Qi Yanhuai (1774- 184 1), whose name is Lu Mei, is also known as Yin San. He is the author of twenty-six volumes of Lu Mei's Poetry and Fu, one volume of Cao Nanyi's Comments on Maritime Traffic, four volumes of Polaris Latitude Table, an Introduction to the Celestial Sphere, and one volume of Zhongxing Instrument Theory, all of which are biographies of the Qing Dynasty and have been handed down to the world.

Qi Yanhuai has made great achievements in astronomy and irrigation and water conservancy. The celestial globe is a timing instrument he made according to the astronomical phenomena. European clocks and watches were introduced to China in the Qing Dynasty, and the celestial globe imitated its structure internally, and was driven by clockwork, which automatically operated and was engraved on newspapers.

2. Zhu

Zhu (1 130- 1200), with a dark personality, was called Huian, later called Huiweng and later called Zhu Wengong. Famous Neo-Confucianist, thinker, philosopher, educator, poet, representative of Fujian School, master of Confucianism, Buddha named Zhu Xi.

Zhu is the only person who is not a disciple handed down by Confucius, but likes to visit the Confucius Temple. He ranks among the twelve philosophers in Dacheng Hall and is worshipped by Confucianism. Zhu is a student, a disciple of Cheng Er (Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi), and he is also called a school with Cheng Er. Zhu's Neo-Confucianism had a great influence on the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and became the official philosophy of the three generations. He is another person after Confucius in the educational history of China.

Zhu Zhu is the author of Notes on Four Books and Sentences, Notes on Taiji, Notes on General Books, Readings of Zhouyi, Notes on Chu Ci, etc. Later generations compiled Zhuzi Daquan and Zhuzi Xiang. Among them, "Notes to Four Books and Chapters" became the standard of textbooks and imperial examinations.

3. Jiang Yong

Jiang Yong, cautious and cautious, was a famous Confucian scholar, linguist, mathematician, astronomer, musician and pioneer of Huizhou school in Qing Dynasty.

Jiang Yong is good at textual research, delving into Three Rites and writing Yao Ju, which is quite unique. He has studied phonology, music, astronomy and geography. He is the author of General Records of the Ming Dynasty, Query on General Records, General Examination of Ancient and Modern Calendars, Bibliography of Calendar without Temple, etc. Sikuquanshu has collected more than ten books written by him. Dai Zhen, Cheng and Jin Bang are all his disciples.

4. Zhan Tianyou

Zhan Tianyou (1861April 26, 2009-1965438+April 24, 2009), Han nationality, whose English name is JemeTienYow. 12 years old studied in the United States, 1878 years old was admitted to the Department of Civil Engineering of Yale University, majoring in railway engineering.

He is an expert in modern railway engineering in China and is known as the first chief railway engineer in China. He is responsible for the construction of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway and other projects, and is known as "the father of Chinese railways" and "the father of modern engineering in China".

1905- 1909 presided over the construction of the first railway independently designed and built by China-Zhangjing Railway; The creation of "shaft excavation method" and "herringbone" line shocked China and foreign countries; Great achievements have been made in the planning and construction of Hu Jia, Luotong, Lu Jin, Jinzhou, Pingyi, Xinyi, Chaoshan, Yuehan and other railways. He is the author of Railway Terminology and Brief Introduction of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway Project.

5. wang hong

Wang Hong, the word Xuanzhi, is regarded as the fourth, with the number Cheng Zhai. After four dynasties, he worked in the officialdom for more than 30 years and served 17 all his life. He was the only person in charge of the rights of officers and men in the Ming Dynasty.

Wang Hong was the first strategist in history who advocated "learning from foreigners to control foreigners", created a successful example of learning from foreigners to control foreigners, and won the earliest victory of anti-colonial aggression in China history.