"Confucius" in The Analects of Confucius refers to Confucius. (2) Learning: The "learning" mentioned by Confucius here mainly refers to learning the traditional cultural classics such as rites, music, poems and books of the Western Zhou Dynasty.
(3) Time habit: In the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, the word "time" was used as an adverb, meaning "at a certain time" or "at an appropriate time". However, Zhu interpreted "time" as "constant" in his book The Analects of Confucius.
"Xi" refers to exercises, rituals and music; Comment on poetry and books. It also means review, internship and practice.
(4) Say: sound yuè, with joy, joy and happiness. (5) Have friends: There is a book called Friends and Friends.
The old note said, "friends of the same school", that is, friends studying under the same teacher, that is, like-minded people. (6) Music: different from talking.
The old note said that joy is in the heart and joy is outside. (7) People don't know: This sentence is incomplete, and there is nothing that people don't know.
Missing object. Generally speaking, knowing is understanding.
People don't know, that is, others don't know themselves. (8) Yan: Anger, resentment.
(9) Gentleman: The gentleman in The Analects of Confucius sometimes refers to a virtuous person and sometimes refers to a person. This refers to Confucius' ideal person with noble personality.
Confucius said, "isn't it pleasant to review exercises often after learning?" Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? People don't understand me, and I'm not disgusted or angry. Isn't he also a virtuous gentleman? The original 1.2 wanderer (1) said: "He is also filial to his younger brother (2), but he is easy to offend (3) and thick-skinned (4); It is not easy to make mistakes, but it is easy to make a mess, and it is not there (5). Gentleman's Business Book (6) is based on Tao (7).
Filial piety is also a person's foundation and (8)? Note (1) Youzi: a student of Confucius, whose surname is You and whose name is Ruo, is 13 years younger than Confucius and 33 years younger. The latter is more credible.
In the Analects of Confucius, the recorded Confucius students are generally called "Zi", but only Zeng Shen and You Ruo are called "Zi". So many people think that The Analects of Confucius was written by Zeng Shen and You Ruo.
(2) Filial piety: filial piety is the correct attitude of children towards their parents during the slave society; Brother, the pronunciaTion and meaning are the same as "ti", which is the correct attitude of brother to brother. Filial piety and younger brother are two basic moral norms specially advocated by Confucius and Confucianism.
The old note says: parents are filial when they do good, and brothers are brothers when they do good. (3) Attack: attack, attack, attack.
Up, refers to the person in the upper position. (4) fresh: sound Xi m: n, less meaning.
This is how the word "fresh" is used in The Analects of Confucius. (5) Nothing is also: This is the inverted sentence type of "Nothing is also".
There is a rule in the syntax of ancient Chinese. If the object of a negative sentence is a pronoun, it usually comes before the verb. (6) Service: service, dedication and commitment.
Ben is not at all. (7) Tao: In China's ancient thoughts, Tao has many meanings.
The Tao here refers to the benevolence advocated by Confucius, that is, the whole moral thought system with benevolence as the core and its embodiment in real life. Simply put, it is the basic principle of governing the country and being a man.
(8) Benevolence: Benevolence is the highest category of Confucius' philosophy and a moral principle. Being the foundation of benevolence is the foundation of filial piety.
Another explanation is that the word "benevolence" in ancient times is the word "human", and the foundation of benevolence is the basis of being a man. A son said, "It is rare to be filial to parents, obedient to elder brothers, and like to offend the upper rulers." .
I don't like to offend the upper rulers, but there are no people who like to rebel. When a gentleman is committed to the fundamental things, the truth of governing the country and being a man is established.
Filial piety is the essence of benevolence! "The original 1.3 Confucius said: clever words make color (1), fresh (2) benevolence. Note (1) Clever words and clever colors: Zhu Note: "Good words, good colors, good looks, we must talk about people. "
Both Joe and Ling refer to beautiful women. But this should be interpreted as pretending to be happy.
