"Drunken Flowers, Thick Mists, Clouds, and Everlasting Days" is a work by Li Qingzhao, a female poet in the Song Dynasty. This poem was written by the author after his marriage. By describing the scene of the author enjoying wine and chrysanthemums on the Double Ninth Festival, it creates a desolate and lonely atmosphere and expresses the author's loneliness and loneliness of missing her husband. The following is the original text and translation of Li Qingzhao's "Drunken Flower Yin·Misty Clouds and Everlasting Day" that I have compiled for you. You are welcome to learn from it and refer to it. I hope it will be helpful to you.
Original text:
"Drunk Flower Yin·Misty and Thick Clouds Worry about the Everlasting Day"
Thick mist and thick clouds worry about the eternal day, and the auspicious brain eliminates the golden beast. It's the Double Ninth Festival and it's the Double Ninth Festival. The jade pillow and gauze cupboard are cool in the middle of the night.
After dusk when I drink wine in Dongli, there is a faint fragrance filling my sleeves. There is no way to lose one's soul. The west wind blows behind the curtain, and people are thinner than yellow flowers.
Translation:
The mist is thick, the clouds are thick, the days are sad, and dipterocarp incense lingers in the golden beast incense burner. It's the Double Ninth Festival again, and I'm lying in a gauze tent with jade pillows, and the cool air in the middle of the night has just soaked my whole body.
Drinking by the east fence until dusk, the faint fragrance of yellow chrysanthemum filled my sleeves. Don't say that Qingqiu is not depressing. The west wind rolls up the bead curtain, and the people inside the curtain are even thinner than the yellow flowers.
Notes:
It says: "Ancient and Modern Ci Tong" and others wrote "ambience", and "Quanfang Beizu" wrote: "yin". Yongday: The long day.
Ruinao: the name of an incense. Also known as borneol, borneol. Eliminate: One book is "sold", "Hua Cao Cui Bian" and others are "sprayed". Golden Beast: A copper incense burner in the shape of an animal.
Double Ninth Festival: The Double Ninth Festival falls on September 9th of the lunar calendar. "The Book of Changes" uses "nine" as the yang number, and the sun and the moon are both yang numbers, and they overlap each other, hence the name. This is an ancient festival. Nanliang Yu Jianwu's "Nine Days of Serving Banquets and Fun in the Garden": "The fresh air surrounds the wind and brings longevity to the Double Ninth Festival."
Gauze kitchen: a gauze tent to prevent mosquitoes and flies. "Huanxi Sha" by Zhou Bangyan of the Song Dynasty: "The thin gauze cabinet looks empty, and the mat pattern is like hibiscus soaked in water." The cabinet, "Tong Guan Yi Pian" and other works are used as "windows".
Liang: "Quan Fang Bei Zu" and other works are "Autumn".
Dongli: generally refers to the place where chrysanthemums are picked. Tao Yuanming's "Drinking Poems": "Pick chrysanthemums under the eastern fence, and you can see the Nanshan Mountain in a leisurely way." It is a famous line that has been praised in ancient and modern times, so "east fence" has also become a common allusion of chrysanthemums by poets. Tang Wuwu's "Chrysanthemum": "After the east fence swayed, the dense beauty was blown by the cold. The rain shocked the newly demolished, and the frost suddenly opened them all."
Secret fragrance: This refers to the fragrance of chrysanthemums. "Nineteen Ancient Poems: There is a Strange Tree in the Courtyard": "Climb the bar to break its glory, and you will miss it. The fragrance fills your sleeves, and the road is too far to reach it." Its meaning is used here.
ecstasy: describes extreme sorrow and sadness. Eliminate: one means "sale".
West wind: Autumn wind.
Compared with: "The Collection of Flowers and Grasses" and other works are "similar". Yellow flower: refers to chrysanthemum. "Book of Rites·Yue Ling": "Ju has Huang Hua". Ju, originally used chrysanthemum. "September 9th" by Wang Ji of the Tang Dynasty: "Suddenly seeing yellow flowers vomiting, I know that Su Jie has returned."
