Creative thinking is developed on the basis of general thinking, and it is the result of acquired cultivation and training. Chaplin made an intriguing remark: "Just like playing the violin or the piano, thinking needs to be practiced every day." Therefore, we can use psychological "self-mediation" to consciously cultivate our creative thinking from several aspects.
(1) spread the wings of "fantasy"
Psychologists believe that the human brain has four functional parts: one is the sensory area that accepts external feelings; The second is the storage area where these feelings are collected and sorted out; The third is to evaluate the judgment area of the received new information; The fourth is to combine the old information in a new way. People who are only good at using the functions of storage area and judgment area but not imagination area are not good at innovation. According to the research of psychologists, the average person only uses 15% of the imagination area, and the rest are still in a "hibernation" state. To cultivate this virgin land, we must start from cultivating fantasy.
Imagination is the thinking ability of human beings to make comprehensive analysis, inference and imagination by using the information stored in their brains. In the process of thinking, without the participation of imagination, thinking will be very difficult. Especially creative imagination, is regulated by thinking.
Einstein said: "Imagination is more important than knowledge, because knowledge is limited, and imagination summarizes everything in the world, promotes progress and is the source of knowledge evolution." Einstein's "special theory of relativity" began when he was a child, when he imagined that people would follow the light and try to catch up with it. The first airplane in the world started from people's fantasy of making bird wings. Fantasy can not only lead us to discover new things, but also inspire us to make new efforts, explore and engage in creative labor.
Young people love fantasy and should cherish this precious wealth that belongs to them. Fantasy is the preparatory stage of creative imagination. What is still in your fantasy today may appear in your creativity tomorrow.
(2) cultivate divergent thinking
The so-called divergent thinking means that if there may be multiple answers to a question, we should take this question as the center, spread our thinking outward, and find the more appropriate answer, the better, instead of just finding a correct answer. In this kind of thinking, people can sprint from left to right and fully display the creative elements of thinking in various suitable answers. Glashow, an American scientist who won the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physics, said: "Learning in many aspects can broaden our thinking ... The more we master the image of things in the world or human society, the more helpful it is to abstract thinking." For example, we think, "How many uses do bricks have?" We have at least the following answers: building houses, building walls, paving roads, stopping cars parked on slopes, making hammers, pressing paper heads, marking lines on behalf of rulers, padding things, fighting weapons, and so on.
(3) developing intuitive thinking
The so-called intuitive thinking refers to the sudden realization or understanding without step-by-step analysis. Many psychologists believe that it is the active expression of creative thinking, the forerunner of invention and creation, and the fruit suddenly obtained after confusion, which plays an important role in the process of invention and creation. The "Archimedes principle" in physics is the moment Archimedes jumped into the bathtub, and found that the volume of water overflowing from the edge of the bathtub was as large as that of his own body, thus realizing the famous law of specific gravity. For another example, when Darwin observed the phenomenon that the top of plant seedlings bent towards the sun, he thought it was because something in the top of the seedlings ran to the backlight side under the light. But in his life, he failed to prove what kind of substance it was. Later, after repeated scientific research, this substance auxin was finally found in 1933.
In the process of learning, intuitive thinking sometimes shows strange questions, sometimes bold guesses, sometimes urgent answers, sometimes solving a problem and imagining a variety of novel methods and schemes. In order to cultivate our creative thinking, when these imaginations come in droves, never ignore them. Young people have a keen sense of smell, a good memory and an extremely active imagination. In their study and work, when they find and solve problems, they may suddenly come up with new ideas and concepts, which are very important ... >>
Question 2: How to improve your creativity? This is a story that Zhang Yaqin, vice president of Microsoft, experienced personally. 