How to write reading notes, clearly explain the format and method

Note-taking methods

When we read books or articles, we encounter wonderful parts or good words and sentences in the article, as well as our own thoughts and feelings, and write them down anytime and anywhere. kind of style. The ancients have a famous experience in reading and studying, which is that reading should be done with the eyes, the mouth, the heart, and the hands. This "hand" is reading notes. After reading an article or a book, you should write reading notes according to different situations. Writing reading notes is necessary for in-depth understanding and firm grasp of the knowledge learned, and for accumulating study materials in case of unexpected needs.

Taking reading notes can not only improve the efficiency of reading books and articles, but also improve scientific research and writing skills. Through study and practice, students can fully realize the role of the library, not only learn knowledge and exercise their abilities, but also stimulate students' desire to explore.

The simplest method of taking reading notes is the "excerpt method".

The so-called excerpting is to read a book or an article, pick out some good sentences and paragraphs, and copy them into a notebook or card.

The content of the excerpt should be determined according to your own needs. You can copy the teachings of leaders and mentors, the wise sayings of thinkers, writers, and scientists, the heroic words and proverbs of the people and heroes... For example:

There is no smooth road in science; Only those who are not afraid of hard work and climb the steep mountain road can hope to reach the glorious summit. "A Dream of Red Mansions"

You can also excerpt the passages that interest you.

The main content of reading notes:

Excerpts of beautiful sentences, paragraphs, and words.

Write your thoughts or feelings after reading, appreciating the content, exploring the theme, commenting on the characters, and criticizing the language.

Reading notes are generally divided into excerpts, outlines, annotations, and experiences. The format and writing method are not difficult. The post-reading notes in the experience notes are a bit troublesome, but as long as you understand the relationship between the three elements of argument, argument and demonstration , it will be easy to win, because the review is nothing more than an argumentative essay. Many types of applied literature can only be concretely applied in future work practice, while reading notes belong to the daily literature category and should be learned and used immediately.

Commonly used forms are: summary, commentary, experience, note form

Edit this paragraph in summary form

About some important points in the book or article Viewpoints, wonderful and incisive sentences, useful data and materials are excerpted. The purpose is to accumulate various materials and prepare for scientific research, teaching, learning and work. It can be excerpted from the original book or the original text system; important arguments and paragraphs can also be excerpted; important figures can also be excerpted.

Summary reading notes are to accurately copy the sentences, paragraphs, etc. related to your study, work, and research issues according to the original text while reading. After excerpting the original text, the source must be indicated, including the title, author, publishing unit, publication date, page number, etc., to facilitate citation and verification. The excerpts should be selective, and their usefulness should be used as the standard for excerpts. Excerpted notes can be divided into:

Indexed reading notes

Indexed reading notes are notes that only record the title and source of the article. Such as the title of the book and periodical, editor, date of publication, and library location. If it is a book, record the volume, chapter, and section. If it is a periodical, record the issue number. For newspapers, record the year, month, day, and layout for easy retrieval in the future. For example: Zhuang Zhao: "Also Talk About Who to Write a Biography for", "Guangming Daily · "History""

Copying the original notes

Copying the original reading notes means copying the relevant information in books and periodicals. Study and research relevant wonderful sentences and paragraphs by yourself as raw materials for future application. When excerpting the original text, write the classification title and indicate the source after the quotation.

Edit this paragraph with commentary

Commentary reading notes are not only excerpts, but also write down your own views on the main points and materials of the reading content, which naturally also includes expressing Note the author's feelings. Commentary notes sometimes provide a summary of the key points of the excerpt.

Common methods for commentary reading notes include bookmarks. That is, use a pen to mark important places in the book or add comments or fold pages to mark the blank spaces; you can also use the outline method to briefly describe the arguments or main arguments of the book and article; you can also use the summary method to summarize the main points of the full text and write down the main content. ; Reading the entire book or commenting on the gains and losses is also a method.

The following types of commentary notes are available:

(1) Bookmarks

Bookmarks are the simplest method of taking notes while reading. When you are reading, you use a pen to put a mark in the blank space next to the words, or add annotations in the blank space, or fold pages, insert paper strips, etc. . This method of taking notes not only deepens the understanding of the content in the book, but also provides convenience for future searches.