Author's life:
Li Qingzhao was born in a family of scholar-bureaucrats who loved literature and art. His father, Li Gefei, was a member of Jinan Li family. He was a student of Su Shi and was a member of the Ministry of Rites. He has a rich collection of books, is good at writing, and is good at writing and writing. The first square stone inscription from the south on the north wall of the East Room of the Confucius Hall in Qufu now reads: "Li Gefei was punished by Li Gefei, and on the 28th of the first month of the first year of Chongning (1102), he led the Guo, Jiong, Yi, Yuan, Mai, pay homage to Lin Zhong. "My mother is the granddaughter of the number one scholar Wang Gongchen, and she is very literary.
Inheriting family learning
Li Qingzhao lived in a family with a strong literary atmosphere since he was a child. He was influenced by his family's education, and he was intelligent and talented. The name of the poem is "brilliant and talented, approaching the predecessors" (Wang Zhuo's "Bi Ji Manzhi"), which was highly praised by Chao Buzhi (also known as Wu Jiu), a famous literary figure at the time and Su Shi's eldest disciple. Zhu Bian's "Fengyuetang Poetry Talk" says that Li Qingzhao was "good at literature and particularly skilled in poetry. Chao Wujiu often praised him as a poet among scholar-bureaucrats."
The forty-sixth volume of "Shuo Yong" quotes "Rui Guitang Xia Lu" and calls her "highly talented and knowledgeable, with a modern ethics". Zhu Yu praised her in the separate volume of "Pingzhou Ke Tan" for her "classic poetry and prose, worthy of being an ancient author."
When Li Qingzhao was a boy, he lived with his father in Bianjing. The elegant living environment, especially the bustling scene of Kyoto, inspired Li Qingzhao’s creative enthusiasm. In addition to writing poems, he began to make a name for himself in the world of poetry. He wrote the famous poem "Ru Meng Ling" (It rained and the wind blew suddenly last night) that was widely read by later generations. As soon as this word came out, it caused a sensation in the entire capital. "At that time, all the scribes praised it and praised it, and there was no one who could teach it" (Volume 54 of "Yao Shan Tang Wai Ji").
After Li Qingzhao read the famous poem "Reading the Stele of Ode to Zhongxing", he immediately wrote two amazing Japanese poems "Poems in Ode to Zhongxing in Wuxi and Zhang Wenqian". This poem comments on the ups and downs in a vertical and horizontal manner, summarizing the historical lessons of the ups and downs before and after the "An-Shi Rebellion" in the Tang Dynasty. By mocking Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty, he warned the rulers of the Song Dynasty that "Xia and Shang have learned lessons and should be careful, and the history of simple policies is still there." For a young girl who was new to the world to express such deep concerns and worries about the country and the country, the world cannot help but be impressed. Therefore, "Qingbo Magazine" of Zhou Dynasty in the Song Dynasty believed that these two poems "were written with women in the bathroom. How can they be written by those who are deeply thoughtful?" Chen Hongxu's "Han Ye Lu" of the Ming Dynasty commented on these two poems: "The strange energy is overflowing, and after tasting the tripod, it is known as hump and lin preserved meat."
Qin, Se and Chords
In the first year of Jingguo's reign (1101), the first year of Emperor Huizong's founding of the Song Dynasty, Li Qingzhao was 18 When he was 21 years old, he married Zhao Mingcheng, a 21-year-old Taipei student, in Bianjing. According to Li Qingzhao's "Preface to the Records of Jinshi": "Yu Jianzhong Xinsi first returned to the Zhao family." At that time, Li Qingzhao's father was a member of the Ministry of Rites, Wai Lang, and Zhao Mingcheng's father was a minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, both of whom were senior officials in the imperial court. Although Li Qingzhao and his wife were "children of a noble family", "Zhao and Li were poor and frugal". Therefore, Zhao Mingcheng, who was studying in Taixue, often went to the pawn shop first when he took leave to go home to reunite with his wife on the first and fifteenth day of the new year. They pawned a few pieces of clothing in exchange for a little money, and then walked into the bustling Xiangguo Temple market to buy back their favorite inscriptions and fruits, and the couple "played and chewed each other". The ancient and mysterious inscriptions lead them to a distant historical era and bring them a unique cultural and artistic enjoyment, making them feel as if they are in a carefree ancient period, so they "call themselves the people of the Getian family."
