Tang poetry? Qide dance? Bai Juyi
? "Seven Virtues Dance-Beauty Brought Chaos, Chen Wangye also" [1]
"Seven Virtues Dance" and "Seven Virtues Song", from Wude Zhiyuan and [2].
Yuan and Xiao Chen Bai Juyi, who watched the dance and listened to the song, were happy, and the music ended with a humble apology for Chen Qi [3].
Emperor Taizong raised 18 volunteers, and Bai Youhuang set two capitals [4].
If you capture and charge Dou Sihai, you will achieve four successes in twenty [5].
nine out of twenty is the throne, and five out of thirty is the peace.
success depends on how fast you are, and the speed lies in your heart [6].
the remains of the dead are scattered and collected, and the hungry sell their children to redeem them [7].
Wei Zhi dreamed of crying in the middle of the night, and Zhang Jin wept when he heard of it [8].
3, resentful women were released from the palace, and 4 death row inmates came back to prison [9].
cut beard and burn medicine for the hero, and Li Ji whimpered and killed himself [1].
Suck and caress the soldiers with blood, and they will die if they cry for help [11].
when you know that you are not only good at fighting and taking advantage of it, you will be touched by your heart [12].
I've been here for 19 years, and the world has been singing and dancing so far.
there are seven virtues in singing and seven virtues in dancing, and the sage has made a promise [13].
do you glorify SHEN WOO, or do you glorify holy writings [14].
Emperor Taizong was interested in Chen Wangye, and Wang Ye was struggling to show his descendants.
reference note:
[1] Qide Dance: the name of Tang Yuewu. In the seventh year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong personally produced the Picture of Broken Array Music and Dance. Later, Wei Zhi, Yu Shinan and others changed their lyrics and officially changed their names to Qide Dance.
"Seven Virtues" comes from Zuo Zhuan's Twelve Years of Publicity, that is, seven things: forbidding violence, suppressing troops, ensuring the country's prosperity, ensuring the people's safety, being harmonious with the public and enriching wealth.
bring order out of chaos: control troubled times and restore normal stability. Chen Wangye: State the achievements of emperors.
[2] Wude to Yuanhe: Wude is the year number of Tang Gaozu Li Yuan, and Yuanhe is the year number of Tang Xianzong.
[3] kowtow: ancient etiquette: worshippers must kneel on their knees, press their left hands on their right hands, and support them on the ground. Then, they slowly kowtow to the ground, with their hands in front of their knees and their heads behind their hands for a long time. This is the most important etiquette in the "Nine Worship". It is generally used for courtiers to meet the king and worship their ancestors.
[4] Bai Huang Huang Ding Liang Jing: Luo: (mao) A kind of flag, which is made of plowed ox tails and tied to the head of the flag. Yue: (yue) An ancient weapon, made of bronze or iron, with a large shape like a hatchet. Two Beijing: Luoyang and Chang 'an.
[5] Capture and charge Dou Sihaiqing: "Charge" refers to Wang Shichong. "Dou" refers to Dou Jiande.
[6] Rationality: political stability. Confide one's heart to others: giving one's sincere heart to others is a metaphor for treating others sincerely.
[7] Collection of the remains of the dead: In the early years of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong ordered the collection and burial of the remains of all those who died in the war, and buried them after offering sacrifices; Because we couldn't bear to have scattered and unburied bodies, an order was added later, and the government gave cloth and silk thanks to those who received and buried the unclaimed remains.
Hungry people sell their children for redemption: in the second year of Zhenguan, the country had just settled down, and there was a great famine, and parents sold their children because of hunger. Emperor Taizong ordered all the money from the imperial government to redeem the sold children and return them to their parents.
[8] Wei Zhi dreamed of weeping at midnight: Minister Wei Zhi was critically ill, and Taizong was worried about his illness. He dreamed in the middle of the night that Wei Zheng had come to say goodbye, so he woke up and couldn't help crying.
Zhang Jin wept at the news of the death of another sage, Zhang Gongjin. Emperor Taizong personally mourned the death, but he couldn't help feeling sad. A manager said: Now the sun is in the morning, and it's unlucky to cry according to the taboo of Yin and Yang. But Taizong said, we have a deep friendship, like a father and son. My grief comes from my heart, no matter when it is!
[9] 3, resentful women are released from the palace: resentful women refer to women of marriageable age who have no object. "Mencius? Liang Hui Wang Xia: "There is no resentful woman inside, and there is no husband outside."
Taizong once said to his courtiers: I pity the maids in the palace who live in the deep palace. Now let them leave the palace and find a good family to marry! So he ordered his lieutenants to select thousands of ladies-in-waiting and let them go home.
Four hundred death row inmates returned to prison: In the sixth year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong personally managed the prison, and finally it was determined that nearly 4 prisoners were executed there. However, Taizong showed compassion and sent them back to their hometown, asking them to execute the death penalty again next autumn. In the autumn of the following year, all 4 prisoners returned and no one escaped, so Taizong ordered them to be pardoned.
[1] Cut beard and burn medicine for the hero, and Li Ji whimpered and thought about killing himself: Taizong personally fought in his early years, and he was deeply indebted to the generals. Li Ji, a general, was ill for a long time and could not be cured. The doctor said that the dragon beard should be burned with ashes to prepare medicine, so Taizong personally cut the beard. After taking the medicine, Li Ji got better and was moved to sob, demanding to be killed in return.
[11]
[12] Take the opportunity; Take advantage of the situation
[13] Hanging infinity: it will last forever.
