The second is a logistics enterprise transformed from traditional transportation, storage and transportation and wholesale trade enterprises. They rely on the original logistics business foundation and advantages in customers, facilities and business networks, and gradually transform into modern logistics enterprises by constantly expanding and extending their logistics services. Such as Sinotrans Group.
Third, emerging specialized logistics enterprises, such as Baogong Logistics Company in Guangzhou and Huayuntong Logistics Company in Beijing. Relying on flexible competitive strategies and specialized logistics knowledge, these enterprises have developed rapidly in the market competition and become a force to be reckoned with in the development of logistics industry in China.
With the rapid development of logistics enterprises, diversified logistics service forms have also developed to some extent. On the one hand, specialized logistics services have developed rapidly around logistics functions and links such as freight forwarding, commercial distribution, multimodal transport, socialized storage and transportation services and distribution processing. On the other hand, it is a systematic logistics service or full-process logistics service that has just started, that is, logistics enterprises provide logistics services from logistics scheme design to full-process logistics organization and implementation for production and circulation enterprises.
Attachment: reference materials
China's industrial logistics started from the sales logistics directly facing consumers, especially the logistics development of high-tech, fast-changing and fast-moving consumer goods such as household appliances, electronics, automobiles and so on, which is at the forefront of other industries. With the development of economy, the intensification of competition and the improvement of internationalization, the strategic position of important materials related to the national economy and people's livelihood and national competitiveness is increasingly apparent, and the logistics demand of basic industries has also increased to a new level. Therefore, there is a trend that sales logistics extends to production logistics and supply logistics, and downstream goods extend to upstream raw material logistics. In 2005, the development of logistics in steel, grain, agricultural materials, medicine, chain retail and other industries can also be regarded as an important symbol of the in-depth development of logistics in China.
(A) the development of steel logistics to processing and distribution
China is currently the largest producer and consumer of steel in the world. In 2005, the output of crude steel and steel products in China reached 352 million tons and 397 million tons respectively, with growth rates exceeding 24%. With the adjustment of production structure and the rational return of price, iron and steel logistics began to receive unprecedented attention. In 2005, Shanghai began to build the Shanghai International Steel Logistics Headquarters Base. After the project is completed, it will become the distribution center of steel trade logistics, business flow and information flow in China facing the world. The South China (International) Logistics Steel Trading Center invested by Opal Steel Co., Ltd. was officially launched in Lecong, Foshan, integrating trading, warehousing, office, information, processing, distribution and banking services, fully integrating domestic and foreign resources, and providing all-round "one-stop" services for buyers and manufacturers. Huazhong Iron and Steel Logistics Center built by WISCO is listed as a key construction project in Wuhan, which will be used for modern warehousing, steel processing, trading, transportation and distribution and information services. Baosteel changed its mode of production, reduced intermediate links, established processing and distribution centers with processing functions throughout the country, bound circulation and processing together, and built a national network. Minmetals Group, which has the largest sales volume of iron and steel products in China, has the original advantages in overseas markets, and has now started to build a domestic sales network and extended it to logistics processing. On the basis of the original network, China Storage Logistics Company extended the network to the whole country by using inventory mortgage loans, and achieved good results.
(B) government guidance and market operation of grain logistics
In 2005, the grain logistics in China developed by leaps and bounds. First, grain logistics planning has been taken seriously. In 2005, governments at all levels from the state to provinces and cities began to draw up the 11th Five-Year Plan of modern grain logistics, which was the first five-year plan drawn up by the grain industry and pointed out the direction for the development of modern grain logistics. Second, large grain processing trade enterprises began to attach importance to the logistics development strategy of enterprises. Large grain enterprises, such as COFCO, China National Grain Storage Corporation and Donghai Cereals and Oils, realized the role of logistics development in enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises and began to formulate enterprise logistics development strategies. Some third-party grain logistics enterprises, especially port third-party grain logistics enterprises, have also begun to compile and implement grain logistics planning. Third, the investment model of grain logistics project with "government guidance and market operation" has been initially established. The government invests and approves important infrastructure and public facilities, encourages enterprises with different ownership and modes of transportation to compete reasonably, strengthens necessary macro-control and avoids redundant construction. In addition, support and encourage the development of new grain logistics technologies, establish necessary grain logistics technology reserves, promote the popularization of new grain logistics technologies, and establish a comprehensive grain logistics technology platform and technology center.