In the next two years, Zhao Mingcheng entered the official career. Although he had independent financial resources, the couple still lived a very frugal life, and set the goal of "expanding the world's ancient literature and wonders in a poor and remote area." The ambition of the word". Although the Zhao family's collection of books is quite rich, it is far from enough for Li Qingzhao and Zhao Mingcheng. So they tried their best to borrow rare and rare books and secret books collected by the imperial palace through relatives and friends, "trying their best to pass them on and write them down, soaking in the taste and can't help themselves". When encountering famous calligraphers and paintings, as well as rare artifacts from three generations, they even hesitated to "take off their clothes and trade them". However, their power is limited after all. Once, someone offered a "Peony Picture" by Southern Tang painter Xu Xi for sale and demanded 200,000 yuan. They stayed at home to enjoy it for two nights and couldn't put it down. However, I had no idea, so I had to reluctantly return it to the family. For this reason, "the couple spends several days looking at each other in despair." Although the newly married life is poor, it is quiet, harmonious, elegant and interesting, and full of happiness and joy.
Unfortunately, the good times did not last long, and the fierce old and new party struggles within the court involved the Li family. In July of the second year after Li Qingzhao's marriage, which was the first year of Chongning (1102), Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty, his father Li Gefei was included in the Yuanyou Party and was not allowed to hold office in the capital. At that time, there were 17 people listed as party members. Li Gefei was ranked fifth and was dismissed from the post of Jingdong Road Prison. In September, Huizong personally wrote a list of Yuanyou party members, which was engraved on the stone Duanli Gate. There were 120 people, and Li Gefei was ranked twenty-sixth. In the same year, Zhao Tingzhi was promoted all the way. In June, he was dismissed as Shangshu Youcheng, and in August he was dismissed as Shangshu Zuocheng. In order to save his father from danger, Li Qingzhao once wrote a poem to Zhao Tingzhi. In this regard, Zhang Chang said: "(Uncle Wen wrote a poem to Zhao Tingzhi) to save his father and said: 'How much more the love between father and son in the world'? Those who know it will mourn it." (Preface to "Luoyang Famous Garden") Chao Gongwu also said: "(Ge Feinv) was famous for her talent, and her uncle Zhengfu (tingzi) was in the Huizong Dynasty. Li Shi wrote a poem saying: 'The hot hand can be hot but the heart can be cold'." ("Junzhai Reading Chronicles") Unfortunately, it didn't work. .
After being dismissed from office, Li Gefei had no choice but to return to his hometown of Mingshui with his family.
The party struggle in the imperial court intensified, and Li Gefei was accused of being a "Yuanyou party member" and Li Qingzhao was implicated. In September of the second year of Chongning (1103), Gengyin issued an edict banning the children of Yuanyou party members from living in Beijing; "This Chronicle") In the third year of Chongning (1104), "Xia, April, Jiachenshuo, the children of the Kanhui party in Shangshu Province were ordered to live outside without permission, regardless of whether they were officials or not." (" "Xu Zi Zhi Tong Jian" Volume 88). According to this, Li Qingzhao and Zhao Mingcheng, the originally loving couple, not only faced the risk of being separated, but also the huge Bianjing no longer had a place for Li Qingzhao to establish himself. He had to leave Beijing alone and return to his hometown to join the people who were deported first. family.
The political situation is changing and the world is unpredictable. In the late spring of the fourth year of Chongning (1105), Zhao Tingzhi began to remove Shangshu Youpu She and Zhongshu Shilang. In June, "(because) he was fighting for power with (Cai) Jing and repeatedly reported his evil deeds, and asked him to leave his post to avoid him", so he was sick and begged to be dismissed by his right servant ("History of the Song Dynasty? Biography of Zhao Ting"). Just over half a year later, in February of the fifth year of Chongning (1106), Cai Jing was dismissed as prime minister, and Zhao Tingzhi was granted the title of Shangshu Youpuse and Zhongshu Shilang. At the same time, the imperial court destroyed the "Monument of Yuanyou Party Members", and then issued a general amnesty and lifted the ban on all party members. Li Gefei and others "also ordered the Ministry of Officials and the Supervisory Temple to send dispatches" (Volume 20 of "Xu Zi Zhi Tong Jian Supplement" 6), Li Qingzhao was also able to return to Bianjing to reunite with Zhao Mingcheng. However, in the first month of the first year of Emperor Huizong's reign (1107), Cai Jing returned to the throne, and ruthless political disaster befell the Zhao family again. In March, Zhao Tingzhi died of illness five days after being shot by his right servant. Three days after his death, he was framed by Cai Jing. Family members and relatives in Beijing were arrested and imprisoned. Because there were no facts, they were jailed in July and released soon after. However, Zhao Ting's gifted official was chased away, and his son's Yinfeng official was lost as a result, making it difficult for the Zhao family to continue to live in the capital. Li Qingzhao had no choice but to return to his private residence in Qingzhou with the Zhao family and began a life of hiding in the countryside.
