Wang Xizhi (303 ~ 36 1) was born in Langya (now Linyi, Shandong Province) and later settled in Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province). He comes from a famous aristocratic family. Since the Eastern Han Dynasty, Wang's family has been a famous and outstanding aristocrat. Wang Xizhi's reign under the guidance of his father played an important role in the establishment of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Si Marui (Yuan Di) ascended the throne mainly because of Wang Dao's support. Wang Xizhi's other father, Wang Dun, was in charge of the military power of the Yuan Di court. Wang Kuang, Wang Xizhi's father, first put forward the suggestion of moving south when he was in charge of the rebellion of Huainan Prefecture and Yongjia. At that time, people said, "The king and the horse are the world." It can be seen that the Wang family has a very high social status and prosperous power. Wang Xizhi lives in a Tujia nationality. He is not grandiose, arrogant, arrogant, taciturn and studious. "Biography of Wang Xizhi in the Book of Jin" says: "It is not surprising that you are young and ignorant. In the thirteenth year, I tasted the pages of a week, and the pages were different. When the heart is heavy, the guest is not surprised, and the page is cut first, hence the name. " At the banquet, qi zhou, the servant of Shangshu, cut the precious food beef heart to Xihe first to show his appreciation of Xihe, and at the same time made people sit up and take notice of Xihe and have a new attitude. Wang Xizhi's "A Long History, Argumentative Papers, Known to All" (Biography of Wang Xizhi in the Book of Jin) changed his reticence in his youth and established an upright character. At that time, people called Xizhi, Wang Cheng and Wang Yue "Three Little Kings", and Xizhi won a good reputation among the literati at that time. Prime Minister Wang Dao also appreciated Xihe very much. Qiu sent someone to ask Wang's son-in-law. Wang Dao said, "Send someone to the east wing to look after the children. Disciple turned around and said,' Although the number of kings is good, it is salty and reserved to hear their letters. The only person in the East Bed who eats with an empty stomach is the one who doesn't smell it. "Jian Yue:' This is a good husband and evil!' Visiting it also means Xi, so I regard it as a woman's wife "(ditto). The story of the East Bed Nuwa became a beautiful talk, from which we can see Wang Xizhi's outstanding and extraordinary personality.

I started my career and became a secretary. Western general Yu Liang invited Xi to join the army, so Wang Xizhi joined the army and moved to Changshi. On his deathbed, Yu Liang praised Wang Xizhi as "honest and wise", which made the court pay more and more attention to Wang Xizhi and transferred him to Ningyuan General and Jiangzhou Secretariat. "Xi's reputation is rare, and courtiers love his talents. He is often called the Minister of Chinese Books and the Minister of Official Department." (ditto) Yin Hao, the Yangzhou secretariat, always spoke highly of Wang Xizhi, so he wrote to him to persuade him to accept the appointment of the imperial court and make due contributions to national politics. So Wang Xizhi worshipped the imperial general and moved to the right army general. He will take a look at the internal history and be called Wang Youjun.

Wang Xizhi is far-sighted in politics, but he can abandon emptiness and pragmatism. He believes: "The foundation of politics is Tao and tolerance." Fundamentally speaking, it not only respects the law of political operation ("Tao"), but also advocates the political strategy of leniency and peace. With this understanding, naturally, it is proposed that the rulers should "fill the vacancy in Xiu De and recruit talents", and ask the rulers to love the people, check and fill the vacancy, recruit talents, play a role, and make politics clear. It is precisely because Wang Xizhi has such a correct and sober political understanding that he can also expose his shortcomings to reality and hit the nail on the head: "Since the beginning of the army, those who went in and out of official positions have done their best without foresight, and each has his own wishes, but nothing can be discussed. One thing can be recorded, and the suggestion is good, but it is useless. Therefore, the world will collapse. How can you not be sad? " After the Eastern Jin Dynasty crossed to the south, it was to the left of the Yangtze River, and the court was unrestrained. Military and political officials with real power act in their own way. Local officials abused military service, corvee and exorbitant taxes to oppress the people. "The criminal defected, just like Qin Zheng." Wang Xizhi was saddened by this.

