Zu Chongzhi of the Southern Dynasties, under extremely primitive conditions at the time, performed a large number of complex calculations on small pieces of bamboo. Over and over again, after countless failures, he finally became the first in the world to accurately calculate the circumference of pi. The seventh decimal place.

Sima Qian: After enduring the torture of castration and prison, he did not give up on himself and wrote the historical masterpiece "Historical Records" that will be famous throughout the ages.

Qu Yuan: When he was young, he ignored the objections of his elders and hid in a cave to secretly read the Book of Songs no matter it was windy, rainy or freezing. After three full years, he read 305 chapters of "The Book of Songs", absorbed rich nutrition from these folk songs, and finally became a great poet

Kuang Heng is a Westerner, born in a Poor peasant family. He has loved reading since childhood. He had to work during the day and didn't have much free time. He wanted to study at night, but was too poor to light a lamp, which made him very distressed. Later, he found that his neighbor's house had lights every night, so he thought of a way. Because there was only a wall between the neighbor's lighted house and his living room, so he cut a small hole in the wall. Sure enough, the light came through the small hole. He jumped for joy. From then on, he squatted at the foot of the wall every night, reading with this ray of light. It was not until the neighbor's house turned off the lights that he went to sleep contentedly.

Not long after, another problem occurred: the few books he had had already been read by heart, but he never had the money to buy new ones. He borrowed them from others who had books, but he often ran into problems. , he began to worry again.

There was a local rich man named "Wen Bu Shi" who had a lot of books at home. Kuang Heng asked someone to introduce him to the Wen family as a long-term worker. When he arrived at Wen's house, he worked hard without paying a penny. The "illiterate" thought it was strange, so he asked Kuang Heng: "Why do you work voluntarily without being paid?"

"I work for you for no other reason than to lend you the book." "I, let me read well." "Wen Shishi" agreed to his request. As soon as Kuang Heng got a wealth of books, he was like a person who hasn't eaten for several days getting delicacies. He read and read greedily and with relish, finishing one volume and then another.

As time went by, he finally became a famous scholar.

Wang Xizhi has been passionate about calligraphy since he was a child. He has been practicing hard for decades, and finally his calligraphy art has reached an extraordinary peak, and he is known as the "Sage of Calligraphy".

Wang Xizhi practiced calligraphy very hard, even eating and walking. He really practiced calligraphy all the time. Without pen and paper, he just scratched on his body. Over time, his clothes were scratched. Sometimes I practice calligraphy to the point of forgetfulness. Once, when he was practicing calligraphy, he forgot to eat. When his family brought the meal to the study, he dipped it in ink and ate it without thinking, and found it very delicious. When the family found out, their mouths were full of black ink.

Wang Xizhi often wrote in the pond and washed his inkstones in the pond. After a long time, the water in the pond ran out of ink, so it was called "Mochi". Now there are scenic spots called "Mochi" in places such as Lanting in Shaoxing, Xigushan in Yongjia in Zhejiang, and Guizong Temple in Lushan.

Mr. Lu Xun studied seriously since childhood.

When he was a teenager, he studied at Jiangnan Naval Academy. He had excellent grades in the first semester and was awarded a gold medal by the school. He immediately took it to the streets of Nanjing's Drum Tower and sold it, then bought a few books and a bunch of red peppers.

Whenever it was cold at night and he couldn't bear to read at night, he would pick off a chili pepper, put it in his mouth and chew it, which made him sweat on his forehead. He used this method to keep away the cold and insist on studying.

As a result of studying hard, he finally became a famous litterateur in our country.

Tang Bohu devoted himself to learning painting. Tang Bohu was a famous painter and writer in the Ming Dynasty. He showed superhuman talent in painting when he was a child. Tang Bohu became a disciple of the great painter Shen Zhou. Naturally, he studied harder and more diligently. He quickly mastered painting skills and was highly praised by Shen Zhou.

Unexpectedly, due to Shen Zhou's praise, Tang Bohu, who had always been modest, gradually became complacent. Shen Zhou saw it in his eyes and remembered it in his heart. During a meal, Shen Zhou asked Tang Bohu to open the window. Tang Bohu found that the window under his hand was actually Tang Bohu was very ashamed of a painting by his teacher Shen Zhou, and devoted himself to learning painting from then on.

