Start: the title of the roll call

1. The comprehensive application of rhetoric is mostly parallelism.

2. Introduction to Poetry

In the middle:

The content should be innovative and meaningful, and the theme can be selected by the five senses method.

The ending is divided into two paragraphs.

Penultimate paragraph: Point out the main idea of the topic, and it is best to use parallelism.

The last paragraph: name the title and leave a aftertaste. In fact, the composition is not written, but read and imitated. Take reading notes, thank you for understanding. Over time, it will be fine.

How to write a good composition

1, a good article comes from life, write what you see and hear; Write your own personal experience; Write your true feelings, so that the article will be vivid and touching.

2. Writing is not accomplished overnight. But in the face of today's exam-oriented education, we might as well learn some skills. For example, recite more paragraphs at ordinary times, with a good beginning and a good ending. To prepare for the exam.

3. Read more, study hard and learn from it. Good articles, good words and sentences, learn to accumulate.

4. Create a novel and unique article title. Sometimes you can get twice the result with half the effort.

5. Keeping a diary can not only practice writing, but also accumulate materials.

6. Learn to quote famous sayings and immortal poems to make your article more convincing.

7. Usage of good words and sentences. Good words and sentences used in the article can add color to your article and sublimate it. But it should be just right, not too much, too much will appear flashy.

8. apply what you have learned, that is, the ability to change, and change with the same.

I think it is useless to read more books instead of prose. Prose and novels are both acceptable. I recommend reading Zhang Xiaofeng's prose. Her style is fresh and poetic. Reading too much will unconsciously imitate the author's writing.

There is also the need to think more and have your own opinions on the problem, which is helpful for writing philosophical prose.

More argumentative essays should be accumulated, but it is more difficult to get high marks in argumentative essays.

Narrative should be good at discovering life, but I find everything written by my classmates very boring, and I'm afraid it's all made up. But I still got high marks. This should be related to her clear vein, neat handwriting and lively words. Handwriting is really important.

Writing a good composition in the examination room also needs logic. Often write off the topic or top-heavy, or there are not enough words. If you can't arrange the context and structure well, you can't get high marks. You can look at the structural arrangement of excellent compositions and pay more attention to this aspect when you write your weekly diary.

It is best to re-understand vocabulary from another angle. What are nouns for? Nouns are used to record what you can perceive-whether abstract or concrete. What do adjectives stand for? You use adjectives to record your perception of what you can perceive. Where are the verbs? Verbs are used to record the actions of things you can perceive. Finally, what about adverbs? When adverbs modify verbs, they are used to record your perception of what you can feel. When adverbs are used to modify adjectives, they are used to record your perception of what you can perceive. (The content of this minute seems awkward. As long as you punctuate these words accurately and understand them correctly, in just one minute, you will be completely transformed-your perception of words has been very different.

The second minute: grammar

You don't have to be a grammarian, but you should at least know the basic rules. This is just like investing in the stock market, you don't have to be Lynch or Buffett first, and you don't have to be Tsui Hark or Spielberg first to enjoy movies. But at least learn the most basic rules of the game. Chinese or English, a grammar book is enough. After understanding the basic rules, I began to write, using grammar books as maps, looking up whatever I need, and remembering everything if I look up too much-just like going to a place several times without looking up the map. Don't believe that nonsense and say "no need to learn grammar"-whether you are crazy or not is someone else's business. You would rather be a fool and believe in crazy words. That's your problem.

The third minute: logic

Logic should be a hard-won tool unique to human beings in all living things. Aristotle's syllogism is the most basic thing. However, when using logic in life, we have to face "uncertainty" and "complexity". Inevitable syllogism-such as the major premise: everyone will die; A little earlier: Socrates is a man; Conclusion: Socrates is bound to die-it is often meaningless. It is easier to deal with such a situation in life: major premise: politicians are usually unreliable; Minor premise: Obama should be a politician; The conclusion is uncertain and the analysis is complicated: How reliable is Obama? The pursuit of logical accuracy all challenges basically come from whether one dares to face "uncertainty" and "complexity".

Minute 4: Style

Common articles can be divided into at least two parts: literary articles and reasoning articles. These two kinds of articles are very different. Basically, literary articles may be more rhetorical, more wordy, more gorgeous and more unconstrained. But the fundamental purpose of reasoning articles is to make people understand, transmit information, accumulate knowledge and exchange experiences; Therefore, the words used in reasoning articles should be "concise, simple, effective, accurate and specific". Of course, this is not an iron law, and it is not impossible to explain the truth with gorgeous words; On the other hand, it is good to tell a touching story in plain language. But all those who want their thinking results to be effectively expressed, it is best to keep in mind the standard of ten words-just ten words, but it is enough.

Minute 5: Rhetoric

The power of rhetoric is self-evident. Of all the rhetoric, perhaps only analogy is indispensable. The essence of analogy is "in order to make it clear that everyone is unfamiliar with X, first find a familiar 1) and 2) the most similar and closest to X (at least in one aspect), and finally make X self-evident". The primary school teacher said that "the structure of the earth is similar to an egg"; The middle school teacher said that "the structure inside the atom is exactly the same as the structure of the solar system"; For those who give one or two counterexamples to try to oppose a certain point of view, we say, "Any broken clock may be right twice a day" ... These are analogies, and this is the power of analogy: it is a bridge for us humans to leap from ignorance to knowledge. Other rhetorical devices, if you have time to learn, even if you don't have time-there is nothing wrong with being simple at all.

The sixth minute: knowledge.

