The terrain in Asia is highly undulating, with the center being high and the surrounding areas being low. There is a row of vertically long festoon-shaped island arcs in the east. With an average altitude of about 950 meters, it is the highest continent in the world except Antarctica. Mountains, plateaus and hills account for about 3/4 of the total area, and 1/3 of the areas are above 1,000 meters above sea level. The world's peaks above 8,000 meters above sea level are all located in the Karakoram Mountains and Himalayas. Plains account for 1/4 of the total area, covering more than 10 million square kilometers. The entire continent is as large as the Pamir Plateau as the center, and a series of tall mountains radiate in all directions to the edge of the continent. Mainly include Tianshan Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Himalayas, Altai Mountains, Hindu Kush Mountains, Alborz Mountains, Taurus Mountains and Zagros Mountains. Among the above main mountain ranges are the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Mongolian Plateau, Iranian Plateau, Anatolian Plateau, Deccan Plateau, Arabian Plateau, Central Siberian Plateau and Tarim Basin, Junggar Basin, Qaidam Basin, etc.

There are vast plains distributed outside the mountains and plateaus, mainly including the Northeast Plain, the North China Plain, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Plain, the Indus Plain, the Ganges Plain, the Mesopotamia Plain, and the Western Plains. Siberian Plain, etc. Asia has the world's highest plateau (Qinghai-Tibet Plateau), mountains and peaks (Everest, 8844.43 meters above sea level), as well as the world's famous plains (West Siberian Plain) and depressions (Dead Sea).

Asia not only has extreme land undulations, but the arc-shaped archipelago on the eastern edge of the continent and the submarine part of the Pacific Ocean also show extreme undulations. The mountains on the archipelago are accompanied by extremely deep trenches. The height difference between the highest peak in Asia and the deepest trench in the adjacent sea is about 20 kilometers.