Li Qingzhao and Zhao Mingcheng lived in Qingzhou since the autumn of the first year of Daguan (1107) of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty. The following year, when Li Qingzhao was 25 years old, he named his room "Gui Laitang" and named himself "Yi'an Jushi".
"Gui Lai Tang" is derived from Tao Yuanming's "Gui Qu Lai Xi Ci". At that time, Chao Buzhi, a litterateur who had highly praised Qingzhao, and Li Qingzhao's father both resigned from office and went into seclusion with party membership, calling themselves "Gui Laizi". Chao Buzhi built the "Gui Qu Lai Garden" in his hometown Mincheng (now Jinxiang, Shandong). The halls, pavilions and pavilions in the garden are all named after words in "Gui Qu Lai Xi Ci" (see Chao Buzhi's "Gui Qu Lai Zi" "Residence in Mingmin City"). Li Qingzhao and Zhao Mingcheng named their study room "Guilaitang" out of their admiration for Chao Buzhi, so they followed him and imitated him. There is a sentence in "Returning to the Lai Xi Ci" that "leans against the south window to show pride, and examines the appearance of Yi An". Qingzhao calls himself "Yi An Jushi", so he should also take the elegant meaning from it. In "Return Hall", although Li Qingzhao and Zhao Mingcheng lost the affluent life in the former palace of the prime minister in the capital, they gained the infinite joy of living in peace and tranquility in the countryside. They supported each other, studied literature, studied and created; they lived frugally, searched for epigraphs and ancient books, and spent a period of rare and beautiful days and months in their lives. In the "Preface to the Record of Jinshi", Li Qingzhao gave a more detailed description of this:
Houping lived in the countryside for ten years, picking up everything he could find, and having enough food and clothing. He guarded two counties and spent all his salary to serve the lead. Every time I get a book, I will proofread it with the author and sign the title of the entire volume. After obtaining books, paintings, Yi and tripods, he also played with them, pointed out defects and diseases, and used one candle at night to guide them. Therefore, the paper notes are exquisite, the calligraphy and painting are complete, and he is the best among calligraphers.
The ancient city of Qingzhou is the heartland of the ancient Qi State. It is an ancient state of cultural relics, with many monuments and ancient artifacts from three generations unearthed from time to time. Zhao Mingcheng and his wife collected a large number of stone carving materials locally, such as the "Zhang Lie Stele of the Eastern Wei Dynasty", the "Stele of the Image of Linhuai King of the Northern Qi Dynasty", and the "Dayun Temple Zen Yuan Stele" written by Li Yong of the Tang Dynasty. The ancient halberds with inscriptions unearthed from Yidu, and the ancient goblets and ancient jues unearthed from Changledan River became their treasures one after another.
In the new autumn of the fourth year of Zhenghe (1114), Zhao Mingcheng inscribed "Photo of Yi An at the age of thirty-one" and said: "His words are clear and elegant, his style is dignified, and we are so worthy to be together when we return." Hidden. During the Jiawu and New Autumn Periods, Defu wrote the title in the Return Hall.