"Biography of Wang Xizhi in the Book of Jin" states: "When there was a famine in eastern China, what Xi did was to open a warehouse to urge loans. But the imperial court has heavy services, especially Wu Hui. Every time there is a dispute, there are many things to follow. " Open a warehouse to help the victims and write a letter to fight for the reduction of people's taxes. Wang Xizhi can also criticize many specific shortcomings of bureaucracy at that time, correct them during his term of office, and seize the opportunity to state his political views. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, local doctors mostly talked empty talk and ignored practice. Wang Xizhi pays attention to reality and opposes empty talk. Once went to town with Xie An, Xie An was carefree and ambitious. Xi warned him: "It is inappropriate to talk nonsense and waste things. It is not suitable for today." Wang Xizhi lived a simple life and opposed extravagance and waste. "Eating is not just delicious, but unimportant." His famous words.

Wang Xizhi, who is indifferent, knows that powerful people are not enough to rely on and will never "take risks and forge ahead." His two poems illustrate his attitude towards life:' It's not my business to fight for the first place, it's my business to forget to ask for it. (Kun: Poems of Qin, Han, Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties) The Biography of the Book of Jin and Wang Xizhi said: "Elegant and good at food supplement, I am not happy with the capital. When she crosses Zhejiang for the first time, she will have the ambition to reach the finish line. " This is because the chaos in the world is difficult to use, and it is also related to Wang Xizhi's religious belief. In the 11th year of Yonghe (355), Wang Xizhi said that he was ill and went to the county (Biography of Wang Xizhi in the Book of Jin). Wang Xizhi (36 1) died at the age of 59. Awarded to Dr. Jin Ziguang. Wang Xizhi's scholars all obeyed his previous orders, but they were not called because of their words.

Wang Xizhi occupies an important position in the history of China literature. His works that have been handed down to this day include more than 600 letters, several poems and Preface to Lanting Collection. Some letters from Wang Xizhi are very long. They talk about state affairs and explain the truth of life. Although they are all literal, they are sincere and to the point. His short notes are mostly housework, written in a few words, lively and interesting. There are several notes in the representative and famous Seventeen Posts:

Last summer, I sent Joan a bamboo stick as the first step, and all of them arrived. This scholar has many people who respect the elderly, that is, distribution, so that they can be content.

This letter is addressed to Zhou Fu. Zhou Fu is a famous soldier in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and he has been guarding Bashu for a long time. Wang Xizhi has a deep friendship with him. Zhou Fu traveled thousands of miles and sent a bamboo stick from Qiongshan, a Sichuan specialty, to Xihe, which distributed it to friends in Huiji. This matter was stated in the letter. The Book of Rites says: "Fifty sticks are at home, sixty sticks are in the countryside, seventy sticks are in the country, and eighty sticks are in the DPRK." Giving crutches to the elderly is a sign of respect for the elderly. This note from Xihe is short and affectionate, which not only shows the sincerity of friendship, but also shows the sincerity of respecting the elderly and loving the virtuous.

For example, in seventeen posts:

Knowing that there was a lecture hall in the Han Dynasty, which Han emperor established it? There are already three emperors and five emperors who can draw, and the paintings are exquisite and impressive. Can anyone draw? If you want to copy it, can you get it? A letter with a notice.

In his letter, Wang Xizhi asked Zhou Fu if he could find someone to copy and send a set of murals left by the lecture hall of the Han Dynasty. Straight in the letter shows a strong interest in Yizhou Han painting, which gives people a glimpse of the master's shining heart.

Seventeen posts:

"There is no salt well and fire well? What is the first step? In order to be widely circulated, it is shown. "

Wang Xizhi asked Zhou Fu if there were really salt wells and fire wells in Bashu, because literature and rumors said that there were many salt wells and fire wells in Bashu. In order to carry it out, Xizhi deliberately added "I can't see it first", which makes people want to see the artist's pure and simple nature and curiosity about Yizhou mountains and rivers.

One of the seventeen posts:

"Childhood, birds, cherries, Japanese rattan are all good, believe it or not. The clouds sown in the first step are good fruits, which can be used as seeds and should be planted. This kind of walnut is also natural. I like growing fruit, and now it's in the ground, so it's far away, because I only do this. The first step for children is also great. "

In Wang Xizhi's letter, Zhou Fu sent the seeds of olive, sand fruit and cherry from Yizhou to Xizhi. After sowing, he found that the seeds packed in cloth bags grew well, while the seeds packed in wooden boxes did not germinate. The implication is to ask Zhou Fu to send the fruit of the bag again. The letter also said that I especially like planting fruit trees after leaving my job, and the walnuts sent by Zhou Fu are growing well. Finally, thank you. This letter shows the deep friendship between Xihe and his friend Zhou Fu, and also shows Xihe's deep feelings of loving life and life in the narrative of trivial matters.