Zhuge Liang who studied by feeding chickens When he was young, he learned the art of war from Mr. Shui Jing who lived in seclusion in the south of Xiangyang City. Mr. Shui Jing

Mr. Shui Jing raised a rooster. When the rooster crows three times at noon, Mr. Shui Jing ends get out of class. Zhuge Liang was not satisfied with the lecture.

Later, he thought of a way to sew a pocket on his pants, and he would grab a few handfuls of millet and put them in his pocket every day when he went to school. When noon was approaching, he quietly threw a handful of millet outside the window. When the rooster saw the bright yellow millet, he started pecking away without crowing. Just after pecking, Zhuge Liang scattered another handful until all the millet in his pocket was scattered.

When the rooster crowed again after eating the millet in his pocket, Mr. Shui Jing lectured for an extra hour, but the teacher’s wife was starving. After a long time, she couldn’t help but complain a few times: "How can we do this?" It’s late, it’s past noon, and I don’t know how hungry I am!”

“Didn’t you hear the cock crow?” Mr. Shui Jing said.

The master’s wife is a smart person and knows that there must be a secret in it.

As noon was approaching the next day, she quietly came to the yard. Just as the flower-necked rooster was about to stretch its neck and crow, someone threw a handful of millet from the study window. She stepped forward, looked at the matter carefully, and then went home quietly.

When Mr. Shui Jing came back that day, the wife said with a smile: "As a teacher, you are not as good as Xiao Zhuge." So she told Mr. Shui Jing exactly what she had just seen. .

Mr. Shui Jing was startled after hearing this, and then burst out laughing, thinking: Zhuge Liang feeds chickens to study, he is really smart, and he will definitely be an unparalleled genius in the future.

After studying hard, Zhuge Liang finally became an outstanding politician and strategist, and helped Liu Bei establish the Shu Han regime.

"The Cow Commander" - the story of young ***

*** When he was herding cattle with his companions as a boy, he often played on the hillside. When grazing cattle, either the cattle are not full when the time comes, or the cattle run into other people's fields to eat crops. How can we not only ensure that the cattle are herded well, but also allow everyone to have fun? *** discussed a solution with everyone. He organized his companions into three groups: one group looked after the cattle to prevent them from eating the crops; one group cut the grass; and one group went to pick wild fruits. Every day we work in shifts, one day we look after the cattle, tomorrow we mow the grass, and the day after tomorrow we go pick wild fruits. In this way, everyone has his or her own work.

When it was almost noon, everyone returned to the original gathering place. The children who looked after the cows made the cows eat round and round; the children who cut the grass filled a large basket; the children who gathered wild fruits brought back piles of delicious wild fruits from the mountains?

At this time, *** brought grass and fruits and distributed them to everyone reasonably. Sometimes if it wasn't enough, he would give it a little less. If there was any remaining grass, he would tie it with a rope and hang it on a branch. Whoever could jump up and grab it would get it.

With ***, you can not only herd cows well, but also have fun. Therefore, the friends are happy to herd cows with *** and call him "Cow Commander"

Chen Sheng's ambitious ambitions In the late Qin Dynasty, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang rose up together in Daze Township, igniting the first nationwide peasant uprising in Chinese feudal society.

Chen Sheng, also known as Chen She, worked in the fields like oxen and horses all year round when he was young. Once when he talked to several hired workers about his hatred for the ruler at that time, he said: "If any of us becomes rich in the future, , but don’t forget your poor brother!” A friend sneered after hearing this: “We are so poor now, living as hired labor for others, how can we be rich?”

Chen She sighed. Said: "How can small swallows and sparrows know the ambitions of swans?" Much smaller.

Later Chen She finally led the uprising against the violent Qin. Although this uprising failed in the end, under its influence and promotion, people everywhere raised the banner of uprising and finally eliminated the Qin Dynasty. Chen Sheng established indelible achievements in history.

Sima Guang was a child who loved to play and sleep. For this reason, he was often punished by his teacher and ridiculed by his peers. Under his teacher’s earnest teachings, he was determined to get rid of his bad habit of being a sleepy boy. When he got up, he drank a full stomach of water before going to bed. As a result, he didn't wake up in the morning, but wet the bed. So the clever Sima Guang made a warning pillow out of garden wood. When he turned over in the morning, his head slipped on the bed board. Naturally, He woke up with a start, and from then on he got up early every day to study. With perseverance, he finally became a learned and great writer who wrote "Zi Zhi Tong Jian".

Study Buddhism hard.

