography of a better life and artistic reasoning, from which we can get the sad enjoyment of beauty: sorrow for Oscar Wilde, sorrow for the era that lacked beauty but rejected it, and sorrow for the fate of destruction that beauty has suffered or will suffer in history or in the future. Wilde is a martyr of beauty and a symbol of the fate of beauty in the dark age of spirit.