On March 3rd, 9, 465,438+0 people, including Emperor Wang Xizhi, Xie An, Sun Chuo and their families in Yonghe, Jin Mu, hosted a banquet in Lanting in Huiji Mountain, drinking wine, writing poems and expressing their feelings. Wang Xizhi wrote a preface for this volume of poems, so this preface is called "Preface to Lanting". When and where was the banquet in the first half of Preface to Lanting Collection written?

"Yonghe is nine years old and ugly at the age of ten. In the early spring, he will gather the Lanting of Yanshan to fix things. A group of wise men can always grow into a group. There are mountains, lush forests and bamboo forests, as well as clear water and turbulent water, which set each other off. I think that running water is second, although it is not as prosperous as silk and bamboo orchestras, it is enough to love. Today is a sunny day, sunny and sunny. Looking up at the vastness of the universe and overlooking the richness of categories is enough to be extremely entertaining and believe in cola. "

After explaining the banquet on March 3, the preface describes the beauty of mountains and rivers and the fun of the banquet. The sentences of "looking up" and "looking down" show Xihe's broad mind and positive and optimistic attitude.

The second half of Preface to Lanting is lyrical;

Ladies, lifelong pitch. Or talk arm in arm in one room; Let the waves go because of the entrustment. Although the fun is different, the calmness is different. When it is satisfied with what it encounters, it is enough by itself, it is fast and self-sufficient. I didn't know that old age was coming. And what he is tired of is an emotional and emotional department. I'm happy about it. It's a thing of the past between pitches, so I still have to be happy about it. The situation is short and short, and it is exhausted in the end. The ancients said, "Life and death are great!" It hurts!

Every time we look at the reasons for the excitement of the ancients, if we unite, we will not be without sorrow, and we can't compare it to something in our chests. Knowing that a dead life is a fake birthday, Peng Qi's mourning is a proper job. Looking back today is still looking back on the past, sad husband! So when people line up, they are recorded. Although the world is different, pregnancy is a good thing. Later visitors will also be impressed by Sven.

The first half of the sentence summarizes the meaning of the text as "I am comfortable enough to watch and listen, and I believe in coke", which shows the optimistic spirit. In the second half, the pen tip turns sharply, full of sorrow, cherishing spring and mourning for death, and deeply lamenting the impermanence and eternity of life. The contradiction between up and down the emotional appeal seems unreasonable. This ambivalence actually shows that Wang Xizhi's serious thinking about life philosophy is profound. "The size of the universe" and "the richness of categories" are the characteristics of the objective world, which are presented to people, showing people the diversity of life in the world and making people feel and enjoy the beauty of life. Therefore, "extremely audio-visual entertainment, believe in cola", life can be optimistic. However, "the greatness of the universe" and "the prosperity of categories" are eternal; The individual's life, though "short", is "finished in the end", which is short and never comes back. Therefore, the "death is great and life is great" of individual life, and the coke of life is not only a reflection of the sadness of death! On the other hand, it is precisely because of the sadness of death that the joy of life can be enhanced and its value and significance of resisting death can be increasingly demonstrated. Therefore, it is not only a scholar, but also has a deeper meaning in life. When the salary is exhausted and the fire spreads, "looking back at today is still looking back at the past", the life practice and understanding of an individual's life have not died because of the "end of life" of his flesh and blood; "People who visit later will also feel gentle", so the spirit of "gentleness" can be passed down. The optimistic life spirit expressed by the "bitterness" feelings in the preface to Lanting Collection is rational and profound, not blind and superficial. In China's classical literature, the "sadness" and "pain" in emotional appeal do not necessarily mean mental depression, and the life spirit promoted by dance often does not need relaxed and pleasant emotional appeal. Preface to Lanting is a remarkable example.

There are two existing poems by Wang Xizhi in the Preface to Lanting Collection, which are similar to the Preface to Lanting:

"Three spring together product, often in the cause. Look up at the blue sky and overlook the clear water bank. There is no embarrassing view, and it is reasonable and self-sufficient. Great achievements are made in nature and everything is different. Although the crowd is uneven, it is not new to me. " (Chapter II of Preface to Lanting Collection)

This poem praises the power and harmony of nature, and shows Xi's bright mood and joy of realizing the beauty of nature.