1985, Zhang Yaqin went to study in the United States. After passing the entrance examination for doctoral students with full marks, Zhang Yaqin asked his tutor how to choose the topic of his doctoral thesis. "Teacher, what do you think my doctoral thesis should be?" Who knows the teacher said, "I was just about to ask you this question!" " "Zhang Yaqin was surprised. Because in China, it is always the tutor who gives the students the general scope of the thesis first. In the United States, students always find their own research topics, and the tutor just helps them grasp them and finally puts forward some suggestions. Zhang Yaqin soon realized that this was the difference between eastern and western education: the difference between "open" education and "planned" education. He believes that this open learning method can make people more interested in learning and more creative: "When you choose your own topic, you are always the most attentive. "The secret of knowledge society lies in creativity. Just like the world described by a painter, a piece of paper and a brush always have only a few basic colors, which are nothing more than the combination of lines and points. Every element has no new invention, but because of the artist's creativity, it can have unlimited artistic value. Japan, which lacks resources, is an example. When reviewing its national policy 1982, Japan made a resolution that "developing the creativity of the Japanese people is the pillar for Japan to move towards the 2 1 century" and implemented it as a basic national policy. Many people have realized that China's "planned" education limits creativity. The educational system can't provide enough "creative talents", which has always been an important restrictive factor for "Made in China" to "Created in China". But for individuals, the most realistic thing is undoubtedly not to wait for the change of environment, but to take the initiative to conduct open learning. In active open learning, I think we need to pay attention to four keys: (1) Be good at turning passivity into initiative. Bernard Shaw famously said, "Reasonable people adapt themselves to the world, while unreasonable people want the world to adapt themselves. "People grow up in the process of constant adjustment and adaptation. Those who study and work negatively are always depressed. On the contrary, those who are self-motivated and innovative may often have temporary difficulties, but in the end they will all have more brilliant career prospects. (2) Dare to break all kinds of stereotypes and be a creative and successful person: First, break the stereotype of superstitious authority. Where there are crowds, there will always be some authority, which is a phenomenon that exists in any society. But authority is only authority, not an omniscient and omnipotent god. Second, we should break the herd mentality (herd effect) without independent judgment and thinking. In traditional society, most people's behavior choices are actually the result of conformity, and they rarely go through their own independent deliberation. Third, we should get rid of subjective prejudices such as conceptual thinking and empiricism, and don't bind ourselves with thinking. We should not only dare to challenge the authority of experts, but also dare to deny ourselves. (3) Innovative Generally speaking, there are two misunderstandings about innovation. First, innovation is not deliberate innovation. Chen Dongsheng, Chairman and CEO of Taikang Life Insurance Company, said: "Many people flaunt that breaking the law and acting according to their own will is innovation, but the result is failure. There are too many such cases. "Secondly, innovation is not only technology, but also people's ideas, thinking, thoughts and creativity. It is a deeper innovation and the source of creative economy industries. Peter Duruk, a famous management master, asserts in his book The Next Society that the United States and Europe will eventually lag behind Asian countries such as China, Japan, South Korea and India, because they only think that technological innovation is innovation, which will be fatal in the next society. (4) Dare to believe in yourself. Self-confidence is very important for a creative person. With self-confidence, we can make new attempts without fear of mistakes and failures.
Question 3: There are many ways to improve creative thinking. A good way of thinking can better inspire and get creativity. After repeated training, explore suitable thinking methods and form good thinking habits, your creativity will be greatly improved and you will become smarter.
Question 4: Please refer to how to cultivate your creativity to provide you with the answer!
Modern society is highly competitive, challenging and pioneering. Only creative people can adapt to the development needs of modern society. The core of innovative ability is innovative thinking ability. To cultivate their creative thinking ability, the following methods can be adopted:
First, actively participate in various creative activities.
Thinking generally occurs in problem situations and develops in the process of solving problems. So is creative thinking. Actively participating in creative activities or actively creating in activities will naturally encounter all kinds of problems that can't be solved by conventional thinking, which forces you to use your brains, find ways and carry out creative thinking activities. Therefore, actively participating in various practical activities, especially innovative practical activities, is the premise of cultivating your creative thinking ability.
Second, actively carry out divergent thinking training.
Although creative thinking is the unity of convergent thinking and divergent thinking, divergent thinking embodies the characteristics of creativity more strongly. Therefore, in life, study and work, consciously training divergent thinking will help improve your creative thinking ability. You can design two or even three or four schemes to do one thing. When encountering problems, we should not be limited to thinking in one dimension, but should think in two or even more dimensions. We should dare to go out of the routine, think extensively and creatively, and consciously train divergent thinking for a long time, so as to improve our creative thinking ability.
Third, learn to capture inspiration.