(2) Fresh: the meaning of less. Confucius said: "If you speak well and pretend to be likable, such people will have no kindness."
The original 1.4 Ceng Zi (1) said: "My three Japanese provinces ② are my body. Cheating for others (3)? Make friends without trust (4)? Can't you learn? " Note (1) Ceng Zi: Ceng Zi, born in 505 BC, is a native of the State of Lu, a descendant of the nobles of the State of Guo who were wiped out by the State of Lu.
Zeng Shen is a proud pupil of Confucius and is famous for his dutiful son. It is said that he wrote the Book of Filial Piety.
(2) Three provinces: province, inspection xǐng inspection. There are several explanations in the three provinces: first, three inspections; The second is to check from three aspects; The third is to check many times.
In fact, in ancient times, adding numbers before verbs with actions meant that there were many actions, which did not have to be recognized as three times. (3) loyalty: the old note said: loyalty.
We should do our best here. (4) letter: the old note says: the believer is sincere.
Believe in honesty. People are required to keep faith with each other according to etiquette rules to adjust the relationship between people.
(5) Pass on without learning: Pass on, and the old note says, "Master Pass on. The teacher taught himself
Learning, like the word "learning while learning", refers to review, practice, exercise and so on. Ceng Zi said, "I have to reflect on myself many times every day. Do I try my best to serve others? Is it honest and trustworthy to associate with friends? Have you reviewed what the teacher taught you? " Confucius said, "Tao (1) is a thousand times the country (2). As far as respect (3) is concerned, saving money and loving others (4) makes people timely (5). "
Note (1): A book serves as a guide and a verb. This means governance.
(2) the country of a thousand riders: riding, with the sound of shèng, means car. This refers to the basic units of the ancient army.
There are 3 soldiers on board, 72 soldiers on board and 25 logistics personnel in each carriage, totaling 100. A thousand chariots country refers to a country with 1000 chariots, that is, a vassal state.
Wars were frequent in the Spring and Autumn Period, so the strength of a country was calculated by the number of vehicles. In the era of Confucius, the country of a thousand riders was no longer a big country.
(3) Respect: The word respect is generally used in table.
2. Confucius praised the beauty of literature while praising Chinese.
(For politics 2) Confucius said: There are 300 poems. In a word, Confucius said, "Thinking is innocent."
(Confucius said: "There are 300 poems in The Book of Songs, which can be summarized in one sentence, namely:' pure thinking'." )
(Bashu 20) Confucius said, "Guan Luo, be happy without lewdness, be sad without injury."
(Confucius said: "Poems are joyful but not lewd, and sad but not painful." )
Literature teaching (taking literature teaching seriously)
(18) Yan Zi, poetry and calligraphy, is elegant in manners.
Confucius sometimes speaks Mandarin: reading poems, reading books and holding ceremonies all use Mandarin. )
The importance of literature (the first in teaching content)
(25) Zi teaches four things: words, actions, loyalty and faith.
Confucius' teaching has four contents: writing, action, loyalty and faith. )
The best embodiment of Confucianism is in the Analects of Confucius, but it was not said by Confucius himself (chapter: Yan Yuan; Section 8)
Spine Zi Cheng said, "It's just the quality of a gentleman. Why write? " Zi Gong said, "What a pity! The master said that a gentleman is also. I can't talk to you. The quality of words is still good, and the quality is still good. The shackles of tigers and leopards are the shackles of dogs and sheep. "
Confucius said, "A gentleman has a good quality, so why should he be taught?" Zi Gong said, "It's a pity that you understand a gentleman like this. You should regret saying this. Culture is as important as quality. Just as it is difficult to distinguish tiger leopard skin from dog sheepskin (it is the same with or without literary talent, there is no difference between tiger leopard skin and sheepskin)
It embodies a basic view of Confucianism: righteousness is more important than literary talent, but literary talent is also indispensable, because literature is the carrier of righteousness; If the carrier of literature is not excellent (that is, there is no literary talent), then the principles it carries cannot be widely spread.