"("Portrait of layman Yi An" and Zhao Mingcheng's inscription are often judged to be fake in recent times. However, according to Wu Jindi's article "A precious information about Zhao Mingcheng and Li Qingzhao" in the second issue of "Journal of Shanghai Normal University" in 1987, the Shanghai Museum Comparing the ink ink of Zhao Mingcheng in the collection of "Ouyang Xiu (Collection of Ancient Records)" with the ink of the inscription in "Portrait", the glyph structure and brushwork of many characters are very similar. Based on this, the article believes that the inscription in "Portrait" is indeed Zhao Mingcheng's handwriting. p>
In the seventh year of Zhenghe (1117), with the help of Li Qingzhao, Zhao Mingcheng basically completed the writing of "Jinshilu". In addition to writing his own preface, he also specially invited Liu Xi, a famous scholar at the time, to write an "After". "Preface". According to history, Zhao Mingcheng wrote "Jinshilu", and Li Qingzhao "also wrote it" (Volume 1 of Zhang Duanyi's "Gui'er Collection")
In the third year of Xuanhe (1121), Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty, Li Qingzhao wrote it. 38 years old. He was still in Qingzhou during the spring and summer. On April 25th and 26th, Zhao Mingcheng visited Yangtian Mountain and carved a name on the stone wall of the cave. Soon he learned that Li Qingzhao had not arrived in Laizhou. In the eighth month of autumn, Qingzhao went to Laizhou from Qingzhou and stayed in a post house. He wrote "Die Lianhua·Wan Zhi Changle Hall to Send Sisters" to express his farewell to the Qingzhou sisters. On August 10th, Qingzhao. When he arrived in Laizhou, he wrote another poem called "Feelings". There is a small preface before the poem: "Xuan and Xinchou arrived in Laizhou on August 10th and sat alone in a room. Everything they had seen in their lives was not at present. There is a ritual rhyme on it, so if you open it with your hands, you can compose a poem based on the rhyme. Occasionally I came across the word "子", and because of its rhyme, I wrote a sentimental poem. "
During his stay in Laizhou, Li Qingzhao continued to help Zhao Mingcheng compile and organize the "Jinshilu", and "at the beginning of assembling the volumes, the strings were tied, and the ten volumes were bundled into one bundle. It was updated every night, often collating two volumes and writing a postscript to one volume "Preface to the Records of Jinshi".
In the seventh year of Xuanhe (1125), Li Qingzhao was 42 years old. Zhao Mingcheng changed his position to Zizhou. Zhao Mingcheng He was awarded the "Leng Yan Jing" written by Tang Bai Juyi and Li Qingzhao.
In the first year of Jingkang of Emperor Qinzong of the Song Dynasty (1126), Li Qingzhao was 43 years old and still lived in Zizhou with Zhao Mingcheng. In the second year of Jingkang of Emperor Qinzong of the Song Dynasty and the first year of Jianyan of Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty (1127), Li Qingzhao invaded the south on a large scale and was captured. The father and son Huizong and Qinzong of the Song Dynasty went north, which was known as the "Jingkang Incident" in history. In May, the Northern Song Dynasty court collapsed. In May, Kang Wang Zhao Gou was located in Yingtian Mansion, Nanjing (today's Shangqiu, Henan Province). He changed the Yuan Dynasty to Jianyan and became Gaozong. The Southern Song Dynasty began. In March of that year, Zhao Mingcheng went south to attend the funeral because of his mother's death in Jiangning (now Nanjing City). In August, he became the deputy economic envoy of Jiangning Province. As the situation in the north became increasingly tense, Li Qingzhao began to sort out the collection and prepare to go south: " Since we cannot carry all the long items, we should first remove the important printed copies of the books, the numerous paintings, and the unrecognizable ancient utensils. Later, he went to check the originals of the calligraphy, the ordinary paintings, and the important utensils. After repeated deductions, he still carried fifteen carts of books to the East China Sea, crossed the Huaihe River, and then crossed the river to Jiankang. " ("Preface to the Records of the Inscriptions and Stones") In December, Qingzhou mutiny, the county governor Zeng Xiaoxu was killed, and the remaining books in Qingzhou were burned. (Li Qingzhao recorded this in the "Preface to the Records of the Inscriptions and Stones": "The old place in Qingzhou, Shang Suo There are more than ten rooms for the book, and it will be carried on a boat next year. In December, the Jin people fell into Qingzhou. "The text here may have been incorrectly copied or copied. The historical fact should be "Qingzhou Mutiny".)
When Li Qingzhao escorted 15 carts of books and utensils to Zhenjiang, he encountered Zhang Yu and captured Zhenjiang Mansion. Qian Boyan, the defender of Zhenjiang, abandoned the city and left (Volume 101 of "Xu Zi Zhi Tong Jian" ), but Li Qingzhao used his great wisdom and courage to deliver these rare treasures to Jiangning Mansion in the spring of the second year of Jianyan (1128).