(C) and the postal "trinity" of agricultural products logistics
At present, from the central government to local governments, the issue of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" is listed as the top priority. Efforts to improve the situation of agriculture, countryside and farmers and vigorously develop agricultural materials logistics are important guarantees to achieve a well-off society in an all-round way. China Post Logistics Co., Ltd. has completed the construction of nationwide logistics distribution network in a short period of time, relying on the unique resources of postal "three-in-one". While providing commodity and consumer goods distribution services for urban commercial enterprises and residents, it also provides logistics distribution services for farmers such as seeds and liquid fertilizers, which opens up a new way for China logistics enterprises to serve agriculture, countryside and farmers. Its business ideas of vigorously developing rural logistics, postal distribution of agricultural materials and serving "agriculture, countryside and farmers" have been written into the No.1 Document of the Central Committee in 2005. At present, agricultural materials management is the traditional backbone business of supply and marketing cooperatives, with more than 650 enterprises carrying out agricultural materials chain distribution business and developing 37,000 chain distribution outlets.
(D) From blueprint to realistic medical logistics.
Under the new situation that the country has fully opened the field of pharmaceutical circulation, it has become a common choice for pharmaceutical enterprises to improve circulation links, reduce circulation costs and improve market competitiveness. Domestic pharmaceutical logistics is in the ascendant, a large number of large-scale pharmaceutical logistics centers have been or will soon be put into operation, and more pharmaceutical logistics centers are turning from blueprints into reality. For example, Inner Mongolia "Northern Medicine Capital" Logistics Center, Hunan Medicine Logistics Park, Changchun Medicine Logistics Center, etc. The logistics center park of Shanghai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. was put into operation, and the pharmaceutical logistics center of Dongyao Group was completed. These logistics centers not only provide traditional warehousing and distribution services, but also provide information and packaging services for pharmaceutical enterprises. Shandong Weifang Wanghai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. established Weifang Wanghai Logistics Branch in February 2003 by virtue of its advantages in scale, cost, service and total distribution varieties, as well as its service commitment of 24-hour door-to-door delivery in the whole city and 48-hour door-to-door delivery in the whole province. The company has developed more than 28,000 end customers and the daily delivery amount is as high as 3 million yuan. A terminal network covering the whole province and radiating around 1 1 provinces and cities has been formed.
Chain retail logistics with rapidly improved logistics capacity
In 2005, chain retail continued to maintain a strong development momentum. According to a survey conducted by the Business Reform and Development Department of the Ministry of Commerce, in 2005, the top 30 chain enterprises in China achieved sales of 4.9/kloc-0.40 billion yuan, an increase of 30.9% over the previous year, accounting for 7.3% of the total retail sales of consumer goods in the whole society. The total number of shops was 16665, an increase of 20.7% over the previous year. There are five chain enterprises with sales exceeding 20 billion yuan, and the sales of the first-ranked Shanghai An Baili Group reached 72 billion yuan. The sales of chain enterprises ranked 30th increased from 4.58 billion yuan in the previous year to 5.43 billion yuan.
Facing the needs of cross-regional development and scale effect, chain retail enterprises have increased the construction of logistics distribution centers. Wal-Mart plans to build a distribution center in Southeast Asia in Longgang District, Shenzhen. Upon completion, the distribution center will mainly distribute goods from the Pearl River Delta region to Southeast Asia. Suning Appliance plans to invest 80 million yuan to expand Nanjing Logistics Distribution Center and build Beijing Distribution Center and Hangzhou Distribution Center. By then, the logistics and distribution of Suning Appliance products will bid farewell to the leasing era completely. Wumart also reached an agreement with Tianjin to build a large-scale modern business logistics distribution center covering an area of 2,500 mu in Tianjin, and plans to turn it into a logistics distribution center radiating North China. The IKEA Shanghai Logistics Distribution Center with an investment of 75 million euros (about 700 million yuan) and an area of 400 mu has officially opened. The center consists of two warehouses with a building area of 280,000 square meters. It is mainly used to store the goods purchased by IKEA in China and supply them to the whole Asia-Pacific region.
With the improvement of logistics distribution requirements, the technical level of chain retail logistics is constantly improving. At present, the distribution center of domestic chain enterprises has gradually improved in technical content: for example, a storage system combining high-rise three-dimensional shelves with disassembled goods picking shelves has been added; Some use electric high-level forklifts, low-level pickups and pallets, which greatly improves the mechanization of loading, unloading, handling and sorting operations; The application of information system in distribution center, electronic equipment and electronic tags in freight yard enables operators to conveniently and effectively take out goods according to orders, and sort and classify goods, which greatly improves the speed and reduces the error rate; The use of pallets and logistics cages improves the distribution efficiency of goods in the store.