Inspiration is the best psychological state for human brain to process and process information, and it has the most advantageous function. It often gives people a kind of experience of being suddenly enlightened and suddenly enlightened, so that confusing problems are solved. A survey of many scientists and artists shows that inspiration appears in most of their inventions and creations. Inspiration is sudden, instantaneous, and comes and goes in a hurry, which makes people feel very mysterious and elusive. In fact,
First of all, inspiration is the product of careful consideration. The basic condition of inspiration is that individuals must think about the problems to be studied for a long time, to the degree of thoughtful and even saturated thinking. At this point, on the surface, they have reached the dilemma of "doubt without a way out" But because of thorough thinking, they are familiar with all aspects of the problem and know the cause and effect of the problem like the back of their hands. At this time, once the outside world determines,
Second, inspiration often appears in the state of mental relaxation after individual nervous thinking. When the problem is puzzling and cornered, people often put it down temporarily, engage in other activities or think about other problems, so as to get rid of the tension of the problem. On the surface, it seems to be a kind of idle relaxation and recreation, such as playing chess, watching TV, chatting, walking, listening to music or lying comfortably on the grass. Look at the white clouds floating in the blue sky, and so on. This kind of relaxation actually unconsciously opens the door of people's thinking, making people's thinking more open, free and unrestrained, without any restrictions, and inspiration comes unexpectedly. Archimedes discovered the secret of adulteration of the golden crown from the buoyancy principle of the pool water when taking a bath. Newton discovered the law of gravity from the common phenomenon of apple falling to the ground; Wallace thought of natural selection in evolution when he was in bed with malaria; Kekule solved the mystery of the chemical structure of benzene during his nap, and other examples invented by scientists fully proved that relaxation is an inspiration.
We know how inspiration comes into being, so we know how to capture it. That is, first of all, we should think deeply about the problem, and conduct long-term, repeated and in-depth research and exploration on the problem itself and related materials until all aspects of the problem are clarified, paving the way for the capture of inspiration. Second, we should devote ourselves to the problem and never give up until we reach our goal. Third, when you are desperate, you should relax in time.
The fourth is to cultivate imagination and dare to guess boldly.
Imagination is a process in which the human brain processes and transforms the memory representation to produce a new image. It is a kind of creative thinking. The new image produced in the process of imagination is called imagination representation. Imagination representation can be something that people have never personally felt, or it can be an image of something that does not exist in current life, which has never been heard of. Rich imagination and association are not limited to success ... >>
Question 5: How can we improve personal creativity? (1) Aggregation thinking method: the thinking process of taking a thinking problem as the object, pointing thinking to the center of this problem from different aspects, comparing and selecting among many methods, and seeking the best method to solve the problem. This way of thinking is also called seeking common ground thinking. (2) Similar thinking method: connect an object with the thinking object, and find some inspiration from their similar relationship, so as to obtain creative results. For example, the world's first "shield method" is the product of similar thinking. In the 1920s, Britain planned to build an underground tunnel under the Thames. If the traditional supporting excavation method is adopted, the soft water-rich rock stratum is easy to collapse. Brunell, the engineer, is at the end of his rope. One day, he happened to find a bug trying to drill into the hard oak bark. Brunell noticed that the bug was working under the protection of its hard shell, which made the engineer suddenly realize that if a hollow steel column was driven into soft rock first, the construction would be carried out under the protection of this "shield". Through similar thinking, "shield" replaced "support" and made an invention. (3) Reverse thinking method: This is the thinking process that people usually think and solve problems in opposing and seemingly impossible ways. The most famous is the discovery of reverse induced current. (4) On-off and on-off thinking method: the related parts of the thinking object are separated or merged ideologically, trying to find new products. "606" insecticide was created by the method of separated thinking. German chemist ehrlich found that "Atosheng Er" can kill trypanosoma, but its side effects will make people blind. So ehrlich conceived to separate the positive effects and side effects of "atropine" and discard the side effects. Under the guidance of the idea of "separation", after many experiments, he and his colleagues finally found a way to change the structure of chemical substances and made "606". The antonym of separation is "combination". As we all know, jet planes, televisions, CNC machine tools, artificial satellites, atomic power generation and Apollo moon landing projects are all perfected, developed and combined by contemporary science and technology in a specific way. Separation can often "turn decay into magic", and merger can often be created by merger. (5) Imagination model method: This is an important visual means to express creative thinking. Models include material model, mathematical model and imagination model. Imagination mode is to combine imagination with abstraction, and to link theoretical knowledge with physical objects. Establish an intuitive image model of the research object. For example, at the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century, in order to explore the atomic structure, scientists established various atomic models based on experimental facts and imagination. (6) Ideal experimental method: it is a thinking process of inventing and creating an idealized research object through repeated design and experiments. Some people call it "thinking experiment", "imagination experiment", "dream experiment" and so on. Rand, an American inventor, dreamed of inventing a camera that can print color photos immediately without developing. According to this dream, he redesigned the lens and structure of the camera, and finally succeeded after many experiments. (7) Intellectual incentive method (collective invention and creation method): This is to hold a small seminar, where everyone will discuss around the center of the problem and inspire each other, so that creativity will have a chain reaction, thus generating more creativity. Its function is to mobilize great creativity and generate ideas, inspirations or new ideas in a short time. The function of this method can be summarized as four points. First, a lot of ideas must rely on association. One person's associative power can * * the associative power of others. When a person is inspired, more inspiration may come one after another. Second, both men and women can exert their creative imagination more in group discussion than in individual thinking. Thirdly, experiments show that this method can improve the mental use, especially inspiration, by 50% in competitive situations. Fourth, in the group, personal good ideas and creativity will be immediately stimulated and encouraged, thus stimulating more and better ideas. The methods of developing creative thinking are mainly divided into methods of finding problems and methods of generating new ideas. It can be said that there will be no new inventions without the generation of new ideas, and the generation of new ideas is an important content and main purpose of creative thinking activities. (8) As far as the education system is concerned, in addition to systematically imparting knowledge and skills, consciously cultivating abilities and developing intelligence, we should also follow the growth law of creative talents. Specifically, we should pay attention to the following points. ① Strengthen divergent thinking training. Divergence is a way of thinking that is unconventional, seeking variation and seeking answers from many aspects ...