After arriving in Jiangning, Li Qingzhao visited the city every snowy day. Looking far away to find poems. Volume 8 of "Qingbo Magazine" of Zhou Dynasty said: "I heard from the Yi'an tribe that during the Jiankang day, Yi'an would wear a hat and a raincoat and walk around the city every day when it snowed heavily. Looking for poetry. When I get the sentence, I will invite my husband to join him, and I will show my sincerity to him every time he suffers. "The compromise and surrender faction headed by Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, under the pretext of the difficult times, refused to allow the main war faction to advance northward to the Central Plains, insisting on peace.
Li Qingzhao was very dissatisfied and repeatedly wrote poems to satirize him. He once said, "I am still timid when I come to the south because the Wujiang River is cold, but I should be sad when I go hunting in the north because the water is cold."
In February of the third year of Jianyan (1129), Zhao Mingcheng stopped guarding Jiangning. In March, he and Li Qingzhao "went to Wuhu in a boat, entered Gushu, and lived on the water of Ganxi" ("Preface to the Records of Jinshi"). When the boat passed the Wujiang River and the king of Chu committed suicide, Qingzhao wrote "quatrains" in memory of Xiang Yu. Xiang Yu was willing to die and led the Wujiang River to express his gratitude to Jiangdong's father, which satirizes the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty. In May, when he arrived in Chiyang (now Guichi, Anhui), Zhao Mingcheng was ordered to know Huzhou. Li Qingzhao recalled in "The Preface to the Record of Jinshi" that Zhao Mingcheng would "cross the palace to go to the palace. Then he stayed at his home in Chiyang and went to the call alone. On June 13th, he started to bear the burden. He left his boat and sat on the bank, wearing a ge robe and a scarf, and he was as energetic as a tiger. He looked at the boat and said goodbye, "It is said that there is no urgent matter in the city." The halberd hand responded, "I have no choice but to abandon the baggage first, then the clothes and quilts, and then the books." Scrolls, second-class ancient artifacts, the so-called ancestral artifacts, can be carried by one's own self. They will live and die with you, so don't forget them." Unfortunately, Zhao Mingcheng died in Jiankang on August 18 due to an illness he contracted during the journey.
After Zhao Mingcheng died, Li Qingzhao paid homage to him. The article said: "In the middle of the day, I sigh at Pang Weng's agility; the strong city has fallen by itself, and I feel pity for Qi Fu." (Xie "Siliu Tan Shu") 》Volume 1) After Zhao Mingcheng was buried, Li Qingzhao fell seriously ill. At that time, the country's situation was becoming increasingly urgent. Zhao Mingcheng's sister-in-law, Li Zouquan, served as minister of the Ministry of War and served as a guard to the Empress Dowager in Hongzhou (now Nanchang, Jiangxi). In order to preserve the cultural relics and books left by Zhao Mingcheng, Li Qingzhao sent people to transport luggage to join him. Unexpectedly, in November of that year, the Jin people were trapped in Hongzhou, and the so-called book about crossing the river in a row fell into smoke. Li Qingzhao had no choice but to flee south in a hurry, carrying a small number of lightweight calligraphy and classics. After that, Li Qingzhao once went to live with his younger brother Li Hao, who was the appointed official of the imperial bureau at that time. At this time, there was a secret discussion about Zhao Mingcheng, and there was a so-called "gold award". Li Qingzhao was forced to follow the emperor with all his bronze utensils and other objects, hoping to join the imperial court. During the displacement, most of the remaining cultural relics were lost.
In the spring of the fourth year of Jianyan (1130), Li Qingzhao followed the emperor's footsteps and migrated to eastern Zhejiang. "When we arrived in Taiwan, the guard had escaped. When he left the land, he abandoned his clothes and was taken away to Huangyan. He hired a boat to enter the sea and rushed to the court. He was stationed in Zhang'an. He traveled from Yuzhou to the warm sea and then crossed over." In September, Liu Yu With the support of the Jin people, the puppet Qi regime was established. Li Qingzhao wrote a poem criticizing it: "The two Han Dynasties succeeded Shao, and the new houses were like warts. Therefore, Ji Zhong was scattered, and the Yin and Zhou Dynasties were thin until death." In November, the imperial court dismissed hundreds of officials, and Li Qingzhao arrived in Quzhou.
In March of the first year of Shaoxing (1131), Li Qingzhao went to Vietnam (today's Shaoxing, Zhejiang) and lived in the home of the local Zhong family. His paintings and calligraphy were stolen overnight. She was extremely sad and set up rewards and redemptions. At this point, most of the books and cultural relics were lost.
