Qin Wang sweeps Liuhe

Li Bai

Qin Wang sweeps Liuhe, looking at him! Swing a sword to make clouds, and the princes will come to the west.

judging from the apocalypse, you can drive a group of talents roughly. Retreat troops and cast gold people, and the letter valley is opening eastward.

I'll make great achievements in the mountains, and I'll look forward to Langya Taiwan. 7, torturers, starting from Lishan Mountain.

I'm still taking the elixir, and my heart is sad at a loss. Even the crossbow shoots sea fish, and the long whale is Cui Wei.

the forehead and nose are like five mountains, with waves and clouds and thunder. Why should you see Penglai when you are hiding the sky?

Xu Shi is carrying a Qin girl. When will the ship return? But see three springs, gold coffin buried cold ashes.

Appreciation

This is the third song in Li Bai's Fifty-nine Ancient Styles. The poem begins by praising Qin Shihuang's great talents and achievements in unifying China, and then satirizing his absurd behavior of pursuing immortals. According to the Nine Years of Zi Zhi Tong Jian Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty "respected Taoism and longed for longevity". Li Bai's poem seems to be made for Xuanzong's desire for immortals, using ancient metaphors to describe the present and using Qin Shihuang to satirize Xuanzong. 2. Poems about Qin Shihuang should be faster

I often hear about Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Guan and Qin Shihuang.

if you are good at immortal skills, you will not live long. Since the golden platform was destroyed, the sand dunes perished.

Maoling and Liyue, the grass is vast today. Three hundred and thirty poems of Hanshan Mountain have been swept away, so why go underground? The war zone is full of rest, and the dream is shocking.

The adopted deer is fascinated by horses, and the corpse stinks and smells. With the help of the first hand, there is no miracle in the world

This poem titled "Five Laws of Ode to Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang" was an impromptu work when I visited the Terracotta Warriors and Horses in 1982. I don't do old-fashioned poems, but I was infected by reading Nie Yi's Three Grasses.

I once copied this poem and thanked him for his fallacy, saying that it's delicious to write an epic poem like this. To tell the reader the truth, I think it's not bad myself.

look, that's what I am. I never pretend to be modest. Before that, in 1979, I also wrote a poem "Ode to the History of Qin", because I worked in Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House and read a manuscript commenting on the history of Qin. This manuscript can be used or not, but it was crowded at that time, so I gave it up and returned it to the author. It seems that I am a little sorry for the author. I wrote a long rejection letter and attached this poem.

Later, I wrote a short essay titled "Three Poems on History with Postscript", and "Ode to Qin History" is one of the three poems. The essay is collected in the clumsy collection "Ten Years of Painting a Tiger", which reads: Abalone stinks and litters the bodies of ancestors and dragons, and cleverly sets up an organ, Julius.

how to train your successor to be a deer and a horse, let alone exhaust the grease! It's really difficult to prevent micro-duration, so don't laugh at it. Explore the cause and seek the response, and don't forget that the past is the prophet.

This poem was written in line with the contents of the manuscript. The first two couplets have the same meaning as the necklaces in Ode to Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the First Qin Dynasty. The following phrase "preventing micro-invasion" refers to Zhao Gao's gradual theft of power, which made the situation in the Qin Dynasty out of control, implying that the Gang of Four was just playing power at that time. Generally speaking, chanting history should be related to reality, which is also old-fashioned.

Qin Shihuang is a historical figure who has aroused much discussion among later generations. He has always been ruined and gained little reputation. In the epic poems, a well-known broad-minded man like Li Bai praised his bravery in the first half of "Ancient Style III" and "Qin Wang Sweeps Liuhe", while the second half also condemned his tyranny and ignorance of seeking immortality, not to mention the arguments of many orthodox scholars.

However, quite a few scholars who are knowledgeable about history have made quite positive comments on Qin Shihuang, and even praised him as "an emperor through the ages". Modern scholars, such as Zhang Taiyan, wrote Qin Xian Ji, Qin Zheng Ji and other articles, and made a positive judgment on Qin Shihuang, saying that Qin Zheng was more successful than others.

But overall, it is not the mainstream public opinion in the Qin school after all. It was Confucianism that made Qin Shihuang bear the reputation of an eternal tyrant. Confucianism was the dominant school in China for more than 2, years after the Han Dynasty, and the children of Confucianism were almost synonymous with all intellectuals. Confucianism was the most unlucky under the rule of Qin Shihuang.

