[Source] Confucius said: "There is no class in teaching." (Wei Linggong)

No matter who gave the education. This kind of educational thought was advocated by Confucius, who clearly put forward the idea of "teaching without distinction" on the issue of educational objects. Teaching without distinction means that you can't distinguish between nobles and civilians, between national boundaries and foreigners, and you can recruit and teach as long as you are willing to learn.

Constantly teach people

[Source] Confucius said: "Teaching people tirelessly can be said that the cloud has gone." ("Shu Er")

Be patient and never get tired when teaching others. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius led his disciples around the world and experienced Xinzheng's disease. They had to live there for several months. Disciple Fan Chi asked Confucius how to do farm work. Confucius was unhappy. Instead of tirelessly teaching others, he admitted that he was not as good as the old farmer. Fan Chi had to consult local farmers and eventually planted melons and vegetables, such as gourds and lentils.

3. Never get tired of studying

[Source] Confucius said, "What's wrong with me if I study silently, study tirelessly and teach tirelessly?" (Shuer) always feels dissatisfied with her studies. Describe being diligent and eager to learn.

It reflects one aspect of Confucius' educational method. This had a great influence on the formation and development of China's educational thought, so that today, we are still popularizing his educational theory.

4. Don't be shy about asking questions

[Source] Confucius said: "It is also a saying to be sensitive and eager to learn, and not ashamed to ask questions." (Gongye Chang) I don't think it's shameful to ask people who are less knowledgeable or have lower positions than themselves. The seventh episode of Liu E in Qing Dynasty also shows that a real scholar is striving for perfection academically, constantly improving his cognition, and sometimes even being ashamed to ask questions and absorbing nutrition in all directions.

Review the old and learn the new.

[Source] Confucius said: "Reviewing the past and learning new things can be a teacher." (Politics)

Reviewing old knowledge can gain new understanding and experience. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius had rich teaching experience. He often discusses problems with students and solves various problems for them. He encouraged students to cultivate good moral character and study in depth, and put forward the idea of "learning from time to time, reviewing the old and learning the new". The students praised Confucius for his patience in teaching. Confucius said modestly,' Never tire of learning, never tire of teaching.

6. Know one and know ten

[Source] "I also know a thing or two." (Gongye Chang) You can infer a lot from hearing one thing. It is often used to describe intelligence and good at reasoning. One day, Confucius deliberately asked Zigong, "Which is better than Yan Hui?" Zi Gong replied, "How dare I compare with him?" He knows everything and I know everything. Confucius nodded and said, "You are not as good as him, and I am not as good as him." This passage is recorded in The Analects of Confucius Gongye Chang.

7. Infer from one example to another

[Source] Confucius said: "If you are not angry, you will not be angry. No three turns,no. " (Shuer) It turns out that everything the teacher teaches people is square. You can cite one angle to compare with the other three angles. After metaphor, I know a lot from one thing by analogy. Refers to being good at reasoning and knowing each other. Confucius once said to his students, "It is not right to raise a corner, but not a triangle." It means: "I'll give you one aspect, and you should be flexible in thinking of other aspects." If you can't, I won't teach you any more. " Later, everyone changed this passage of Confucius into the idiom "draw inferences from one instance", which means that one must be able to think flexibly when learning one thing and apply it to other similar things.

8. The name is justified [source] "The name is irregular and the words are not smooth." (Luz)

& lt definition > the original name is reasonable, and the words are reasonable. The latter refers to a legal name and makes sense. Describe (do, say) the reason is just and sufficient. Confucius was dissatisfied with Lu's debauchery and brought his students to defend the country. Because Wei Linggong broke his word, he left Luz alone, and he led other students to leave Weiguo. After Wei ascended the throne, he asked to invite Confucius to help defend the country. Confucius said, "Only when the name is justified can great things be achieved."

9. Xiao Qiang's source] "I'm afraid the inner pain is not in the hustle and bustle, but inside Xiao Qiang." (Ji Shi) The disaster happened at home; Metaphor internal disaster; It also means that people around you bring disaster.