In the second year of Shaoxing (1132), Li Qingzhao arrived in Hangzhou. The huge pain caused by the loss of all the books and cultural relics, and the ruthless torture caused by the wandering life of escape, made Li Qingzhao fall into a desperate situation of pain and despair. Lonely and helpless, she married Zhang Ruzhou again. Zhang Ruzhou has long coveted her precious collection. When they found out after their marriage that Li Qingzhao didn't have much property in his home, he was greatly disappointed. Then they started quarreling, swearing, and even punching each other. Zhang Ruzhou's barbaric behavior made Li Qingzhao intolerable. Later, it was discovered that Zhang Ruzhou was also guilty of fraud for personal gain and false reporting of statistics to defraud official positions. Li Qingzhao reported Zhang Ruzhou to the official and asked for a divorce. After being found to be true, Zhang Ruzhou was removed from his post and assigned to Liuzhou. Although Li Qingzhao was allowed to divorce, the law of the Song Dynasty stipulated that a wife suing her husband would be sentenced to three years in prison, so she was imprisoned. Later, he was rescued by Hanlin scholar Qi Chongli and other relatives and friends, and was released after nine days of detention. (Li Qingzhao’s remarriage to Zhang Ruzhou has been controversial among later generations of scholars. In fact, it was not uncommon for women to remarry in the early Song Dynasty, and it did not affect Li Qingzhao’s character. Many people in the Song Dynasty talked about this matter, so it should be credible. The ancients argued that it was false (actually the result of being bound by feudal ethics)
Although he experienced the disaster of remarrying a gangster and being divorced and imprisoned, Li Qingzhao’s will to live has not been depressed, and his enthusiasm for poetry creation has become even higher. . After she was freed from personal pain, she turned her attention to national affairs.
In May of the third year of Shaoxing (1133), the imperial court sent Han Xiaozhou, minister of the Privy Council, and Hu Songnian, minister of the Ministry of Industry, to the Jin Dynasty. Li Qingzhao wrote an ancient poem and a rhythmic poem with great passion to see off his second uncle. The poem contains the line "I want to send my blood and tears to the mountains and rivers, and sprinkle them on the soil of Dongshan", which expresses the strong desire to fight back the invasion and regain the lost land, and is full of feelings of caring for the motherland.
In the fourth year of Shaoxing (1134), Li Qingzhao completed the writing of "Preface to the Records of Jinshi". In October, he avoided chaos in Jinhua and wrote "Dama Illustrated Classic" and "Preface", and also wrote "Dama Fu". Although it is a game text, it touches on current affairs. By talking about the game, he quoted a lot of allusions about war horses and the mighty and heroic deeds of resisting evil and killing enemies in history. He enthusiastically praised the wisdom and courage of loyal ministers and generals such as Huan Wen and Xie An, and insinuated that the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty did not recognize good talents. The mediocrity and incompetence of not thinking about resisting the gold, embodying the desire to regain the lost land, expresses the personal emotion of "the old age of the martyrs".
During his stay in Jinhua, Li Qingzhao also wrote the poem "Wulingchun", lamenting the tragic life experience of wandering and being homeless, expressing his sorrow for the ruin of the country, the destruction of the family, and the life of a concubine. He also wrote the poem "Inscribed on the Eight Ode Towers", which laments the decline of the Song Dynasty and laments the difficulty of maintaining the country. The line "the country is left to future generations to worry about" can be regarded as an eternal masterpiece.
Around the thirteenth year of Shaoxing (1143), Li Qingzhao collated and organized Zhao Mingcheng’s posthumous work "Inscriptions on Stones" and presented it to the court. More than ten years ago, around the 26th year of Shaoxing (1156) or later, Li Qingzhao passed away quietly in extreme loneliness and desolation, with longing for his deceased relatives and infinite disappointment that he could not return to his homeland. He was at least 73 years old. age.
