Zixia's surname was Bu, his given name was Shang, and his courtesy name was Zixia. Later he was also called "Bu Zixia" and "Mr. Bu". He was a native of Wen in Jin State in the late Spring and Autumn Period. Like Yan Yuan, he was also a disciple of Confucius and had no writings handed down to the world. This article is Zixia’s famous aphorisms. I hope it will be helpful to everyone!

Zixia’s famous aphorisms

We are all brothers in the four seas.

Source: "The Analects of Confucius·Yan Yuan"

Translation Everyone in the world is his brother.

A wise man changes his appearance; he can do his best to serve his parents; he can do his best to serve his king. Keep your word with your friends. Even though I say I haven’t learned yet, I will definitely call it learning.

Source: "The Analects of Confucius: The First in Learning"

Translation: When you see a worthy person, you will be in awe, and your attitude will naturally change accordingly; serving your parents can do your best; serving the king can Work hard. Keep your word when communicating with friends. Even if such a person says he has not studied anything, I must say that he has studied.

Although it is a small road, there must be something to behold. If you go far, you will be afraid of mud, so a gentleman will not do it.

Source "The Analects of Confucius·Zi Zhang Chapter 19"

Even if the translation is a small skill, there must be something to be said for it, but it will not work to achieve a long-term goal. . Therefore, a gentleman is not willing to indulge in small skills.

The sun knows where he is dead, and the moon has not forgotten what he can do. It can be said that he is eager to learn.

Source: "The Analects of Confucius·Zi Zhang Chapter 19"

Translation: Learn something you didn't know before every day, and don't forget what you have learned every month. This is enough It's called being studious.

Be knowledgeable and determined, ask questions carefully and think deeply, this is where benevolence lies.

Source: "The Analects of Confucius·Zi Zhang Chapter 19"

The translator has studied extensively and remembered it firmly, has practical knowledge, and often thinks about issues that are easy to see and understand. , Ren is among them.

Hundreds of workers live in a house to accomplish their work, and a gentleman learns his way.

Source "The Analects of Confucius·Zi Zhang Chapter 19"

Translation Craftsmen from all walks of life live in workshops to complete their work, and a gentleman learns the Tao through study.

The villain’s faults will also be punished.

Source: "The Analects of Confucius·Zi Zhang Chapter 19"

Translation: A villain will definitely cover up a mistake when he makes one.

A gentleman has three qualities: he looks at someone as if he is right, he is gentle when he hears someone, and he is sharp when he listens to his words.

Source "The Analects of Confucius·Zi Zhang Chapter 19"

The impression of a gentleman in translation has three changes: he looks very solemn from a distance, but he feels gentle and approachable when he is close. Listening to him speak, I felt very harsh.

A great virtue does not spend too much time, but a small virtue can go in and out.

Source: "The Analects of Confucius·Zi Zhang Chapter 19"

As long as there are no problems in the major sections of the translation, it is understandable that there are differences in small sections.

If you are an official and you are good at it, you will learn, and if you are good at learning, you will be an official.

Source: "The Analects of Confucius·Zi Zhang Chapter 19"

Translation: Those who have the energy to become an official can study, and those who have the energy to study can become an official. .

Introduction to Zixia

Zixia: surnamed Bu, given name Shang, courtesy name Zixia, later also known as "Bu Zixia" and "Mr. Bu", a native of Wen, Jin State (today's Wen County, Henan) (there are also two theories of Wei people and Wei people. The recent scholar Qian Mu determined that Wen was destroyed by Wei and Wei was mistaken by Wei, so there are two theories), a famous disciple of Confucius, one of the "Ten Philosophers of Confucius" one. Zi Xia Shao Confucius was forty-four years old. He was an outstanding student among Confucius's later students. He was quick in thinking and famous for his literature. He was recognized by Confucius as a talented student in the "Literature" subject.

When Zixia was a student, he often received praise from Confucius for his unique insights. For example, when he asked about a sentence in the Book of Songs, "The clever smile is beautiful, the beautiful eyes are looking forward to it, and I always think it is gorgeous." Confucius replied: "Painting things afterward", he immediately came to the conclusion that "rituals and music come after benevolence and righteousness". Confucius praised: "The one who started giving is Shang! Only then can we say that the "Poetry" is over." ( "The Analects of Confucius: Eight Hundreds")

However, Confucius believed that Zixia was "inadequate" in observing benevolence and etiquette. He once warned Zixia: "A woman is a gentleman and a Confucian, and nothing is a villain." ("The Analects of Confucius·Yongye")

Zixia was extremely talented, and many of his famous maxims have been retained in the "Analects of Confucius", such as:

"Erudition and determination, inquiry and inquiry Thinking about it recently, benevolence is in it";

"Hundreds of workers live in their workplaces to achieve what they say, and a gentleman learns to achieve his own way"; "Every day he knows what he is doing, and every month he never forgets what he can do, he can be said to be eager to learn. That's it";

"Although it is a small path, there must be some worthy ones"; "If you are an official, you will learn if you are good at it, and if you are good at learning, you will be an official" and so on.

After the death of Confucius, Zixia went to Xihe (between Jishui and the Yellow River) in the state of Wei to give lectures, and also served as the teacher of Wei Wenhou, who advocated Confucianism.

"Such as Tian Zifang, Duan Qianmu, Wu Qi, Qin Huali, etc., all received their inheritance from Zixia's Lun" ("Historical Records: Biographies of Scholars").

Modern people think that Zixia’s thoughts have a “Legalist spirit”. Han Feizi said that “Confucianism is divided into eight” and is not as good as Zixia’s Confucianism, because he regarded it as a Legalist (see Guo Moruo’s "Ten Criticisms" "Book" Zixia portrait).

In his later years, Zixia went blind from crying because of the loss of his son, and lived in isolation.

In the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, he was posthumously named "Marquis of Wei", and in the Song Dynasty he was granted the title of "Hedong Gong".