Outline

An outline is an outline of the arguments and arguments of a book or article in the form of an outline. The outline can briefly write down the main content according to the chapter and paragraph levels of the original text. Outline reading notes can be written by combining sentences from the original text and your own language.

Summary

A synopsis is different from an outline. An outline is a summary of the main points written paragraph by paragraph, and an abstract is a summary of the main points written out of the entire text. The abstract can briefly describe the content of the reading in your own language. In addition to objectively describing the content of the reading, the summary also has some commentary properties.

Another kind of summary is a brief explanation of the outline of an article or book.

Commentary reading notes

Commentary reading notes are to comment on the gains and losses of the reading material after reading it, or to annotate difficult points. Such reading notes are called commentary notes. For example, Lu Xun read a passage from "Hui Zhu Magazine": Qing Yan Wu Zhao "Hui Zhu Magazine": There are stone carvings of Yan Song and E Wang's "Man Jiang Hong" in the West Lake, which are very magnificent. The words are generous, the book is thin and powerful, and the final title is Huagai University Scholar. Later generations removed the name and changed the title to Xia Yan. Although it is despicable, it is enough to punish adultery.

Case: Yan Song's poems and Yue Fei's poems are like this. Later generations left poems and changed their names. This is like self-deception. Mr. Yan thought it was okay to write but allowed him to punish rape. This is like a contradiction. In just sixty words, all three states have been written. (Lu Xun's "Collection of Collections and Supplements: Broken Branches of the Book Garden (2)")

Supplement the original text

Supplementing the original text's reading notes is to feel uncomfortable after reading the original book or article. Supplement where satisfied. It should be noted that supplementing the original text is not a random addition, but an extension or development around the central idea.

Edit this paragraph's experience type

Experience-type reading notes, that is, thoughts after reading. It is your own understanding, feelings, experience and inspiration written after reading a book or reading an article. Commonly used methods include: notes, which are a combination of key points and insights; insights, also called reflections after reading. It is also a good way to write down your reading experience, thoughts, and gains; to synthesize your views and insights, put forward your own opinions, and record them.

Experience-based reading notes are a kind of notes in which you write down your understanding, feelings, experiences, inspirations and gains after reading. It has the following types:

(1) Notes

Notes are written by combining the key points and experiences while reading. The form of this kind of note is flexible and diverse. Can be long or short.

(2) Experience

Experience notes are also called reflections after reading. After reading, write down your experiences, thoughts, and gains. These reading notes can be used to write about your experiences while reading, or to express your opinions on certain arguments in the original text or to provide criticism and discussion. When writing this kind of notes, you usually write in your own language, and you can also quote the original text appropriately.

(3) Comprehensive notes

Comprehensive reading notes are after reading several books or articles discussing the same issue, grabbing the central comment on their views and opinions, and putting forward your own View notes.

The above three types of reading notes, no matter which type is used, are intended to serve study, work, scientific research and writing. When taking notes, you can use a summary form at first. Later, if you read more and make comparisons and opinions, you can write a translation and annotation form. As for the experience form, it is a step further and belongs to the category of scientific research [1].

Edit the form of notes in this paragraph

There are many forms of reading notes. The main forms are:

1) Notebook

Volume notebooks can be used to copy original texts, write outlines, remember experiences, and write reviews. The advantage is that it is easy to save, but the disadvantage is that it is inconvenient to classify, but it can be made into a separate volume by category.

2) Loose-leaf books

Loose-leaf books can be used to take various notes. Easy to sort, save paper and facilitate future reference.

3) Cards

Cards are easy to classify and can be arranged by purpose, which facilitates flexible mobilization and saves paper. However, the space is small and the content should not be long.

4) Newspaper clipping

Cut out newspapers and useful materials. Long articles can be pasted on notebooks or loose-leaf books, and short materials can be pasted on cards. Comments can be added to the clipping materials, and they can also be posted in categories. The source must be indicated for ease of use.

5) Full-text copy

In order to maintain completeness, the full-text copy of important reading materials can be cataloged and retained for future use.

