Internal factors determine personality.
Your question is very valuable for discussion, but it is also very tricky. People's personality is definitely influenced by internal and external factors, but if we put aside external factors and support internal views, we can base ourselves on some famous sayings about paying attention to the soul, such as open mind deciding optimism and cheerfulness, and so on. We can also base ourselves on some facts, such as Chen Sheng, who is a different people, but he has not been killed by the status quo, and so on. These are all very convincing methods, but how to choose is up to you.