Appreciation
Thick mist and thick clouds make the day long. From morning to night, the sky is covered with mist and thick clouds. This kind of gloomy weather is the most disturbing. Feeling depressed and miserable. The weather outside was bad, so I had to stay indoors. One sentence of "Rui Nao Xiaojin Beast" is a transliteration of the scene in the room: She was alone in trance looking at the curling green smoke of Rui Nao incense in the incense burner. She was so bored! It's the Double Ninth Festival again, and the weather is suddenly cool. When I sleep until midnight, the coolness penetrates into the tent and pillows. Compared with the warmth of the boudoir when the couple reunites, it is really different. The first few lines of the film depict the melancholy mood of a young woman in a boudoir who is deeply worried. When she went outside, the weather was bad; when she stayed indoors, she was bored; the days were hard, and the nights were even harder; she couldn't sit still, couldn't sleep peacefully, and it was really hard to catch her breath. The saying "Double Ninth Festival and Double Ninth Festival" has a profound meaning. The ancients attached great importance to the Double Ninth Festival. On this day, relatives and friends gather together, climb high together, wear dogwood and drink chrysanthemum wine. After Li Qingzhao wrote about the loneliness of Ruinao Xiaojin Beast, he immediately followed it with the sentence "Festive Festival and Double Ninth Festival", which obviously had an overtone, implying that on this festive occasion, her husband was not around. There is one less person planting dogwood trees everywhere, how can she not miss her family even more during the festive season! The words "Festival and Double Ninth Festival" have a strong emotional color and prominently express her sadness. The following two sentences: Jade pillow gauze kitchen, the coolness comes through in the middle of the night. How would you feel if your husband is not at home, sleeping alone on a jade pillow, or sleeping alone in a gauze tent? The coolness comes in the middle of the night, which not only makes the weather cooler, but also brings a sense of desolation.
The next part describes the scene of enjoying chrysanthemums and drinking wine on the Double Ninth Festival. Drinking wine and appreciating chrysanthemums is a major part of the Double Ninth Festival. Perhaps to suit the occasion, Li Qingzhao sat in the house all day. It was not until evening that he finally summoned up energy and brought some wine. However, this did not relieve her sorrow, but instead caused greater emotional waves in her heart. The Double Ninth Festival is the Chrysanthemum Festival. The chrysanthemums are in full bloom and beautiful. She drinks wine and admires the chrysanthemums, which makes her whole body covered with the fragrance of the flowers. However, she couldn't help but feel sad. No matter how beautiful and fragrant the chrysanthemums were, they couldn't be given to relatives far away. The sentence "There is a fragrance filling the sleeves" is adapted from the sentence "The fragrance fills the sleeves, and the road is far away" from "Nineteen Ancient Poems", and it implicitly expresses the longing for her husband that she cannot let go. She couldn't help herself and no longer had the desire to drink wine and admire the chrysanthemums, so she hurried back to her boudoir. The sentence "Mo Dao Bu Hui Hun" is written about the strong wind that came in the evening, and the howling west wind lifted the curtains, making people feel a chill. Thinking of the chrysanthemum that I held the wine against just now, the chrysanthemum petals are long and slender, the branches are thin, and the wind is proud of the frost. People feel sad about the autumn farewell and have no way to relieve their sorrow. At this time, I suddenly feel that people are inferior to chrysanthemums. It concludes with the idea that people are thinner than yellow flowers. There are many examples and rich implications.
From the weather to the auspicious golden beasts, jade pillows and gauze kitchens, and chrysanthemums outside the curtains, the poet looks at everything with her melancholy mood, and everything is painted with a layer of sad emotion.
At the same time, it creates a desolate and lonely state of cherishing people in late autumn. The metaphor of wine as a person imitating a yellow flower is directly connected with the overall image of the whole poem. The sentence "The curtain rolls in the west wind" directly renders the environment and atmosphere of the sentence "People are thinner than yellow flowers", which makes people imagine a picture: the beauty on the Double Ninth Festival is alone facing the thin chrysanthemums in the west wind. With the seasonal and environmental atmosphere, people who are thinner than yellow flowers can have a deeper sustenance, and this sentence can be a good sentence that has been passed down through the ages.
Comment
This is a famous Double Ninth Festival poem. The author adds his own strong emotional color to the description of natural scenery, so that the objective environment and the inner emotions of the characters are blended and intertwined. Yellow flowers are used to describe people's haggardness; thinness is used to imply the depth of lovesickness. In the first part of the film, which is about the festival, the sentence "It's cool in the middle of the night and it's coming through" has the key point of the word "through". The two sentences in the next piece, "The curtain rolls in the west wind", have been passed down through the ages. Not only are the meanings of the sentences elegant, but the words "east fence" and "secret fragrance" are used as preludes to the "yellow flowers", which is a wonderful thing that comes naturally.