in order to make good use of various biological resources, many scholars have put forward some methods to protect biological resources and make them sustainable? For example, "Mencius" has an understanding of the ability of natural regeneration of forests, and puts forward: "If the axe is loaded into the mountains at the right time, then the wood can't be used?"

the important feature of biological resources is that they can be regenerated. A mature forest community can bear a certain amount of selective cutting and recover quickly as long as it is not excessively cut frequently? This famous saying in Mencius advocates the rational use of resources and has been concerned about the ecological balance of forests?

Xun Kuang also proposed that "it is not too late to cut down and grow". "When the vegetation is flourishing, the axe will not enter the mountains, and it will grow without dying." Further elaborated the resource protection thought in Mencius?

with the gradual improvement of people's understanding, a set of officials and systems for the management and protection of biological resources were gradually formed and perfected during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period? At the end of the warring States period, Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals on Agriculture put forward a relatively perfect concept of legal system, and formulated some appropriate measures by monthly order?

For example, logging is prohibited in the first month; There is no burning forest in February; No mulberry trees were cut in March; No felling of trees in April; May left the people without cutting blue to dye; Trees flourish in June, which means that people are ordered to go into the mountains to walk on trees, and if there is no wood or cut it, they can't make progress; In September, the grass and trees are yellow, but cutting wages for charcoal?

these discourses specify the specific ways to protect biological resources in each month, so as to make good use of resources in a planned way? It may be a synthesis of environmental protection etiquette and laws during the Warring States period, and it has been further popularized?

in p>1975, Chinese archaeologists discovered a number of bamboo slips of the Qin dynasty in Shuihudi, Yunmeng County, Hubei Province.

there is a passage in the "land law" which means: in spring and February, it is forbidden to burn grass as fertilizer, cut newly sprouted plants or hunt young animals? No poisonous fish, no traps and snares are allowed to catch birds and animals, and the ban will not be lifted until July? During the prohibition period, only those who need to cut down trees to make coffins because of death are not subject to this restriction?

this section of Tian Lu is a specific legal provision on the protection of forests and biological resources in the pre-Qin period, and it has many similarities with the above-mentioned literature records, running through the idea of environmental protection?

in a word, the environmental protection in ancient China was mainly carried out around biological resources, and its central content was to emphasize the timely prohibition and sustainable utilization, which was quite reasonable and feasible? These thoughts on the protection of biological resources have been advocated by later generations, which shows that they are full of vitality?