6) Memory

If you can write it down with your brain, you can better apply the knowledge in your notes in your life. Why not?

7) Bookmark type

When you encounter content that needs to be memorized when reading, you can write it down on the bookmark, put it in the book, put it in your pocket, or insert it into a special bookmark.

In the bag, read and memorize it whenever you have time, and then store it until you remember it. Can help memory.

8) Image type

After reading, you can organize the main content and key points of the book into concept maps or mind maps. Compared with traditional text-based reading notes, More convenient and faster.

Edit examples of notes in this paragraph

When Helen Keller (the author) was a child, she was a smart and lively girl. She could speak some simple words at 6 months old. He can walk at the age of one. In short, she is much better behaved than ordinary children and much easier to learn. However, the good times did not last long, and the happy time always ended too early. In a spring filled with the sweet songs of robins and larks, and with blooming flowers, Helen lost her hearing and vision after a high fever. Naturally, I couldn't speak anymore. These three things are necessary and indispensable in life. If these three things are lost, for an ordinary person, it is equivalent to losing the joy of life. If you were Helen and you were given three days, what would you do? If I were her, I would definitely not be able to survive. No matter how much motivation or encouragement, it can't illuminate the dark, cold, wet heart in my heart. There is only one thought in my mind: living like this is worse than death, so it’s better to end it as soon as possible.

However, Helen’s approach was exactly the opposite of what I thought. She spent 88 years in her life, but she survived 87 years of lightless and silent loneliness. Moreover, it was this blind and deaf woman who graduated from Harvard University in the United States. What an amazing achievement. But, after all, this amazing achievement is inseparable from her own efforts. Compared with her, there is a huge difference. I am really ashamed!

Helen can create these miracles that ordinary people cannot imagine, all because of her perseverance and perseverance. She accepted the challenge of life without hesitation, used her fiery heart and her great love to embrace the beautiful and vibrant world, and fought against difficulties with amazing perseverance. Finally, she defeated the challenges of life. The challenge opened the eyes of the soul, gained confidence and hope, and walked out of the silence and darkness. Finally, she extended her loving hands to the whole world!

Helen went from a blind and deaf girl to a world-civilized writer. She went through many ups and downs, but she never flinched, but moved forward bravely, facing difficulties without fear, overcoming them, and overcoming difficulties. Get over it. A blind and deaf person can do it, not to mention that we are people without defects, there is no reason why we can't do it! Some students have low self-esteem and say that they are stupid. Everyone is equal. There is no genius or fool. The difference between a genius and a fool depends on whether the person is determined to learn and has the perseverance to persevere. This is the most important thing. The road of life is bumpy and rugged. It depends on whether you have the confidence and perseverance to step on it and step onto the road to success step by step.

Each of us is painting our own picture of life all the time. Only through struggle and constant self-improvement can our lives be filled with bright and shining colors, and our pictures of life will shine.

My thoughts after reading "Childhood"

This summer vacation, I read Gorky's autobiographical novel "Childhood", which left a deep impression on me. Alyosha was born in a poor carpenter's family. During the reign of the brutal Tsar, Gorky suffered a lot: he lost his father when he was young, but he was abused by his grandfather. The people around him are so selfish, greedy, and full of hatred...

Alyosha's childhood was so miserable. Compared with him, I was much happier.

I was born in a beautiful place surrounded by mountains and rivers. The meticulous care of my parents, the cordial love of my relatives, and the innocent friendship of my partners made the notes of joy always fall around me. Playing in the bamboo forest, picking mushrooms in the mountains, catching crabs in the stream, chasing butterflies, smelling the fragrance of flowers, and chasing grasshoppers, my childhood began carefree like this. Carrying a big basket, I stumbled behind my cousin to pick up wheat, but the big basket always hit my heels. The two pigtails were beating happily up and down, and white butterflies were flying happily around her. The blue sky is cloudless, the breeze is teasing the skirts of my clothes, and most of the wheat ears are in the basket. The wonderful time of childhood is spent in joyful labor. Entering the campus full of books, I became a student. A fulfilling day begins with the sound of reading. The teacher enthusiastically imparts knowledge to us, and the students discuss with each other. We are like small saplings, receiving the nourishment of spring wind and rain—absorbing more and better knowledge and growing vigorously. In this ocean of knowledge, I ended my happy childhood and began to mature. I live in a socialist country full of humanitarianism. There are no whips, no fists, no hatred, no greed, no surliness, and no endless atrocities and scandals. The people here are kind, pure, and optimistic, so my childhood was full of happiness and joy.