Question 6: How to maintain and improve your creativity? Have a young heart, don't keep a distance from new things, dare to take some unknown risks, actively work, study, communicate with some people who are also struggling, avoid contact with some people who are always content with the status quo, encourage others not to be content with the status quo, and finally have confidence in themselves. Good psychological quality is also one of the necessary factors. View original post >>
Question 7: How to improve your imagination and creativity? Imagination and creativity are based on a certain degree of understanding of something, otherwise it is delusion.
What is important now is to increase your knowledge as much as possible.
You don't want me to be too mediocre "means you have this will, so you must work hard." "
"But I am from the countryside and my family is not very good. I need to know a lot by myself, and my parents don't have any culture and knowledge. " This kind of thing can't stand in your way.
You can use your intelligence to serve these problems, and you will no longer be mediocre.
"Imagination and creativity" need to find themselves. For example, Edison took a notebook with him to record his inspiration. Actually, you did. You just didn't dig it well. I think it is very important to learn to express your ideas in daily life, because maybe your parents suppressed your freedom to express your opinions when you were young.
Question 8: How to cultivate and develop one's creativity is acquired. No one is born without creativity, and every child has the opportunity to become a person with extraordinary creativity. It's just that children's creativity is often stifled by wrong education!
Therefore, the focus of enlightenment education is to create the best conditions to maintain, encourage, induce and promote the natural development of various qualities on the one hand. It is very important for educators not to stifle or suppress children's development in this area unintentionally. However, when people talk about children's intelligence, they often talk about intelligence factors such as attention, observation, memory and thinking, but little is known about creativity, the most important ability of human intelligence potential. It's just that creativity is a higher-level intellectual factor. Childhood is the golden stage of life learning, and people's creativity is often shown at this stage. It is the responsibility and obligation of parents and educators to find out in time and guide training scientifically.
Creative personality is a unique psychological process, a thinking process in which individuals produce some novel ideas or make some brand-new products. The child is revealed in the game. Therefore, creativity is an ability that everyone can have. In the free play, the dexterity of children's hands is exercised, and the most creative area of children's brain is developed because of the physiological connection between limb movement and brain thinking. Creative children like to ask why everything, like to comment on things, like to try, think and change a lot, react quickly, and are not limited by known information. Children often have creative expression in their own free world, and creation will also bring them happiness and great spiritual and psychological satisfaction and sense of accomplishment. This sense of accomplishment is helpful to the establishment of children's adaptability to the environment and society. This adaptability will help their creativity to be further developed in future practical work. Therefore, it is very important for parents to choose toys suitable for their children's age to stimulate their imagination and creativity. Generally speaking, combined toys (such as building blocks) rather than finished products, detachable and multi-purpose toys can promote children's creativity.
It is worth noting that children's sense of accomplishment needs to be shared with their peers, otherwise there is no way to achieve it. Children's interest in playing alone can't last long, and they are prone to boredom and irritability. Therefore, no matter how busy parents are, they should take some time to play with their children. Kindergarten can make up for this deficiency and help children's social adaptability, but it can't replace the role of parents. In children's minds, parents are the closest and most reliable people. Parents' affirmation and recognition can inspire children to try and make progress.
Creation is inseparable from imagination, and children open the fantasy world by imagination. Only in this free fantasy world can creative thinking germinate. Don't think that children are absurd, whimsical, unrealistic, or insignificant, and despise their ideals and self-concepts based on fantasy. Give support and guidance. At the same time, we should also help them patiently, so that children can understand that exaggerated performance is incorrect. Guide them to imagine and create from the correct way of thinking, and the ideal should be close to reality and consistent with real life.