When it comes to Qin Shihuang's tyranny, the first thing to do is to burn books to bury Confucianism. Burning books, burning Confucian classics; Pit Confucianism, pit is the Confucian scholars of the six countries.

This tone has been suppressed for thousands of years, which makes Confucianism, which has become the mainstream of intellectuals, bear a grudge forever, and it is imperative to curse Qin Shihuang as the first tyrant in history. Since Jia Yi's "On the Qin Dynasty" in the Western Han Dynasty, there have always been many bad words and few good words in the poems about the history of Qin Dynasty.

Generally speaking, the more orthodox, that is, the more pedantic, the more severe the condemnation of Qin Shihuang became. Just now, I saw a news that Hebei is repairing the Great Wall, so let's talk about the fact that Qin Shihuang has been repairing the Great Wall, and there are many unfair comments.

The most common thing is to make some empty remarks such as "It's not dangerous to be in Germany", ridiculing the futility of Qin Shihuang's construction of the Great Wall, regardless of the actual war needs to resist the invasion of Xiongnu at that time. It should be noted that under the war conditions of ancient cold weapons against each other, the city's defense is effective, especially against the invasion of Hu people who are used to cavalry.

the main fighting force of middle-earth is infantry. If there is no city wall fortification, it will be terrible.

This is a matter within the scope of common sense, but in order to criticize Qin Shihuang, common sense also ignores it. In ancient times, communication was backward. Unlike today, you can contact by phone or sending a text message. It was also necessary to hold a bonfire on the city wall to warn or give orders at that time, unless you don't want to protect the environment and let people's lives and property be damaged by foreign enemies.

otherwise, what's wrong with building the Great Wall? There is another benign effect of the Great Wall, which I am afraid is not noticed by people. This is what I witnessed when I was sent to Ningxia in the late 195s. In the border areas of Gansu and Ningxia, the Great Wall has collapsed, leaving a section of broken walls.

it is very obvious that wherever there is a city wall, there are rows of green arable land in the border towns inside the wall, while there are barren sand and rocks outside the wall, and nothing grows. It can be proved that this humble city wall blocked the sandstorm outside the Great Wall and created an environment for residents to live and breed. It turns out that this Great Wall has also contributed to protecting the ecological environment.

There are many poems about the history of Qin Dynasty involving the Great Wall, and a poem with the meaning of "Guangxin" often flashes in my mind, which is the memory left by reading Yuan Mei's Poems with the Garden when I was a teenager. The poem was written by Yuan Mei's contemporaries, but the name of the poet has been forgotten. Yuan Mei entered the poem by appreciating the oath and postscript of the poem.

Those two sentences are: "Xiang Liusheng went to the town and built Wan Li with folk paste in vain." At first glance, these two sentences are really witty: Your Majesty built the Great Wall to defend the eternal inheritance of the Qin Dynasty, but Xiang Yu and Liu Bang, who destroyed your country, grew up in the Great Wall. Your Majesty, you are in vain! (Yuan Mei recorded it in Poems with the Garden. I still remember another couplet, the tone of which is the same as that of the couplet referring to the Great Wall: "Why did the poetry book get burned and robbed? Liu Xiang is illiterate."

) but after careful scrutiny, it is rambling or irrelevant. The Great Wall was built to defend against foreign aggression, but its original intention was not to deal with domestic rebellion.

Building the Great Wall and preventing internal invasion are two different things at all. There are many reasons for the collapse of a political power. Those who should collapse will also collapse if they don't build the Great Wall. When the Tang Dynasty perished and the Song Dynasty perished, did the two dynasties ever build the Great Wall? Further exploration shows that the reason why people suddenly want to talk about a historical event is probably due to the stimulation of reality, and the historical figures they choose, as Marx said, "summon the dead", are looking for objects for the needs of reality. Yuan Mei's generation of intellectuals, awed and indignant by the tyranny of the two tyrants, especially the literary inquisition that frequently abused intellectuals, chose Qin Shihuang, who "burned books and buried Confucianism", as the object of his tortuous venting.

poets may have done this consciously or unconsciously. This matter is a bit delicate, and only the person who wrote the poem knows it.