10. falling apart [source] "people from afar refused to accept it, but they couldn't come. The country is falling apart and cannot be defended. " (Ji's) division has reached an unmanageable level. Describe the disintegration of a family, group, organization or country.

1 1. Waiting for the price to sell [source] Confucius said: "What a sale! Sell it! I treat Jia Zheye. " (Zigong) Wait until there is a good price. Metaphor is to use it wisely. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius led his disciples to various countries to lobby for his political ideas. No one accepted and reused him, and he was not discouraged. Disciple Zi Gong asked Confucius how to deal with beautiful jade. Confucius replied without thinking: "sell it, sell it, I'm waiting for someone who knows the goods to appear."

12. haste makes waste [source] "haste makes waste. Haste makes waste, but seeing small profits can't be a big deal. " (Lutz) Too impatient, too eager for quick success, but can't achieve the goal. . Many people in the world fail because of impatience and recklessness, so that they can't reach their destination in the dark, which is intended to warn others to be cautious.

13. Prospering the country with one word [source] "What can prosper the country with one word?" (Lutz) A word can prosper a country. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Duke Ding of Lu asked Confucius, "Can a word prosper the country?" Confucius said,' When the monarch and the minister protect each other, the country will prosper with one heart.' Lu asked again,' Can you subjugate the country in one sentence?' Confucius said,' Not really. The monarch died after a long time without raising any objection. '

14. See Xian Siqi.

[Source] Confucius said: "See the sage Si Qi Yan, see the sage and introspect." When you meet a good person, you want to learn from him. This is what Confucius said, and it is also the motto of Confucian self-cultivation in later generations. See Si Qi' means that a good example will shock you and drive you to catch up; "Reflection after seeing a bad example" means that a bad example is a "lesson" for you. You should learn from it and don't fall with others.

15. Choose good and follow [source] "In a threesome, there must be my teacher. Choose good and follow it." (Shuer) refers to adopting correct suggestions or choosing good methods and systems to implement them. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Wei Xianzi, the ruling minister, divided the territory of Qi into seven counties and Yang into three counties, and appointed and promoted some local governors. He wanted to use Wei E, fearing that others would say he was selfish, and asked the doctor for a biography. Cheng Chuan thought that as long as he was talented and virtuous, he would not care about personal relationships. The key is whether he can choose kindness and obedience, and whether he can reward and punish clearly.

16. Three provinces [source] Ceng Zi said: "I will be in three provinces every day. Is it cheating for others? Don't believe in making friends? Can't you learn? " (learning) originally refers to checking yourself in many ways every day, and later refers to consciously checking yourself many times. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius' students were studious and loved by Confucius. The students asked him why he had made such rapid progress. Zeng Shen said: "I ask myself many times every day: have I tried my best to do things for others?" Is there anything dishonest about treating friends? Do the students taught by Mr. Wang study well? If you find yourself doing something wrong, correct it immediately. "

17. Do your duty [source] Confucius said, "Do your duty to the teacher." (Wei Linggong) The original intention is benevolence, not humility. What I mean now is that when you meet something you should do, you should be brave enough to undertake it and never shirk it. Confucius and Confucianism pay special attention to the harmony between teachers and students, emphasizing the dignity of teachers, and students must not violate teachers. This is under normal circumstances. However, in front of benevolence, even teachers are neither humble nor supercilious. This puts the realization of benevolence in the first place, and benevolence is the highest standard to measure all right, wrong, good and evil.

18. Kill yourself [source] "People with lofty ideals are benevolent, and they don't hurt others, but kill themselves." (Wei Linggong) The original meaning is to lay down one's life to be perfect. Later, it generally refers to sacrificing one's own life to safeguard the just cause. In the old society, people were short of food and clothing, and they could not prosper if they were sick. Lutz Xun saw it, "Is the gentleman poor?" Confucius said, "A gentleman is poor, but a villain is poor." Confucius said, "Benevolent people don't live, but die."

19. tenderness [source] "quality is better than literature, then wildness, literature is better than quality, then history, and gentleness is a gentleman." (Yongye) The original shape makes people elegant and simple. The latter describes people's elegant manners and calm attitude. Tenderness can come from writing, art, aesthetic content and form, internal beauty and external beauty, simplicity and literary decoration. In order to understand and develop, "literature" and "quality" have become a pair of categories with rich connotations and extensive extensions and have been deeply studied.