Family and school have a decisive influence on the cultivation of children's creativity. The democratic atmosphere of the family is conducive to children's creativity, but children are not allowed to do whatever they want. Schools should teach students in accordance with their aptitude and cultivate creative children. A child who is thoughtful, fickle and can draw inferences from others is often unwilling to be bound too much. They are confident, curious, fond of fantasy and adventure. Such children are easily scolded by teachers and rejected by classmates, who think they are disobedient, pushy and picky. So children will become unhappy and at a loss. It is impossible for their creativity to continue to develop, or they can become accustomed to doing things for a long time, from crooked to bad.
Question 9: How to cultivate your creative thinking 1. Pay attention to the latest technology and ideas.
In fact, new technologies and new ideas are the best growth points of creativity, so we must be keenly aware of the latest information and the cutting-edge trends. Ma's first reaction to new things is that this is my chance to innovate. I must think about whether I can go further on this basis or expand it for my use. Even if such an idea has no practical value, write it down as a kind of thinking training. Therefore, the more you don't understand, the more you have to contact, and you can't completely let your interest (preference is sometimes a mindset). Because new technology must be imperfect, there is too much room for expansion, and the chances of getting new ideas are higher.
Step 2 be absorbed
Most of the creativity is due to the change of thinking angle. For everything, you should try to look at it from different angles, different places, different groups and so on. If you think about it carefully, you will often find something unexpected. The special perspective often determines the level of creativity. Reverse thinking is one of the special cases. For example, when developing products, it is best to regard yourself as a service terminal, consider customers and intermediate links, and examine each link to see if it can be different from others. You can also think of yourself as a competitor, think about their situation, ask more why, and ask why not. When you think like this, you may find problems and make innovations and improvements.
3. Seek common ground while reserving differences
Compare more and compare from different angles, not only to find out their similarities, but also to find out their differences. The comparison must be meticulous and comprehensive, without letting go of any nuances (details are very important). So it's best to list them one by one and compare them repeatedly. Similarity must have the same internal mechanism, which is more likely to be the most basic problem. Most people like to seek differences, while thinkers prefer to seek common ground and find out the essence and essence from the ever-changing complex things, so as to better understand differences. Difference may be the entrance to thinking and a clue. If you follow it, you may further decompose the characteristics of things and find laws, which are easy for everyone to understand.
4. Decomposition and Synthesis
If you can break down your concerns into enough details, the finer the better, break down a big problem into countless small problems, and examine each problem carefully, you may find a breakthrough or open up new territory. For example, if you study biology, you can decompose the behavior of multi-cells to single-cell level or even single-molecule level, which will inevitably encounter many technical problems, but it may also inspire you to establish a new technical system, just like the single-molecule technology mentioned in Ma's blog earlier. In addition, you can ask yourself 100 or more questions in your research field, and there will be sparks in your thoughts among these 100 questions. Einstein once said that asking questions is often more important than solving problems, because the key questions often show that you have achieved a breakthrough in solving problems.
5. Unconventional thinking
Imagine what the ideal state will be like, what the extreme conditions will be like, what the needs of special people will be like, what the beginning and end of time will be like, or what it will be like to exaggerate and shrink infinitely, what it will be like to be a slacker, what it will be like to make a deliberate mistake, what it will be like to be minimal and maximal, and so on. These ideas may simplify or enlarge your problem. For example, if you develop a product, imagine that if a child takes it, it may be smashed, the battlefield may be damaged by bumps, and the bad guys want to destroy it. Can your product be innovative in this respect?
Step 6 be artistic
You can give ordinary and unremarkable things more artistic or social significance, such as making them interesting and meaningful. This is a kind of creativity. It is an aesthetic idea to simplify complex formulas and make ordinary things more beautiful, optimized, energy-saving and light. It is also a magical art to make simple things into complex structures and diverse functions. Therefore, everything should be as meticulous, exquisite, interesting or meaningful as possible.
7. Add new features
Combination is also a kind of creation, so always think about whether you can give your product more functions and whether you can blend different things together.
8, learn to divergent thinking
Put a lot of unrelated things together, let them combine and contact at will, and then filter and analyze them to stimulate thinking and find inspiration. Therefore, sometimes walking around casually, or browsing irrelevant books and chatting with irrelevant people may inspire your thinking, and you don't have to stay somewhere all the time to think hard before you can call it work ... >>