Talking about history is always made for the stimulation of reality. Lu Xun's Quasi-romantic Talk has an article on the similarities and differences of Hua De's book burning, which is also due to the book burning of Nazi leader Hitler. 3. Li Bai commented on Qin Shihuang's poems

The king of Qin swept Liuhe, and Li Bai and the king of Qin swept Liuhe, looking at him! Swing the sword and decide the clouds, and the princes will come to the west. Tell the truth from the apocalypse, and drive the group of talents roughly. Retreat the troops and cast a golden man, and the letter valley is opening eastward. I will learn from the mountains and hope to see Langyatai. The 7 thousand torturers have risen from the mountains and mountains. They are still taking the elixir, which makes their hearts sad. Even crossbows shoot sea fish, and the long whale is Cui Wei When will the ship return when Xu Shi is carrying a Qin girl? However, under the Three Springs, the golden coffin was buried in cold ashes. Appreciating this is the third poem in Li Bai's Fifty-nine Antique Poems. At the beginning of this poem, he praised Qin Shihuang's great talents and achievements in unifying China, and then satirized his absurd behavior of pursuing immortals. According to the records in Nine Years of Zi Zhi Tong Jian Tian Bao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty "respected Taoism and longed for immortality". Li Bai's poem seems to be written for Xuanzong's desire for immortals, which is a metaphor for today. 4. Li Bai commented on Qin Shihuang's poems

The king of Qin swept Liuhe. Li Bai and the king of Qin swept Liuhe, looking at him! Swing a sword to make clouds, and the princes will come to the west.

judging from the apocalypse, you can drive a group of talents roughly. Retreat troops and cast gold people, and the letter valley is opening eastward.

I'll make great achievements in the mountains and look forward to Langya Taiwan. 7, torturers, starting from Lishan Mountain.

I'm still taking the elixir, and my heart is sad at a loss. Even the crossbow shoots sea fish, and the long whale is Cui Wei.

the forehead and nose are like five mountains, with waves and clouds and thunder. Why should you see Penglai when you are hiding the sky? When will the ship return when Xu Shi is carrying a Qin girl? But see three springs, gold coffin buried cold ashes.

Appreciation This is the third of Li Bai's Fifty-nine Ancient Styles. The poem begins by praising Qin Shihuang's great talents and achievements in unifying China, and then satirizing his absurd behavior of pursuing immortals.

According to Nine Years of Zi Zhi Tong Jian Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty "respected Taoism and longed for longevity". Li Bai's poem seems to be made for Xuanzong's desire for immortals, using ancient metaphors to describe the present and using Qin Shihuang to satirize Xuanzong. 5. What famous sayings did the ancients use to evaluate Qin Shihuang's transgression?

1. The first emperor sent Meng Tian to attack the Huns with 1, troops. Later generations commented on this: "To attack from afar, to be greedy from outside and empty from inside, to do things in a wide range, and not to worry about its harm." 2. Jia Yi, a thinker in the Western Han Dynasty, pointed out in "On the Qin Dynasty": "One man is in trouble, but seven temples are dead, and his hands are dead, making the world laugh. Benevolence is not applied, but the offensive and defensive trends are different.

..... Zhou Wang's preface has its own way, which lasts for more than a thousand years, and Qin's origin and end are lost, so it can't be long. From the perspective of it, the unity of safety is far from it. "

3. Sima Qian, a historian of the Western Han Dynasty, wrote in Historical Records of the First Qin Emperor: "The king of Qin was greedy, self-motivated, did not believe in meritorious deeds, did not kiss the people, abolished the kingly way, established private rights, banned documents and tortured the law, cheated power before righteousness, and began with tyranny. It's different to take and keep a husband who is both deceitful and stable. "

4. Du Mu, a writer in the Tang Dynasty, commented in A Fang Gong Fu: "The heart of one person is also the heart of thousands of people. Qin loves luxury, and people miss their homes.

How can we spend all our money, and use it like sand ... People all over the world dare not speak but be angry. A single husband's heart is becoming more and more arrogant.

..... those who destroy the six countries are also six countries, not Qin; Qin is also the family of Qin, not the world. Hey, husband! Making the six countries love each other is enough to refuse Qin; Those who make Qin love the six countries again will be handed over to the three generations to be the king forever, and who will win and the family will be destroyed? Qin people are overwhelmed with self-mourning, and later people mourn it; Later generations mourn and do not learn from it, but also make future generations mourn for future generations. " 6. Which poem evaluates Qin Shihuang most fairly? Why