"Hamlet"

Shakespeare's "Hamlet" is a classic masterpiece. The superficial plot of this book is not much different from the historical legend. It still tells the story of a Danish prince avenging his father, which is full of bloody violence and death. As Horatio said: You can hear rape and murder, abnormal repairs, mysterious sentences, accidental killings, cunning plots to kill people, and endings that fall into self-harm. The twists and turns of the plot closely revolve around revenge.

Hamlet hurried back to the country from Wittenberg, Germany, to attend his father's funeral. What he couldn't accept was that he did not catch up with his father's funeral, but witnessed his mother and uncle Ke Laudis' wedding, this has made Hamlet suspicious. In addition, he met his father's ghost on the terrace of the palace castle at night. The ghost complained that this atrocity was committed by Hamlet's uncle and asked him to avenge his father. . At this point, he began a difficult journey of revenge and started a life-and-death contest with Claudius. Finally, the sword of vengeance was sent to Claudius.

"The Count of Monte Cristo"

Love is thorough, hate is also thorough. Repay kindness thoroughly and revenge thoroughly. This is my biggest feeling after reading "The Revenge of Monte Cristo".

There is a saying in China that a gentleman takes revenge, and it is never too late in ten years. Revenge also requires recharging one's energy and energy, and cannot be done rashly based on one's temporary mood. The Count of Monte Cristo is the most concrete example of this proverb with his own actions. After fourteen years of living in a dungeon, his main purpose in life is to find his former relatives, former benefactors and former enemies. After confirming the person he was looking for, he did not hold his fist against his benefactor and go through fire and water as we have seen in martial arts novels. He would not hesitate to stab his enemy to death with a sword. He chose his own way. He did his best to support the ship owner's family who had been kind to him, silently supporting them in various ways, but never letting them know that he was actually here just to repay their kindness. If his repayment of gratitude is touching, then his revenge is so vivid that we can't help but feel a little bit frightened after we applauded it several times.

"The Interpretation of Dreams"

Freud (1856-1939) was a famous Austrian psychiatrist and the founder of the school of psychoanalysis. His works spanned half a century. , has had a broad and profound impact on literature, philosophy, theology, ethics, aesthetics, political science, sociology and popular psychology. If the scope of influence is used as a measure of greatness, then Freud is undoubtedly the greatest psychologist. Freud launched another Copernican revolution in the history of human thought. He pointed out that the human unconscious cannot be controlled by consciousness. The human subconscious contains huge psychological content. He told the story of human beings in the most rational voice. Irrational. "The Interpretation of Dreams" is Freud's pillar academic work. The study of dreams has greatly expanded the scope of human exploration of ourselves and has had a profound impact on our lives.

"Red and Black"

What the writer shows is first of all a typical window of the entire French society-the political pattern of the small city of Verrières. The aristocratic Mayor Drina is the highest representative of the Restoration Dynasty here. He regards it as his bounden duty to safeguard the Restoration regime and prevent the bourgeois Liberals from gaining political power. Varno, the director of the poor shelter, was originally a small bourgeois. He got his current job by joining the Holy Synod, a secret organization of the Catholic Church, thus tying himself to the restoration regime. Father Maslon of the copy church is a spy sent by the church. All people's words and deeds are under his surveillance. In this era when the throne and the altar support each other, he is a hot person. The triumvirate composed of these three people reflects the situation in which the restoration forces monopolize power in the city of Verrières. Their opponents are a large number of aggressive bourgeois liberals with huge economic power. On the one hand, Stendhal described to people the tyranny of the royalists, and on the other hand, he made people draw the conclusion that the bourgeoisie with economic strength will also be the final winner politically. "The Red and the Black" was written before the July Revolution of 1830. Stendhal actually seemed to have an insight into this inevitable trend of historical movements.