That is, "words without words are not far away"
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(Discrimination: Mozi advocates completely removing literary talent, just as Mozi advocates removing other flashy things, but ironically, Mozi is very literary.)
On the one hand, Sima Qian respected ancestors, especially saints. On the other hand, Sima Qian wanted to emulate Confucius. He always said that Confucius was the goal of his life (that is, he was an idol, or the only one). ) When he wrote "Praise for Confucius", I'm afraid he also deliberately borrowed someone else's glass to pour his own thunder. He suffered from corruption. In contemporary times, he couldn't get rid of this spiritual shackles, so he wrote a book with indignation and said that Confucius was a model for him to learn from others. We can see that he regards himself as a distant friend of Confucius between the lines, but in a pious praise, there are all kinds of complicated feelings that can't be expressed, and we can understand a thing or two.
4. What are the poems praising Confucius?
1, Confucius sighed and said that the people benefited from it. This poem comes from Cao Cao's Short Songs, which means that everything Confucius said was called Qi Huangong, Guan Zhong and others, and the people benefited.
2, there is no Confucius in the world for a long time, which means painting by oneself. This poem comes from Ceng Gong's Reading, which means that there is no such person as Confucius in the world for a long time, and reading and learning have their own laws and methods.
Confucius' works are all over the world, and Confucius' teachings are all over the world. This poem comes from a seven-character quatrain "Answer Boyong" written by Feng Jing, a poet in the Song Dynasty, which means that Confucius' articles are famous all over the world, and his ways of dealing with people are also all over the world.
4, the mountain is rising, and the scenery is stopping. This poem comes from Sima Qian's Historical Records Confucius Family and is used to praise Confucius. It means that Confucius' noble character is admired like a lofty mountain, and his bright words and deeds are like a road to follow.
5. Confucius hymn, learning is Zou Meng. This poem comes from Zhu Chen's Er Yun Dai Cheng Shu, which means that Confucius' poems can have Zou Meng's achievements if they are good at learning and absorbing.
Sogou encyclopedia-short song line
Sogou encyclopedia-reading
Sogou Encyclopedia-Answer for Bo Yong
Sogou encyclopedia-the mountain rises and the scenery stops.
Sogou encyclopedia-the second rhyme is worn into a book
5. Praise Confucius' poem "Lu Sacrifices Confucius"-Ah, master, how can the world repay your long-term worries? The lords of Zou misjudged your land, and your home was used as Lu's palace. You predicted that when the phoenix disappeared, your fate would also end. Do you know that the captured unicorn will be the symbol of your teaching dose? I look at this sacrifice, between two temple pillars, will it be the same death omen that you dreamed of a long time ago? . "Mourning for Confucius" —— Wang Song Anshi mourns for Confucius, and Chitose has no Kirin. Who is this thing? Confucius, the sage of Song Dynasty and Wang Anshi, gained a lot from scholars after being praised by the world. Although there was no Confucius in ancient times, it was impossible to know the height of the sky. Uncle Huan Zhi wants to grab a grass and shake a flat peach. Yan Hui is unpredictable until he dies. Lin Tai of Chizhou Confucius Temple. Kong inherited the sages. Since the Book of Songs was deleted, ceremony and music have been greatly defined. Persuade good and punish evil, and evil is right. He urged Lin and ordered Wen's life. Saints are in tune with the times and replaced by respect. If he has a bad temper, he is poor and alive. In Zhao Lu, he stayed with Confucius late. He urged Lin He, who knows his kindness. His luck is very incomplete, he is kind.
6. How to praise a person's good learning in classical Chinese 1, Mencius' On Sun and Ugliness of Mencius in the Spring and Autumn Period: outstanding, which has not flourished in Confucius since its birth.