Xuanzhang was an eminent monk in the Tang Dynasty. In order to obtain the original text of Buddhist scriptures, Xuanzang left Chang'an in August of the third year of Zhenguan. He traveled thousands of miles to the west to obtain scriptures and finally arrived in India. It took seventeen years and he wrote "Records of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty" has made great contributions to Buddhism, human progress and world civilization.

Learn art.

National hero Yue Fei was born in troubled times, and his family was poor since he was a child. With the support of his neighbors, he studied martial arts with Zhou Tong, a famous Shaanxi master. During this period, he witnessed the broken mountains and rivers and the displacement of the people. He developed the ambition to learn martial arts to serve the country and overcome the difficulties. A feeling of pride and complacency. After practicing hard in the cold and summer, under the careful guidance of the famous teacher Zhou Tong, he finally mastered the Yue Family Robbery, and led Wang Gui, Tang Xian and other partners to join the patriotic torrent of fighting against gold and saving the country.

Mencius was a famous thinker and politician during the Warring States Period. However, Mencius was not a naturally knowledgeable person. When he was young, he was very playful and did not like reading. Later, in order to educate him, Meng's mother moved three times and cut pieces of cloth to teach him. Finally, Mencius understood that if you want to become a talent, you must work hard and diligently.

Confucius (551 BC - 479 BC) was a thinker, politician, educator and founder of the Confucian school in the late Spring and Autumn Period. A native of Zouyi (now southeast of Qufu, Shandong) of the state of Lu. He once revised "Poems" and "Books", settled "Li" and "Music", prefaced "Book of Changes", and wrote "Spring and Autumn". Confucius' thoughts and theories had a profound impact on later generations.

The main words and deeds of Confucius throughout his life were compiled into the book "The Analects" by his disciples and subsequent disciples, which became a classic of the Confucian school in later generations.

Confucius was an educator, thinker, and half-politician, but he was first and foremost an intellectual of high moral character. He is upright, optimistic, and enterprising. He has been pursuing truth, goodness, and beauty throughout his life, and he has been pursuing an ideal society throughout his life. His success and failure are all related to his character. The strengths and weaknesses of his character have influenced Chinese people, especially China's intellectuals, for thousands of years.

Confucius was famous for his eagerness to learn and showed a strong interest in all kinds of knowledge. Therefore, he was versatile and knowledgeable. He was famous at the time and was almost regarded as an omniscient sage. However, Confucius himself Don't think so. Confucius studied impermanence. He worshiped anyone as his teacher who had knowledge and who had things he didn't know. Therefore, he said, "When three people walk together, there must be one who is my teacher."

Confucius's famous sayings

A gentleman is magnanimous, but a villain is always concerned.

Smart and eager to learn, and not ashamed to ask questions.

Confucius’ famous saying: Three armies can seize the commander, but a single man cannot seize the will.

Learning without thinking is a waste, thinking without learning is peril.

Be tireless in learning and teaching.

Three friends are beneficial: friends who are straightforward, friends who are understanding, and friends who are knowledgeable.

When three people walk together, they must have my teacher: choose the good ones and follow them, and change the bad ones.

Confucius’ famous saying

After learning, you will realize your shortcomings; after teaching, you will realize your difficulties. If you know your shortcomings, you can then reflect on yourself; if you know your difficulties, you can then improve yourself.

Isn’t it true that you should learn and practice it over time?

When you see the virtuous, you should reflect on it, and when you see the virtuous, you should reflect inwardly.

I examine myself three times a day.

Learning without thinking is a waste, thinking without learning is peril.

Confucius's famous sayings Zi Gong asked: "How does Confucius call it Wen Ye"? Confucius said: "He is sensitive and eager to learn, and he is not ashamed to ask questions. This is why he calls it Wen Ye." Confucius said: If you review the old and learn the new, you can become a teacher.

Confucius said: When you learn and practice from time to time, it is not as if you have a friend coming from afar. It is not as happy as if someone does not know and is not surprised. It is not like a gentleman.

If you are impatient, you will be in chaos. Da Mou

Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you

Confucius’ famous saying: a basket of food and a ladle of drink, in a back alley, people cannot bear the worries, but they will not change their happiness when they return. Zaihuiye

Isn’t it right to learn and practice it over time? Isn’t it a joy to have friends come from afar? Isn’t it a gentleman if a person doesn’t know but is stunned?