China's calligraphy ushered in a golden age in the Jin Dynasty. Ma Zonghuo pointed out: "Jin people are the best at books, and Jin people are the most prosperous. The Book of Jin, as well as Tang poetry, Song ci and Yuanqu, are all so-called generations. " Ma Zonghuo further pointed out the reasons for the formation of this golden age of calligraphy art: "There are three reasons for learning from the past. One is connected with the Han and Wei dynasties, and all the bodies are well prepared; If you are not worried, you can communicate at the same time; Choose what you want and follow it, especially if you are good at it ... a strange sage with a lot of handwriting; The service is planned to be funded, and the teacher is far away; Consider others, complacent and creative ... one wants to speak freely, and romance is fanning the flames; Light ambition and high emotion; Maintenance is unintentional, calligraphy is a fake hand. " After the beginning of the pre-Qin calligraphy history and the accumulation of the Han Dynasty, Zhong You in the Three Kingdoms period has been summing up the calligraphy skills of the previous generation. In order to create his personal style, he paid great attention to the use of pen, and his regular script was a great success, which laid the foundation for the rapid development of Jin people. Wang Xizhi's love for Zhong You's calligraphy began with his father's guidance. "I'm in a mess, and I'm still thinking about Zhong Shangshu's bulletin board (Zhong You), and my clothes are crossing the river" (Lin Shu's Morning). Wang Dao's own calligraphy art is also very successful, and he is good at cursive writing. Wang Kuang, the father of Xi, is also good at calligraphy. Wang Xizhi, 12 years old, saw some calligraphy works of the previous generation from his father. His father thought that he was too young to understand them, so he asked him to learn these works when he grew up. Happy to let my father teach as soon as possible. Wang Kuang saw that his son had ambition, so he taught him carefully.

Wang Xizhi began to learn calligraphy at the age of seven. His calligraphy teacher is Miss Wei. According to Tao's Records of the Historian, Wang Kuang and Wei are the middle table, and some people use genealogy to verify that Mrs. Wei is the aunt of Xihe. This argument is credible. Mrs. Wei's calligraphy skill is profound and her artistic level is very high. The book review of the Tang Dynasty quoted in A Brief History of Books praised Mrs. Wei's book as "like a flower arranging dancer, low in beauty." Another example is the beauty on the stage, where the fairy makes a shadow, the red lotus reflects the water, and the blue marsh clouds have a beautiful and smooth style unique to female calligraphers. Her brushwork is inherited from Cai Yong in Cai Dan and imitated from Zhong You. After years of painstaking research, she finally created her own style. Because she is a close relative of Wang Xizhi, she tried her best to teach Xi Guide.

Wang Xizhi has made great progress in calligraphy under the care and teaching of his parents and the hands-on teaching of Mrs. Wei. As he grows older, he is paid more and more attention by his peers. "Words" in Shi Shuo Xin Yu quoted Wen Lu as saying that "if words are not enough, uncle will reward them". The fifth volume of Notes on Famous Paintings in Past Dynasties describes a passage by Wang Xun: "My brother and son learn from it, but it is different when they are young, which will certainly enrich the structure of the Tang people. At the beginning of this year, 16 years old, in addition to studying art, you can also look at calligraphy and painting. I asked for calligraphy and painting, and I drew Ten Disciples of Confucius as an encouragement. Well, it's not awkward at all! I drew the painting myself, and the book is my own book. Although the rest of my works are not enough, my calligraphy and painting are solid. If you want to learn books, you will know that accumulating learning can be far-reaching, and learning painting can know the way for your younger brothers to do their own things. "From this passage of Wang Kui, we can know that when Xi was 16 years old, he had made some achievements in calligraphy art and was highly valued by elders who were proficient in this field.