20. The beauty of adults [source] Confucius said: "The beauty of a gentleman's adult is not the evil of an adult. The villain is the opposite. " Yan Yuan's original intention is to encourage and help others to do good deeds. Later, it was used to refer to helping others realize their wishes and fulfill the good deeds of others. In the Ming Dynasty, there was a man named Xie Zhen who was blind, but he was good at writing lyrics, which were widely sung among the people. When he arrived, Sun personally received him. Sun saw that the two men were talking about speculation, so he gave Jia and others a generous gift on New Year's Day the following year. The world calls Sun Mu the beauty of an adult and a gentleman. But it also reflects the meanness of ancient women and was given as a gift.

2 1. Let bygones be bygones [source] As soon as I heard it, I said, "If you don't say what you did, let bygones be bygones." (Bashu) No longer blame and punish for past mistakes and crimes.

22. Too many is not as good as [source]: "But the more teachers?" Confucius said, "Too much is too late." (Advanced) Too much, just like not enough, not good. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zi Gong, a student of Confucius, asked Confucius who was smarter, his classmate Zhang Zi or Xia Zi. Confucius said that Zhang Zi often exceeded Zhou Li's requirements, while Xia Zi often failed to meet Zhou Li's requirements. Zi Gong asked Zhang Zichao if it was better. Confucius replied that the effect of exceeding and failing is the same.

23. Think twice [source] "Ji Wenzi thinks twice before you act." (Gong Yechang)

Think carefully before you do it. After carefully considering the pros and cons, we must make a comparison, make a decision and take immediate action. If you consider the pros and cons, and then come back to consider the pros and cons, then, in this cycle, there will never be peace, and eventually you will become a giant of consideration and a dwarf of action.

24. Carelessness [Source] "Eating all day long, careless, very uncomfortable!" (Yang Huo) I didn't use my head. Metaphor doesn't care about anything. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius often taught his students to learn from Yan Hui, not to pursue wealth and enjoyment, but to study hard. Confucius said that if a person is full and has nothing to do all day and does not think hard, he will not achieve anything. Although chess players are leisurely, they should be careful, which is much better than those who are full and have nothing to do.

25. Observing words and observing colors [source] "Observing words and observing colors." (Yan Yuan) Speculate and observe other people's words and expressions to guess their thoughts (so that the camera can act). Observing words and feelings is the basic skill to manipulate freely in all interpersonal relationships. "Blinking" is the most important point in "face", which can tell us the truth most involuntarily. People's sitting posture and clothes also help us to recognize others as a whole and be indifferent to their inner intentions.

26. The afterlife is awesome [source] Confucius said: "The afterlife is awesome, how do you know that new people are not now!" (Zi Han) Young people are new forces and easily surpass the older generation. They are awesome. Ouyang Xiu was rigorous in his studies until his later years. He often cleans up the articles he has written all his life and revises them, carefully scrutinizing every word. To this end, he worked hard all day, sometimes working late into the night. Madam, look at him. He is old and still working so hard. He is afraid that overwork will affect his health. She's worried. She's stopping it now. She said to her husband with concern,' officer, why do you study so hard, at the expense of your health and happiness, and suffer so much for these words? The official is an old official (retired). Are you afraid of being scolded and angry by your husband?' Ouyang Xiu replied:' I am not afraid of my husband's anger, but I am afraid that the afterlife will be laughed at, and the afterlife will be terrible! '

27. Take pleasure in forgetting your troubles

[Source] Confucius said: "Women don't laugh at their people, forget to eat when they are angry, forget their worries when they are happy, and don't know their age." (Shuer) I am so happy that I forget my sadness. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius took his students to give lectures all over the world and came to Ye Yi, Chu. Ye Gong Shen Zhuliang received him. He didn't know Confucius very well, so he asked Luz quietly. He didn't know how to answer him at the moment. Confucius later learned, and said to Luz,' He is also a human being. He forgets to eat when he is angry, but forgets his worries when he is happy, and he doesn't know that he is old.