The evaluation of Qin Shihuang has been a controversial issue since the death of Qin until today. Some people praised him as "an emperor through the ages" (Li Zhi's Book Collection Volume II Catalogue); Some people say that Qin Shihuang "though he was four san huang and six or five emperors, he was not as good as Long" (Zhang Taiyan's "Qin Zheng Ji"); Some people praised Qin Shihuang's reunification cause: "Qin is the master of sweeping Liuhe, and he is eager to see it!" (Li Zi's "Qin Wang Sweeps Liuhe") The reason why Qin changed is that it is a system and a public one; Their feelings, private, private their own prestige, private their ministers and livestock to me. However, the end of the public world began in Qin dynasty. (Liu Zongyuan's Feudalism) They all spoke highly of Qin Shihuang's achievements and affirmed his role in history. They were great historical figures. Others cursed Qin Shihuang for "being greedy and self-motivated" and "taking tyranny as the beginning of the world" (Jia Yi's New Book on Qin Dynasty); "The first emperor was tyrannical, until his son died" ("Zhenguan dignitaries", Volume 8); "The first emperor was resolute and resolute, and he was happy to take punishment and killing as a threat. He was a full-time jailer and was fortunate, and he was bored and bored at home" (quoted from Chen Dengyuan's Old News of National History). They all denounced the cruelty of Qin Shihuang's rule and were tyrants. These views all have some truth, but because of the different positions and starting points of commentators, they are also one-sided.

the evaluation of Qin Shihuang has always been mixed.

the king of Qin swept Liuhe

Li Bai

the king of Qin swept Liuhe, looking at him! Swing a sword to make clouds, and the princes will come to the west.

judging from the apocalypse, you can drive a group of talents roughly. Retreat troops and cast gold people, and the letter valley is opening eastward.

I'll make great achievements in the mountains, and I'll look forward to Langya Taiwan. 7, torturers, starting from Lishan Mountain.

I'm still taking the elixir, and my heart is sad at a loss. Even the crossbow shoots sea fish, and the long whale is Cui Wei.

the forehead and nose are like five mountains, with waves and clouds and thunder. Why should you see Penglai when you are hiding the sky?

Xu Shi is carrying a Qin girl. When will the ship return? But see three springs, gold coffin buried cold ashes.

This is the third of Li Bai's Fifty-nine Ancient Styles. The poem begins by praising Qin Shihuang's great talents and achievements in unifying China, and then satirizing his absurd behavior of pursuing immortals. According to the Nine Years of Zi Zhi Tong Jian Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty "respected Taoism and longed for longevity". Li Bai's poem seems to be made for Xuanzong's desire for immortals, using ancient metaphors to describe the present and using Qin Shihuang to satirize Xuanzong. 7. Which poem evaluates Qin Shihuang most fairly? Why

The evaluation of Qin Shihuang has been a controversial issue since the death of Qin until today.

Some people praised him as the "Emperor through the ages" (Li Zhi's Book Collection Volume II Catalogue); Some people say that Qin Shihuang "though he was four san huang and six or five emperors, he was not as good as Long" (Zhang Taiyan's "Qin Zheng Ji"); Some people praised Qin Shihuang's reunification cause: "Qin is the master of sweeping Liuhe, and he is eager to see it!" (Li Zi's "Qin Wang Sweeps Liuhe") The reason why Qin changed is that it is a system and a public one; Their feelings, private, private their own prestige, private their ministers and livestock to me. However, the end of the public world began in Qin dynasty.

(On Feudalism by Liu Zongyuan) They all spoke highly of Qin Shihuang's achievements and affirmed his role in history. He was a great historical figure. Others cursed Qin Shihuang for "being greedy and self-motivated" and "taking tyranny as the beginning of the world" (Jia Yi's New Book on Qin Dynasty); "The first emperor was tyrannical, until his son died" ("Zhenguan dignitaries", Volume 8); "The first emperor was resolute and resolute, and he was happy to take punishment and killing as a threat. He was a full-time jailer and was fortunate, and he was bored and bored at home" (quoted from Chen Dengyuan's Old News of National History).

They all accused Qin Shihuang of being cruel and a tyrant. These views all have some truth, but because of the different positions and starting points of commentators, they are also one-sided.

the evaluation of Qin Shihuang has always been mixed. Qin Wang sweeps Liuhe Li Bai Qin Wang sweeps Liuhe, eyeing He Xiongzai! Swing a sword to make clouds, and the princes will come to the west.

judging from the apocalypse, you can drive a group of talents roughly. Retreat troops and cast gold people, and the letter valley is opening eastward.

I'll make great achievements in the mountains, and I'll look forward to Langya Taiwan. 7, torturers, starting from Lishan Mountain.

I'm still taking the elixir, and my heart is sad at a loss. Even the crossbow shoots sea fish, and the long whale is Cui Wei.

the forehead and nose are like five mountains, with waves and clouds and thunder. Beard