Before Wang Xizhi, the running script was started by Liu Desheng and took shape in Zhong You. In Wang Xizhi's pen, the running script is integrated. Wang Xizhi greatly developed the artistic capacity of running script, making his pen completely meet the aesthetic requirements of calligraphy art, bringing out the flow in the font in a simple way, and showing great vitality and artistic conception in the flow (the so-called "writing without stopping, writing without engraving"). Wang Xizhi's masterpiece is Preface to Lanting. The ancients thought: "Scholars are to Lanting what Taoism is to Yu and Meng. It is not bad to show a book, but it is natural and beautiful. " This is equivalent to saying that Preface to Lanting is the crown of ancient calligraphy and a classic of China's calligraphy. Because it "has all the beauty" and has its own style. This theory is indeed correct. Preface to the Lanting Pavilion is a brand-new creation of Wang Xizhi, which draws on other people's strengths and melts into one furnace. Its twists and turns, graceful brushstrokes and straight posture are unprecedented in the previous generation of calligraphy. In the preface to Lanting Collection, pitching, looking around, holding the pen and relaxing between the strokes are all wonderful, which shows his unique and creative brushwork. Naturally, his brushwork cannot be copied, because it is his creation. Many scholars try to infer whether he uses the pen as the center or the pen as the edge, but it is difficult to reach a unified conclusion. This is not unexpected. Since Wang Xizhi's brushwork is creation, he has got rid of the level of skill and obtained the qualification of unlimited explanation: it is not dead, but alive; It can be explained, but it is inexhaustible. Preface to Lanting has various structures, the same words and different features. Twenty words "this", seven words "no", six words "one", five words "suo" and three words "foot" are absolutely different, which embodies Wang Xizhi's exquisite skill. From brushwork to knotting, it has reached a perfect level. As Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong, said in "Biography of Wang Xizhi in the Book of Jin": "Look at slow work, cut beautifully, smoke dew, even if it is broken; Phoenix, like a dragon, is inclined and straight. I don't feel tired when I play, and I don't know its ending when I look at it. " From the whole article, the brushwork is ups and downs, dripping and carefree, and the posture is flying, but it has a unified and rigorous statute in the ever-changing, and it contains vigorous power under the handsome appearance.

Wang Xizhi's cursive works, represented by the famous Seventeen Posts, have completed the transition from Cao Zhang to modern cursive, laid down the formal rules of modern cursive, and established the essential connotation of modern cursive art, with vigorous and graceful brushwork, graceful and elegant style and fresh and elegant style. His cursive script is particularly lyrical and full of wisdom, which embodies the harmonious beauty of the combination of reason and law.

Wang Xizhi's regular script is Le Yi Lun. The representative works Huang Tingjing and Dong Fangshuo's painting praise. Compared with Zhong You, Wang Xizhi's regular script has been completely detached, and it has shown elegance and elegance in the process of eliminating rebellion in Founder. Clean and beautiful pen, neat and free and easy pen; Shu Lang, the right density. For thousands of years, Wang Xizhi's regular script has been cherished by calligraphers.

Wang Xizhi's calligraphy art has a great influence on later generations. From the Sui Dynasty, through the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, until now. The Qing people advocated that books should be divided into north and south, iron studies in the south and stele studies in the north. According to the division of North Monument and South Post, Wang Xizhi is a master of post-learning. His works have endless connotations and fully developed extensions.

Wang Xizhi's achievements in calligraphy covered up his contribution to calligraphy theory to some extent. In fact, Wang Xizhi is quite accomplished in calligraphy theory, because his calligraphy is the best in the world. The biography of Wang Xizhi in the Book of Jin excerpted a few words from a letter from Wang Xizhi:

Zhang Zhi is studying in Linchi, and the pool is exhausted. What worries people is not necessarily what happens next.

In these two sentences, Xi Zhi expressed his appreciation for Zhang Zhi's efforts, and at the same time revealed his calligraphy thought which was biased towards technical theory. "Late is not too late" means that the achievements of calligraphy can be obtained through strict skill training, and human efforts can overcome the difficulties in artistic pursuit. This idea conforms to Wang Xizhi's pragmatic spirit and embodies Wang Xizhi's attitude of attaching importance to human efforts and skill training. This is undoubtedly the right idea. Wang Xizhi does tend to be technical, but he is not. He acknowledged the importance of skills, attached importance to people's efforts, and especially emphasized that calligraphy should express people's spirit (so-called "meaning").

(Wang Xizhi: On Books. "I worked so hard to find along while, and found out all the old books, except for Zhong and Zhang, who are unparalleled in the world. The rest are small books, so I didn't care enough. Go to this two sages, and then serve the book. It is necessary to deepen the meaning of the book, draw with heart, and talk endlessly. If it is wonderful, everything is natural. "

In this letter about books, Wang Xizhi put forward the concept of "book meaning", which shows that he is not a technologist and has no theory of forming skills. What is the meaning of a book? The meaning of a book is naturally not the meaning conveyed by words, but the expression of the personality, temperament, will and talent of the creator of calligraphy works in calligraphy works. An artist's personality is high and low, his temperament is rigid and soft, his ambition is deep and shallow, and he can adjust elegance and vulgarity, which will inevitably be reflected in his works. The strength of personality, the bias of temperament, the depth of ambition and the character of talent in a calligraphy work are exactly what Wang Xizhi said. Wang Xizhi said: "To deepen the meaning of the book, every painting is intentional." His thoughts are profound. The word "deepening" emphasizes the artist's practical kung fu. "Meaning" lies in the subject, no matter how profound, noble and wonderful, it is internal and abstract, and must be objectified and concretized through the media (books). Therefore, artists must keep practicing if they want to change "meaning" into "meaning of books" and turn their writing behavior into artistic creation through books. Only in this way can we deepen the "book meaning", "stippling" is "intentional" and the works are vivid.

