1. Original text

I, Zheng Zhi, learned to be a Gai. After three years of mastering the art, there was a severe drought. The Gai was useless, so I abandoned it and learned to be a Jumei. Three years later, after the art was completed, it rained heavily and the tangerines were useless, so it was still a cover. Not long after, robberies started, and all the people changed their uniforms into military uniforms, but few used the covers. If you want to learn to be a soldier, you will be old.

The more good farmers are, the more they dig fields to grow rice, they will suffer from waterlogging in three years. People say that it is better to drain water and plant millet, but this is not true, and it remains the same. There was a severe drought in that year, which lasted for three consecutive years. If you think about what you gain, you will pay for what you have lost and you will win.

So it is said: "A drought brings a boat, and a heat brings a coat. This is a famous saying in the world!"

2. Translation

A countryman of Zheng State learned it I have been making rain gear for three years, but when there was a severe drought, it was of no use, so I gave up and learned to make tools at the well to help people carry water. I studied for three years but it rained heavily and it was no longer useful. So he went back and made the rain gear again. Soon thieves started to appear in large numbers, and people all wore military uniforms (military uniforms can keep out the rain), but few people used rain gear. He wanted to learn to make weapons, but he was old and couldn't do it anymore.

There was a man in the State of Yue who was good at agriculture. He reclaimed wasteland and cultivated fields to grow rice. However, he encountered floods every three years. People said that the land should be drained and planted with millet instead, but they refused to listen and continued to grow as before. There was another two years of drought. He calculated the harvest and found that there was still a surplus to make up for the previous poor harvest. Therefore, it is said: "It is necessary to prepare ships when there is a drought, and to sew fur clothes when it is hot. It is really a famous saying in the world.

3. Source

From "Yu Ion" by Liu Ji (Liu Bowen) Extended information

1. Introduction to the work

"Yu Li", Yu, has a literary appearance; Li, one of the Eight Diagrams, represents fire; Yu Li means civilization. It is said that if the future generations of the world use these words, they will be able to achieve civilized governance. The ideological content is based on Tao and combined with the metaphysical application of Confucianism, which is quite the essence of Zhuangzi's "Longmenzi" written by Jiajing Bingchen and Song Lian. "Ning Dao Ji" was engraved in Kaifeng.

Liu Ji believes that all things have a way, and the way is irreversible; 2. Things have two poles, and opposites are unified; 3. Reasons are different, and the essence is explored; 4. Wisdom wins. Use force to know what is unknown; fifth, use things to reason, and think with images.

"Yu Ion" is Liu Bowen's nickname, and Liu Ji wrote "Yu Ion". When he was 47-50 years old, he experienced the ups and downs in the officialdom of the Yuan Dynasty. It was at the lowest point of his life, which made him depressed and unable to realize his ambitions for half of his life. Later, he was deprived of military power and abandoned his official position. He retired to his hometown of Qingtian Mountains and wrote "Yu Li" with great enthusiasm.

Not long after the book was completed, he left home and became Zhu Yuanzhang's trusted advisor, assisting Zhu Yuanzhang in establishing a unified Ming Dynasty.

< p> "Yu Li" not only reflects Liu Bowen's ideas of governing the country and bringing peace to the people as a politician, but also reflects his views on talents, philosophical thoughts, economic thoughts, literary achievements, moral character and profound knowledge. In the process, Liu Bowen's entire ideological system, especially his views and opinions on social and political aspects, became more mature and systematic.

2. Introduction to the author

Liu Ji (1311-7). 1st - May 16th, 1375), named Bowen, was born in Nantian Township, Qingtian County, Chuzhou (now Wencheng County, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province), so he was called Liu Qingtian. He was a military strategist, politician and writer in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties. , the founding father of the Ming Dynasty. He was granted the title of Uncle Chengyi in the third year of Hongwu (1370), so he was posthumously given the posthumous title of Grand Master in the ninth year of Emperor Wuzong's reign, and later generations called him Liu Wencheng and Wencheng Gong. > During the Yuan Dynasty, he was promoted to Jinshi. He was well versed in classics and history, and was especially good at Xiangwei's studies. In the 19th year of Zhizheng (1359), Zhu Yuanzhang heard about Liu Ji and Song Lian and sent him a letter. He stated the Eighteen Strategies for Current Affairs and was highly favored. He participated in the planning of the pacification of Zhang Shicheng, Chen Youliang and the Northern Expedition to the Central Plains. In the first year of Wu Dynasty (1367), he entered the "Wushen Datong Li" to request legislation to prevent indiscriminate killings. p>

After Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne, he petitioned for the establishment of a military and military law, and also asked for an order to establish the capital in Fengyang. Shi. ??In the fourth year, Liu Ji stayed in the countryside without a trace, but he drank and played chess without talking about his achievements. He went to Beijing to apologize for his old regrets. He stayed in Beijing and did not dare to return, because he was worried and angry. Hu Weiyong sent a doctor to visit him for eight years, and sent an envoy to protect him when he returned. He died in one month. Liu Ji was proficient in astronomy, art of war, mathematics, etc., and was especially good at poetry. The poems are simple and majestic, and there are many works that criticize the corrupt rulers and sympathize with the suffering of the people.

His works are all included in "Collected Works of Chengyibo".

Liu Jizuo and Zhu Yuanzhang brought peace to the world, and discussed the safety of the world. His righteousness was reflected in his appearance. When faced with emergencies, he worked hard with courage and made plans that no one could predict. Zhu Yuanzhang repeatedly called Liu Ji: "My son's wife." In the history of literature, Liu Ji, Song Lian and Gao Qi are also known as "the three great poets of the early Ming Dynasty".

There is a widely circulated saying among Chinese people that "Zhuge Liang divided the world into three parts, and Liu Bowen unified the country; Zhuge Liang, the military advisor of the former dynasty, and Liu Bowen, the military advisor of the later dynasty" are widely circulated among the Chinese people. He is famous for his uncanny calculations and strategizing.

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Baidu Encyclopedia-Liu Ji