Essence: the recombination of old and new elements and the reconstruction of elements
Connotation: Innovative thinking is based on the movement of the cortical area of the human brain (especially the right brain), and is based on people's unique advanced abilities such as perception, memory, thinking, association and understanding. In the process of interaction with thinking objects, innovation is realized through the dialectical and unified thinking process of divergence and convergence, seeking difference and seeking common ground, image and abstraction, logic and illogical, and through four periods of preparation, brewing, clarification and verification.
At the same time, the physiological mechanism of innovative thinking-brain physiology and psychology-is the carrier of innovative thinking and plays a fundamental role in its operation.
Three levels of innovation
Personal level
Individuals who want to survive, develop and experience beautiful things will face cognitive problems and need to innovate and learn. The process of learning is a process of personal innovation. The mental structure is changing, abandoning bad habits and personality and changing the villain's self. The transparent change of a gentleman from the inside out, the change of habits and ways of dealing with people, and subversive innovation are the innovations of life value. Kazuo inamori and Wang Yangming's Dragon Field Enlightenment,
Organizational level
With the internal adjustment and management reform of enterprises, enterprises will turn inward when they encounter problems, and their products, marketing strategies, strategies and organizations will change, as well as their human resources structure, financial structure and publicity strategies. This series of solutions are actually for survival and development, market share, return, establishing competitive advantage and gaining more market space.
National level
Economic reforms, such as Shang Yang's political reform, a whip method in the Ming Dynasty and the Reform Movement of 1898, will inevitably lead to certain problems when the country develops to a certain extent, and then carry out reforms. Finally, the problem of innovation comes down to education. What is a good education and what is suitable for this country must be changed. It is a decisive factor supporting the national development strategy. Large-scale reform and innovation is destructive innovation. There is no way to change the system structure through the changes of several elements at the low level. The larger-scale changes are the civilized revolution, the production mode, interest mode, production mode, value destination, ethical order relationship of interest groups, and so on. Industrial civilization has changed and subverted the whole western civilization in all directions.
Characteristics of innovative thinking
initiative
Unity of divergence and convergence
Seeking the opposite sex
Unity of image and abstraction
Innovative thinking and brain science
Innovative thinking is mainly related to the right brain, that is, the image brain. The left brain is responsible for logical reasoning, while the right brain is responsible for image, language and inspiration.
Innovative thinking is inseparable from intuition, inspiration, epiphany and other activities, which are closely related to the subconscious.
The process of innovative thinking
G Wallace, an American psychologist, divided the process of innovative thinking into four stages: preparation period, brewing period, opening period and verification period.
The preparation period is a period of mastering knowledge, collecting data and expanding knowledge.
The incubation period is the stage of seeking the answer after thinking and analyzing the problem;
The open period is a period in which creative new ideas, new ideas and new ideas are gradually produced through the analysis and thinking in the brewing period, and sometimes new assumptions to solve problems are formed under the trigger of inspiration;
The verification period is to test, evaluate and verify many new ideas, new ideas and new concepts in practice.
In the process of innovative thinking, although the left brain is the main activity in the preparation period and verification period, the right brain is also actively participating;
Similarly, although the right brain is dominant during pregnancy and flowering, it is also inseparable from the activity of the left brain.
It is this mechanism that the left and right brains cooperate with each other to form the overall functional activities of the human brain, which is the basis of innovative thinking of real physiological substances. In the history of scientific development, people who only use the right brain often fall into utopia and delusion, and people who only use the left brain cannot create at a high level. Only people who use their left and right brains can get better inventions.
Psychological basis of innovative thinking.
Positive psychological factors
First of all, we must have a clear creative motivation. Motivation, as the internal motivation of psychological activities, is the basis of human behavior. Motivation comes from people's needs, usually in the form of interest, desire and ideal. Secondly, we should have broad, concentrated and stable interests. Thirdly, we must have indomitable creative will. Finally, we should have a positive and full creative mood.
The avoidance of negative psychology
Timid psychology, fear of failure, shrinking in the face of difficulties and setbacks, dare not take risks and lack of self-confidence are the enemies of creative activities, which also hinder the play of creative psychological effects.
Conformity psychology. Insensitive self-cognition, conformity, and lack of opinions easily make people lose the motivation, interest and challenge of creation.
Jealousy This is a cowardly psychology of being afraid of competition and not daring to compete, so as to suppress and attack others by any means.
Conceit. Self-confidence is too high, pretentious, arrogant, unwilling to admit mistakes easily, unable to bear the responsibility for mistakes, which easily makes people feel lazy, weakens the inhibition of creative interest, and finally falls into a self-enclosed situation.
How to overcome and correct it
Cultivate a scientific understanding view; Correctly understand, analyze and solve problems.
Cultivate innovative consciousness and enthusiasm; Creative consciousness and enthusiasm can make people actively set creative goals and overcome difficulties and obstacles through tenacious work.
Stimulate curiosity and curiosity, develop a joint knowledge structure, and make people willing to learn new knowledge and new things, imaginative and innovative.
By developing intuitive thinking and directly understanding the nature and relationship of things with rich and skilled knowledge and skills, we can quickly solve problems, find reasonable choices and judgments, temper our will, cultivate healthy emotions with indomitable spirit and give full play to subjective initiative.
Give imagination wings and let it soar.
The mechanism of innovative thinking.
Problem is the core mechanism of innovative thinking.