The most wonderful passage in Mrs. Wei Ti, Wang Xizhi's masterpiece on calligraphy;

Husband paper, array also; Author, also; Ink, armor also; Water inkstone, city also; Those who care, the general also; Skillful, lieutenant also; Structure, strategy also; Yang author, good or bad; In and out, the order is also; If you bow down, kill it. To write a book, you must first grind it, meditate attentively, predict the font size, lean back, stand upright, vibrate, and dredge the tendons and veins before writing. If it is straight and similar, it looks like an operator, and it is a whole from top to bottom, and it is flush before and after. This is not a book, but it has its stippling. Yi Song often wrote this book yesterday. Yi is a disciple of Zhong You, and Yi is very angry with him. Wing did not dare to see the hole for three years, that is, to change it. Every time I do a wave, I often fold my pen three times. Every time I do something, I often do it secretly. Every horizontal painting is like a row of clouds. Every time I make a move, it's like I've been through many battles. Every time you do something, it's like a falling stone ... every time you do something, it's like a withered vine. Every indulgence is like a sudden interest in walking. Wing came to write evil books first. Someone in Jin Taikang made a wish to break Zhong You's tomb, so he got the theory of writing style and read it. According to this jurisprudence, his name has been greatly improved. If you want a real book and a running book, you must follow this law.

The 10 metaphor of "paper-maker, array also" is very famous. It uses military war as a metaphor to illustrate the complexity of calligraphy creation activities. Among them, the commander-in-chief is "heart", which is in line with the above thought of "deepening the meaning of books". From this series of images comparing war to books, we can see how serious Wang Xizhi is about calligraphy, praising the author, whether good or bad; In the words of "if you bend, kill", we feel that Wang Xizhi pays special attention to using pens. Under the command of "mind", artists exert their skills and abilities ("ability"), use pen and ink, and create calligraphy works with mature ideas. "

Wang Xizhi's "concentration and quiet thinking" is synonymous with freedom of mind, that is to say, in artistic creation, "God" and "thinking" are in a state of "coagulation" and "quietness", excluding all worldly distractions in daily life, and all spiritual strength is only concentrated on writing books. Concentrate on meditation and anticipate fonts; The idea of "writing before writing" is to distinguish the art of calligraphy from ordinary writing. Ordinary words acting on the recording language are practical, and the method naturally serves practical purposes. Just write it clearly. The art of calligraphy is an aesthetic activity as well as a creative activity, which should show the artist's mental outlook and personality. Ordinary writing does not need to be conceived, but the creation of calligraphy works must be "in front of the pen", and the structure and management layout must be preset in mind, so as to realize the original ideas as much as possible in the process of writing books. The creation of calligraphy works, like the creation of any artistic works, needs a free mind. It is difficult to create in the case of business and secular troubles. The practice of "concentrating on meditation" is the same as that of Zhang Xu in the Tang Dynasty. He ran after getting drunk and then wrote a book. Both of them want to enter the field of artistic creation beyond worldly customs, but the different ways show the same purpose.

"Every time you make a wave, you often fold the pen three times. I often do one thing at a time. " This is about brushwork. The simplest and most basic meaning of "three folds" refers to the brushwork when creating the wave-plate brushwork of official script, that is, the typical official script pen. On a deeper level, the "three-fold" brushwork can be used for every stroke of capital letters and lines. The so-called "three turns of stippling, three twists and turns" (Jiang Kui: continuation of the book spectrum). Further down, it can form a pen system. "Between a painting, it changes its ups and downs in Feng Yu; In a word, it is extremely disappointing "(Sun: book spectrum), which adopts the method of" hiding the front and making full use of the front, resulting in a more massive modeling effect besides lines. The pen method of "three folds" and "hidden front" has changed the line system of seal script into a block system of official, block and line. It is this kind of brushwork that Wang Xizhi attaches importance to, which developed from official script.

Wang Xizhi has made great achievements in politics, literature, calligraphy practice and calligraphy theory. In particular, his calligraphy creation stands as a master in the history of calligraphy. Art summarizes the achievements of the previous generation of calligraphy, inherits and creates, brings forth the old and brings forth the new, and creates calligraphy works with strict laws and a new atmosphere.