[14] Holy writings: the articles and classics left by saints, and the literary virtues of the son of heaven.
Reference:
Seven Virtues Dance and Seven Virtues Song spread from the reign of Emperor Gaozu Wude to Yuanhe. Bai Juyi, a small official in Yuanhe period, realized the profound meaning of music and dance while watching it. After the music ended, he bowed down and told the story in the music and dance:
Emperor Taizong led the teacher of justice at the age of eighteen, and he led an army to capture two capitals with Bai Youhuang; Capture Wang Shichong alive, kill Dou Jiande, wipe out the separatist forces in the whole country, and make the world peaceful. At the age of twenty-four, Taizong unified the world and made great achievements. He became emperor at the age of twenty-nine. At the age of thirty-five, the country was strong and the world was at peace. Why did Taizong pacify the troubled times and stabilize the people so quickly? The reason is that he can be honest with others and treat others sincerely.
He took out cloth and collected the remains of the fallen soldiers for burial, and redeemed the children sold by the hungry people with a large sum of money. In my dream, I cried after parting with Wei Zhi, a good minister, and Zhang Gongjin, a good minister, died. Taizong personally mourned and mourned. Let the marriageable 3, maids out of the palace and let them find a good marriage. Let 4 prisoners return with gratitude, and no one escapes. He cut his beard and burned it into medicine for the hero. Li Ji, the general, was grateful and wanted to kill himself in return. He personally sucked the blood from the arrow wound to comfort the soldiers, and the general Li Simo was moved and shouted for service with death.
Emperor Taizong is not only good at fighting, but also good at adapting to the weather, moving people with sincerity and bringing people back. It has been one hundred and ninety years since then, and the whole world is still singing and dancing to commemorate the deeds of Emperor Taizong. Singing "Song of Seven Virtues" and dancing "Dance of Seven Virtues", the music and dance made by the Lord will be forever spread, which is an endless model for future generations. Is it just to boast about SHEN WOO and Wende? Emperor Taizong handed down this music and dance in order to tell future generations about the deeds and achievements of the emperor, and to pass on the hardships of founding the country to future generations as an eternal model!
explanation and appreciation:
Author: Bai Juyi (772-846 AD), whose word is Lotte, is a great poet in the middle Tang Dynasty after Li Bai. His poems are approachable, clear and fluent, and there is a saying that "an old woman can explain".
His active age was after An Shi Rebellion, when the Tang Dynasty had entered a period of decline, with constant party struggles between the DPRK and China, frequent wars in various places, and people's lives were miserable. He believes that the article should combine the world situation and reflect people's livelihood, so there are a large number of narrative poems, and their vivid storylines and characters are a major feature, including dozens of works about music and dance.
Bai Juyi worships the Buddha. In his later years, he once lived in Xiangshan Temple in Luoyang, calling himself "Xiangshan lay man". During this period, he even accepted fasting with more than 8 believers, praying for reincarnation of Maitreya's Buddhist world in the afterlife. He even left a vow: When the Buddha is in the afterlife, he will go through disasters with cishi and achieve the supreme right path. His works also reflect the meaning of many Buddhist practices and enlightenment.
in terms of content, this poem should have been written in the Yuanhe period of Tang Xianzong (85-82 AD). Bai Juyi felt this poem after watching the Dance of Seven Virtues.
The Dance of Seven Virtues originated from the Music of the King of Qin, which is the most famous large-scale comprehensive court music and dance in the Tang Dynasty. It is based on the original military song "Broken Array Music" in the early Tang Dynasty. In the seventh year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong personally produced the Music and Dance Picture of Broken Array, which made Wei Zhi and Yu Shinan change their lyrics and officially changed their names to Dance of Seven Virtues. After nearly 2 years' circulation, the national strength of the Tang Dynasty has been greatly inferior to that of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. At that time, the music and dance that Bai Juyi enjoyed may not be as vigorous as that of that year, but it still retains its profound cultural meaning from the text. The whole poem describes the literary martial arts of Emperor Taizong's life, and the core lies in Taizong's virtue and touching heart.
Bai Juyi used a vocabulary at the beginning of the text: "kotow". The kowtow is an ancient etiquette. Worshipers must kneel on the ground, press their left hands on the right, and support themselves on the ground. Then, they slowly kowtow to the ground, with their hands in front of their knees and their heads behind their hands. This is the most important etiquette in the "Nine Worships". It is mainly used for courtiers to visit kings and worship ancestors.
Bai Juyi couldn't help kowtowing after watching the music and dance left by the holy king, and stated the story in the music and dance:
Emperor Taizong treated people with heart-to-heart, took cloth and silk to clean up the bones of the fallen soldiers, redeemed the children sold by the hungry people with money, said goodbye to Wei Zhi in a dream, and wept bitterly, arranged for the resentful maids, released the condemned prisoners to go home and let them go back to prison automatically, and burned their beards as medicine for the courtiers .. The Lord's.
Bai Juyi finally realized that the purpose of this song and dance handed down by Emperor Taizong was to tell future generations about the difficulties of founding the country and governing the country, and to spread the enlightenment of the holy king to the world. He saw the enlightenment of the holy king in "Dance of Seven Virtues", so he bowed in awe.
The basic concept of China's music and dance is also reflected in the whole poem. Classical music and dance shows the epitome of history and the model left by the holy king to future generations. The traditional classical music and dance in China has its profound historical meaning, profound cultural background and educational function.