As an excellent critical realism novel, "The Red and the Black" does not start from the concept and interpret the protagonist Julien as a symbol pursuing utilitarianism. On the contrary, the author gave him deep sympathy and criticized the specific social reality of that era through people's persistent pursuit of desires and the pain of not pursuing them. This is also the reason why "Red and Black" has long-lasting charm even today. [2]

The Drifting Story of Fifteen Boys

The Drifting Story of Fifteen Boys tells the story of fifteen teenagers who had nothing to do during the summer vacation. The tragedy caused by drifting to the middle of the Pacific Ocean for whatever reason. However, in the end, the teenagers overcame the difficulties and set foot on the road home. The fifteen teenagers in the book were not discouraged when the ship was broken, but resisted tenaciously and found a way to survive. This is very respectable and worth learning from all of us...

On the deserted island, they couldn't get any help, but the fifteen teenagers united with each other, overcame difficulties together, lived frugally, and learned a lot of knowledge and common sense. They relied on these skills and collective wisdom and courage to survive on the desert island. How difficult it is! ! In order to survive, fifteen teenagers actively fought against nature, and also fought life and death with the villains. How can we not be moved by it? The young people's spirit of not being afraid of difficulties and their mutual friendship left a deep and warm impression on me, and at the same time, I was affected.

The vivid images of the characters in the article are also displayed in front of our readers. You see: the foresighted Golden, the kind and loving Bolian, the brave and strong Denoban, the capable Mao Ke... The twists and turns of the storyline make us marvel, and our hearts rise and fall with the story. The immersive feeling generated is like actually going to the island where fifteen teenagers have lived for more than a year...

We should learn from the unity and friendship of teenagers! Although I know that this is just a science fiction novel, this book has benefited us a lot and has become our favorite reading.

Edit this paragraph note format

Reading notes means that when people encounter something worth recording and their own thoughts and experiences while reading books or articles, they can write it down anytime and anywhere. A style of writing that came down. The ancients have a famous experience in reading and studying, which is that reading should be done with the eyes, the mouth, the heart, and the hands. This "hand" is reading notes. After reading an article or a book, you should write reading notes according to different situations. Commonly used forms are:

(1) Outline form

The purpose is to remember the main content of the book. By writing a content outline, clarify the main and secondary content.

(2) Excerpt type

Mainly to accumulate vocabulary and sentences. You can excerpt beautiful words, wonderful sentences and paragraphs for future reading, memorization and application.

(3) Imitation style

In order to apply what you have learned, you can imitate the wonderful sentences and paragraphs that you have excerpted, so as to learn how to apply them.

(4) Commentary

It is mainly to comment on the characters and events in the reading to affirm its ideological and artistic value. It can be divided into book title, main content, and comments.

(5) Experience style

In order to write down what you feel most deeply, write down what books you have read, which content in the book has taught you the most, and write down your feelings in connection with the actual situation. . That's random.

(6) Doubtful type

It is mainly to record the difficult problems encountered during reading, write them down while reading, and then ask them separately in the future to achieve the purpose of understanding.

(7) Abbreviated form

In order to remember the outline of the story, after reading a long article, you can grasp the main content and abbreviate it into a short article.

The above forms can be gradually mastered from the shallower to the deeper.

People, people will eat each other, which means the world will be destroyed. ...Those who protect the country are their rulers and ministers, and those who eat meat seek it out; those who protect the world are inferior to ordinary people, but how can they be noble? ...

The reading notes written in "Rizhilu" are called Kaishan Casting Copper. They often quote many books to draw a conclusion from them. If I were to copy all the books cited, there would be too many and would be inappropriate, so I would have to excerpt one conclusion. Gu Yanwu came to this conclusion from a lot of materials. The "subjugation of the country" he mentioned refers to the change of dynasty, so it is only a matter of the monarchs and ministers of that dynasty, and the official titles of that dynasty should be considered. "Meat-eaters" refer to officials.

Edit this paragraph's note classification< /p>

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