Produced in this group of people, but far beyond that kind of people. Since the beginning of mankind, there is no greater man than Confucius.
2. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhuangzi's The World in Zhuangzi: Hui Shi has many books and five cars.
Hui Shi has a lot of magic skills, and Hui Shi's books cost five cars. (that is, the idiom "learning to be rich in five cars". )
3. Confucius Disciple "Confucius Family Language and Zhou Guan" in the Spring and Autumn Period: I heard that Bo Gu and Lao Dan are now known.
I heard that Lao Tzu is knowledgeable.
Extended data:
"Zhuangzi World" "Hui Shi has many books and five cars." Idiom allusions:
Hui Shi has a wide range of knowledge, with as many as five articles. His teaching is confusing and his words are inappropriate. Analyzed one of the things and said, "Those that are extremely large and boundless are called' new students'; Small to the extreme without a kernel is called' Primary One'. Without thickness, it cannot be accumulated, but it can stretch thousands of miles. The sky is as low as the ground and the mountains are as flat as ze.
The sun deflects as soon as it reaches the middle, and everything dies as soon as it is born. Similar, the same phase and small differences, known as' small similarities and differences'; Everything is exactly the same and completely different. This is called' similarity'. The south is neither tired nor tired. Today, it went to Vietnam, and yesterday has arrived. The chain can be opened. As far as I know, the center of the world is in the north of Yan State and the south of Yue State. Love everything, heaven and earth are one. "
Baidu encyclopedia-learning to be rich in five cars
Baidu Encyclopedia-Mencius Gongsun Ugly
Baidu encyclopedia-Zhuangzi Zapian Tianxia
7. Poems praising Confucius, master, how does the world repay your long-term concern? .
The lords of Zou misjudged your land, and your home was regarded as Lu's palace.
Do you predict that when the phoenix disappears, your fate will end? You know that the captured unicorn is a sign of your teaching dose.
Will this sacrifice I saw between two temple pillars be the same death omen that you dreamed of a long time ago? . Liang (Li Bai)
Long whistle, Fu Liang's singing.
When can I see Yangchun?
Didn't you see that the song was sung and the words were sung?
Come fishing for Weibin in eighty west.
Shame and white hair are better than water. (Qing Zuo Yi Lu)
Exhale at the right time and consider the economy. (Spit it out to make it stronger)
Open 3,600 hooks wide. (Hook a fish)
The wind is dark and the king of Wen is near. (Phase I Elegance)
Great sages and tigers become stupid.
At that time, they were all ordinary people.
Have you noticed that Levin's drinkers are drafting it?
Long-term visit to Shandong Longzhonggong.
Introduction is not about eloquence. (No speech)
Two women quit and went to wash and follow suit.
There are seventy-two cities in Eastern Xia.
Han commanded Chu like a whirlwind. (waving)
Crazy or down and out. (A guest makes a living) (A soul makes an extension)
Besides, strong men should be a group of heroes.
I want to climb the dragon and meet the Lord.
Lei Gong drums.
There are many beautiful women throwing pots around the emperor.
Laugh until three o'clock, turn on the lightning. (Entrepreneurship)
It is raining at dawn and dusk.
I can't get through nine doors.
Those who knocked off the shovel with their foreheads were angry.
Life is not as sincere as mine.
Qi has nothing to worry about.
□□□□ molar for human flesh. Extreme Pian Yu
I don't want to break the straw.
Fly hand in hand, fight and carve tigers.
The foot on the outside of the arch is not bitter.
A wise man can praise a fool.
The world regards me as a feather.
Force out the three strong men of Nanshan.
The price of killing each other is two peaches.
Wu Chu's tactics are not dramatic.
Yafu lived in vain. Change one's mind with an obituary
Liang.
The voice is sad.
A bow and two dragon swords.
Sometimes God and things are in harmony.
A sense of wind and cloud, killing people and fishing.
My Lord, pay attention to safety. Big fish in the mountains.