Innovative thinking often starts with problems, especially around practical problems. Problem is the core of innovative thinking mechanism, and it is also the starting point and foundation of innovative thinking. The problem is the center and purpose of all cognitive activities. Problems control and adjust the direction of cognitive activities and determine the process of innovative thinking. All activities of innovative thinking have only one purpose, which is to solve problems.
The integration of knowledge and experience is the cultural mechanism for the occurrence and operation of innovative thinking.
Knowledge (referring to the sum of knowledge and experience gained by people in practice) and experience (referring to knowledge and skills gained by people in practice) are the main contents of cultural mechanism. Knowledge is the most valuable in the process of people's contact with information and the analysis and arrangement of the information they come into contact with. Only by mastering rich knowledge can people have a clear and in-depth understanding of things and realize the essence of things. For the thinking subject, mastering rich knowledge is particularly important for innovative thinking. The more knowledge they have, the more information they can choose, the greater the expansion space of thinking, the closer the connection between information, the easier it is to produce associations and fantasies, and the greater the possibility of innovative thinking. While mastering rich knowledge, experience is equally important and an indispensable part of innovative thinking.
/kloc-the achievements of Newton, a great scientist in the 0 th and 7 th centuries, were made on the basis of inheriting the knowledge and experience of predecessors. The most famous "three laws" of object motion in mechanics are the results obtained on the basis of Galileo and others' research. In the history of science, people's exploration of the universe also confirmed the role of knowledge and experience. From Copernicus's "Heliocentrism" to Galileo's invention of the telescope to Hubble's discovery of extragalactic galaxies and the expanding universe, every progress in people's understanding of the universe is based on the rich knowledge and experience of our predecessors. The accumulation of knowledge is not just a matter of one person, but a matter of a group of people, even generations; It depends not only on our current efforts, but also on the efforts of all people. Through the accumulation of knowledge and experience from generation to generation, only when the accumulation reaches a certain threshold can we produce innovative thinking and achieve creative results. Therefore, it is necessary to "strengthen respect for knowledge and innovation and fully reflect the distribution orientation of intellectual labor value"
It means why should we innovate?
Solve three needs that people need to innovate.
Cognitive needs
Why do seeds grow when the sun goes down, and theoretical innovation,
Existing demand
As a life gene, iteration is an innovative process. As an individual tool of society, the innovation of commodity product art solves the problem of human survival needs.
Aesthetic demand
A lot of artistry is the need of aesthetic demand, sensory appearance, hairstyle and other dance music to solve the experience value.
The essence of innovation is the solution to the above three needs.
How to use innovative thinking
As an innovative talent, what elements do you need?
Three more, one taller and one better.
Multiple knowledge structures and information sources; If all talents are geniuses, such as Leibniz, Newton, Kant and Leonardo da Vinci, there will be innovations and contributions in many fields, which will increase each other; Su Shi's creativity and extensive reading are very good at making friends with people in different fields and providing information sources, such as Buddhism and prostitutes.
Multiple thinking modes; Horizontal analogy and migration, vertical deep thinking, global thinking, multiple thinking modes to think, mathematical arrangement and combination, divergence and convergence;
Multi-perspective; Look at the problem from many angles. The world is changing every day, and creatures are different every day. Many of our feelings of looking at problems from a middle perspective have not changed, which has caused our habit of looking at problems from our own perspective and produced an inertial thinking. But we can look at it from a different perspective, that is, a bystander's perspective, an object's perspective, a God's perspective, an elephant's perspective, an ant's perspective, a current perspective, a historical perspective, and a perspective of ten thousand years. Create different things because they are still viewed from the previous perspective;
High frequency collision and interaction; Keep it open and high frequency. Being in multi-culture and Li Bai will get different information and perspectives. Go to museums, nature and books, and collide with people and things. The essence of collision is to promote the hybridization and reconstruction of information and the reconstruction of different elements of information sources;
Curiosity; Encyclopedia-style people are curious about the world, will come into contact with different people and things, and will have different perspectives and information;
How to enhance a person's powerful imagination? What is the biggest obstacle to imagination?
The biggest obstacle is that you have no idea. Lazy habits make you have no idea, you can't wake a person who pretends to sleep, and you will always hide in the comfort zone. There are many neets in Japan who hide in a comfortable environment, afraid of change, afraid of facing the unknown, and have no spirit of trial and error. Progress comes from constantly making mistakes. The disadvantage of exam-oriented education is that it requires the only correct answer, so they are afraid of making mistakes and forming inertia. If they don't realize it, it's hard to change.
Environmental obstacles, in an environment, it is difficult to become a different person, you have to choose the environment, if the environment is wrong, it will be assimilated by the environment; The scarcity of educational resources in big cities is the problem of educational environment. I can make changes, but the social environment can't, so I have to make a choice. I have to make a choice about the environment. This is the reason why the school district is expensive, because the educational environment and background cannot be changed. Reading a prestigious school is actually choosing the environment and laying the foundation for the future. When I really go inside, it is a small circle, such as the secretary of a listed company, which is a closed social circle. The reason for going up is to. These social messages seem explosive, but they are worthless, and the information in the circle is more valuable;
Other obstacles
Label; The brain is an energy-saving organization, which will summarize the world with abstract concepts, such as the animal concept of tens of thousands of creatures; Conceptualization and labeling are the natural enemies of creation. Without labels, there will be hundreds of millions of combinations and permutations, but after conceptualization, there will only be a few organizations, and labels are limited induction, omitting all possible relationships; Tao summed it all up. When a concept explains more and more things, it will cause more constraints.
Logical; There are six logics in human beings,