Learning If you don't think about it, you will be in vain; if you think about it without learning, you will be lazy. .

As long as your parents are here, you will have to travel well if you don’t travel far away.

When three people walk, they must have my teacher: choose the good ones and practice them, and change the bad ones.

Confucius is known as the "Sage of Heaven" and the "Muduo of Heaven". He was one of the most erudite scholars in the society at that time. He was respected as the Saint of Confucius, the Holy Saint, and the Holy Saint by later rulers. The first teacher, the eternal teacher, Emperor Wenxuan, King Wenxuan, is the first among the "Top Ten Cultural Celebrities in the World". Confucius's main ideological propositions are: "Benevolence" (the core of Confucius' thought), "De" (educating people with virtue), and "Li" (ruling the country with etiquette).

It is said that he had three thousand disciples and 72 virtuous disciples, and he once led some of his disciples to travel around the world. He once compiled the Spring and Autumn Annals and revised the Five Classics. His Confucian thoughts had a profound impact on China and the world. There are Confucius temples around the world to worship Confucius.

Confucius also often used his modest example to educate his disciples. He once said: "I am not born knowing anything. I just like the experience accumulated by ancient people, and I just want to pursue it very diligently and unrelaxedly." He also said: "When three people walk together, one of them will be accurate." I have a teacher." He also said: "What do I know? I don't know anything. If someone comes to ask me, I will be empty-handed. . ”

Confucius’ students were cooking porridge when they found something dirty falling into the pot. He quickly picked it up with a spoon, and when he was about to pour it away, he suddenly thought that both porridge and rice were hard-earned. So he ate it. Confucius happened to walk into the kitchen, thinking that he was stealing food, so he taught the classmate who was responsible for cooking a lesson. After the explanation, everyone suddenly realized. Confucius said with emotion: "What I saw with my own eyes is not accurate, let alone hearsay."

When Confucius was traveling, he saw three children, two of them were playing, and the other was standing nearby. Confucius felt strange and asked the standing child why he didn't play with everyone else. The child replied: "Playing can hurt people's lives, and playing can also hurt people's bodies. It does no good if they tear their clothes. So I don't play with them. What's so surprising about this?" After a while, the child used The dirt was piled up into a castle, and he sat inside without coming out or making way for Confucius. Confucius asked again: "You are sitting inside, why don't you give way to the cars?" "I have only heard that the cars have to go around the city, but I have never heard that the castle has to avoid the cars!" The child said.

Confucius was very surprised. He thought it was amazing that such a young child could speak so well, so he said, "You know a lot at such a young age." The child said, "A fish can swim in three days, a rabbit can run in three days, and a horse can run in three days." You can walk in three days. These are all natural things. What's the big or small thing?" Confucius couldn't help but exclaimed: "Okay, now I know how amazing young people are!"

Confucius's mother When he was just three years old, he was taught to read and read. By the time he was four, he could read more than a hundred words.

One day, his mother said: "Can you recite the words I taught you yesterday?"

Confucius said: "I have remembered them all."

Mom said: "Okay, I will test you tomorrow morning."

Confucius was sleeping with his brother. That night, he got into bed and said to his brother: "Brother, have you remembered all the words your mother taught you?"

My brother said: "I have remembered them all. What about you?"

Confucius said: "I have practiced it many times, and maybe I have memorized it, but I am not sure yet. My mother will take a test tomorrow morning. If I fail, I will be very sad and sad." No, I have to get up and practice more." My brother was moved by his spirit of studying hard and being filial to his mother, and said distressedly: "It's cold, don't get up and practice, just write on my stomach. Well. I can tell what's right and what's wrong, so I can check what you wrote!" So, little Kongqiu started writing on his brother's chest. Every time you write a word, read it out loud. But the voice became softer and softer, and when he finished writing the last word, the voice could no longer be heard. After checking his last word, my brother listened to his even breathing, looked at his sweet and smiling sleeping face, and smiled with both heartache and affection. Early the next morning, during his mother's assessment, he passed the exam. His mother was pleasantly surprised and said: "This child is really amazing. I taught him so many words the day before yesterday, and after only one day, he is so familiar with it. He will definitely be able to do great things in the future!" Confucius looked at his mother's delighted face and smiled happily. However, this smile was accompanied by two lines of tears. The elder brother standing next to him understood him deeply and knew that behind his superhuman talent was his younger brother's perseverance and hard work.