Words, words, sentences, grammar, style, rhetoric and so on are all means of expression. People who cook skillfully without rice. The meaning of the word "seeking knowledge" is too idealistic. It is better to use another simple expression to "do your homework". To do everything well, you must do your homework in advance. Whether writing a novel or a tutorial, you need to do your homework; The more homework you do, the more you know and the more you can think. When these things reach a certain level, what you write must be thick and textured. In a word, the author didn't do enough homework. Knowledge changes fate, only because for a person, after acquiring new knowledge, his whole world will change. Believe me, your homework is endless.

Minute 7: Communication

Effective expression is only the most basic level, and effective communication is the real purpose. It is not easy to think from multiple perspectives, and it is even more difficult to think from the perspective of people who oppose their own views. But if you can't do this, you can't be a good listener and a good reader. It is an unchangeable truth that output depends on input; Cows can't milk unless they eat grass. Communication is not only for persuasion, but also for getting feedback. There is only one important skill in communication: don't think that you have the same opinion as yourself. In doing so, it is easy to see the preciousness in all kinds of feedback. For those who can't do this, not only advice is hard to hear, but even something pleasing to the eye-pity and sadness.

Eighth minute: practice

Experience needs to be accumulated, and accumulation can only be achieved through practice. The so-called "writing like a god" is wishful thinking that people who can't write articles may believe. Good articles never happen overnight, and good articles always need to be changed. The so-called "inspiration" is also more flashing in practice, and it is unlikely to come out of thin air. The writer writes like a driver. Drivers have to accumulate a certain mileage before they may encounter all possible safety problems, so one day they will have enough experience to avoid all dangers. So is the author. It is impossible to know all the attributes of the text before it is written to a certain extent-it is impossible to know all the attributes of the text through a writing tutorial. Not only should you write more, but you should also do more homework in order to write well. This is the beginning of a virtuous circle.

Ninth minute: skills

Skills are not easy to learn until you know where they can be used. The ten aspects mentioned in this "ten-minute tutorial" all require skills. With some practice, no matter who you are, you will naturally master some skills. But there is one skill that needs to be polished first-the skill of acquiring knowledge: from observation to listening, from reading to ruminating, from reading to taking notes, from using the library to using the search engine, all means of acquiring knowledge need skills, and these basic skills need to be polished constantly. The second is the skill of logical thinking and the third is the skill of communication. These three skills should take precedence over other skills, because it takes time to polish any skill. In the case of limited time, we can only do it according to the weight.

Minute 10: Correction

No one is perfect from the beginning. Just as a good article needs to be revised repeatedly to become a good article, an author also needs to revise himself repeatedly to become a good author. Almost everything needs to be revised, and it needs to be revised repeatedly-as long as time permits. One minute I said that every skill needs polishing, and this minute I want to say that even skills need to be revised repeatedly. Even, sometimes it takes not only courage but also patience and wisdom to completely overthrow everything and start all over again. The reason why it is difficult to keep an open mind is because it contains pain-the pain of swallowing blood with broken teeth (Zeng Guofan's language).

Write in detail and briefly

Determining the priorities and details of materials is an important problem of structure, which plays a guarantee role in expressing the central idea. Detailed writing is to write the materials that have a great relationship with the central idea in detail. Skimming is to write the materials that have little to do with the central idea in a general and brief way. Proper details can make the article clear, focused and compact. Inappropriate details will inevitably lead to unclear priorities of the article, making readers unable to grasp the center.

To deal with detail writing and sketching, we must first meet the needs of expressing the central idea. The central event or theme of the article should be written in detail, and other events and problems should be written briefly; Typical materials should be written in detail, while general materials should be abbreviated. For example, Lu Xun's Hometown is based on the story of "I" returning to my hometown. There are many characters and events to write, but only the story of Runtu and Yang Er's sister-in-law is chosen to write. These two people have another priority. There is only one scene in the story of Yang Er's sister-in-law, which shows her character with a few wonderful words. Writing leap soil is different. The author depicts the lively and handsome image of Runtu when he was young with delicate lyric style, and vividly describes a love affair between "I" and Runtu 30 years ago. Then the author describes in detail the great changes in the face, clothes, movements and personality of the leap soil after leaving for 30 years, tells all kinds of sufferings and misfortunes suffered by the leap soil, and expresses my feelings and hopes. This treatment is entirely determined by the central idea that "it exposes the dark reality that the rural areas are depressed and the people's lives are not good under the oppression of the three mountains, and proves that the rural areas need to be changed and a new road needs to be opened up for the next generation".

Secondly, the details should be decided according to the stylistic nature. The reasoning article focuses on the argumentation part of clarifying the main points. So the reasoning part should be written in detail, and the cited examples should be written slightly. For example, In Memory of Bethune introduces Bethune's glorious deeds in only 74 words at the beginning, and then expounds Bethune's internationalist spirit in detail, pointing out what we should learn from him.

Second, the reasoning should be in-depth. Some comrades discuss things, and it is not easy to tell the "appearance" of things completely with concise strokes, let alone explain the problem from the surface to the inside. Therefore, it is difficult to explain from the outside to the inside, which is a point that most writers can hardly break through in their writing. So, how to achieve this and that, from the outside to the inside? We must practice the skills of "entering" and focus on the following two points. First of all, we should have a comprehensive understanding of things. This is the basic condition for writing an article. The so-called comprehensiveness is to combine the "appearance" and "deep" aspects of things, that is, the superficial "phenomenon" and the deep "logic". Phenomenon is the basis of reasoning. Only when the surface of things is complete can we naturally associate and express them from a deeper level. Therefore, the first step in writing is to complete things from the "surface" and provide a basis for further comments in the "macro" sense.