The analysis is as follows

1. Sima Yi

was born in 179 AD and died in 251 AD. He was a general of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. His courtesy name was Zhongda, a native of Wen, Hanoi (now Wen County, Henan Province). He was familiar with the art of war, resourceful, and good at playing with power. He went out to fight with Zhuge Liang many times. When Cao Fang was the emperor, he and Cao Shuang were assisted by Cao Rui's decree. Later, when Cao Shuang was out of the city for hunting, he launched a coup and killed Cao Shuang. He acted as prime minister, was granted the title of King of Jin, and took charge of state affairs. After his death, he was honored as Emperor Yi of Jin by his grandson Sima Yan.

2. Guo Jia

He made great contributions to Cao Cao's unification of northern China. History books call him "a talented and strategic man, a strange man in the world". Guo Jia is actually Cao Cao's The first counselor is also the first counselor in the Three Kingdoms. He is one of the core figures of Cao Cao's early military think tank. He has extraordinary strategic vision and a three-point observation of people. Because of his excellent overall view, he is very good at choosing combat targets. There are often incisive and unique successful suggestions for grasping the battle period. Cao Cao made great achievements in the process of completely crushing Yuan Shao, Lu Bu and other powerful warlords and achieving hegemony in the north.

3. Chen Gong

Cao Cao failed in his attempt to assassinate Dong Zhuo and was captured everywhere with plans drawn. He fled to Zhongmu County and was captured by the people under the county magistrate Chen Gong. Chen Gong thought that he was a man, so he abandoned his official position and ran away with him. Unexpectedly, Cao Cao was suspicious and mistakenly killed the good man Lu Boshe and his family. He also made an eternal famous saying: "I would rather teach me to bear the burden of the world than to teach the world." Let me go." Chen Gong felt that this man was a "wolf-hearted disciple", so he abandoned Cao again. After many twists and turns, he finally chose Lu Bu.

4. Jia Xu

Jia Xu was a minister of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. Zi Wenhe, a native of Wuwei Nuguzang (now Wuwei, Gansu Province), was good at using strategies. He first served as a counselor in Guo Si's tent, and then became Zhang Xiu's counselor. Zhang Xiu once used his strategy to defeat Cao Cao in Wancheng, and Zhang Xiu was defeated. Later, he surrendered to Cao Cao. Cao Cao used his ingenious tactics to defeat Yuan Shao in Guandu and Tongguan to defeat Xiliang Ma Chao and Han Sui. After Cao Pi became emperor, he was granted the title of Taiwei and Wei Shoutinghou. He died at the age of seventy-seven.

5. Tian Feng

Yuan Shao Tian Feng was born in Julu, Jizhou. He was well-read and had a lot of power. He once served as a censor in the court. Because he was dissatisfied with the eunuch's exclusive power, he After abandoning his official position and returning home, Yuan Shao launched an army to attack Dong Zhuo. At his invitation, he served as a special commander in order to revive the ambition of saving the royal family. Later, Yuan Shao used Tian Feng's strategy to eliminate Gongsun Zan and pacify Hebei. The tiger occupied the four states. Tian Feng once advised Yuan Shao to take action as soon as possible. Xu, to please the emperor and take the political initiative, Yuan Shao could not follow. In the fourth year of Jian'an, Cao Yuan fought for hegemony, and Tian Feng also proposed a long-term strategy of steady attack. Yuan Shao insisted on marching south and refused to accept it. However, when Cao Cao attacked Liu Bei eastward, he refused Tian Feng's surprise attack on Xudu on the grounds that his son was ill. However, he missed the opportunity. In the battle of Guandu, Tian Feng reconsidered the strategy of holding on to the danger, dividing his troops to loot, and even forcefully admonished the enemy. Yuan Shao thought that he would defeat the enemy and imprison him with weapons.

6. Zhuge Liang

Zhuge Liang, born in 181 AD and died in 234 AD, was a statesman, military strategist and world wizard in the Shu Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period. His courtesy name was Kong Ming. , a native of Langya County (now Yinan, Shandong Province), named Mr. "Wolong", a descendant of Zhuge Feng, the official of the Han Dynasty. He lost his parents when he was young and lived with his uncle. In the 12th year of Jian'an (207 AD), he was killed by Liu Beisan. Touched by Gu Maolu's sincerity, he served as Liu Bei's military advisor and helped Liu Bei occupy Jingzhou, Yizhou, and Hanzhong. He was one of the main commanders of the Chibi War.

7. Lu Xun

Lu Xun, born in 183 AD and died in 254 AD, was a famous Confucian general in the state of Wu. Boyan, named Boyan, was born in Wu County, Wu County (today's Suzhou, Jiangsu Province). He was familiar with the art of war, had a strong mind for the city, and had great talents and strategies. He was known as the Wizard of the South of the Yangtze River. Lu Meng's surprise attack on Jingzhou came from Lu Xun. In 222 AD, Liu Bei attacked Wu, and Lu Xun When he was ordered to be in danger, he defeated Liu Bei with fire in Huting and defeated Cao Xiu with a trick. Sun Quan deposed the prince and went to the capital many times to persuade him. Sun Quan refused to listen and died in anger.

8. Xun Yu

"Come and elegant, with the style of a king" - the Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, in the middle period, Cao Cao almost obeyed his advice.

Xun Yu was born in 163 AD and died in 163 AD. In 212 AD, he was named Wenruo, Xun You's nephew. He first served as an adviser to Yuan Shao, and later joined Cao Cao, participating in military and state decisions, and made great contributions. Later, he was hated by Cao Cao and committed suicide.

9, Pang Tong

Pang Tong, born in 179 AD and died in 214 AD, was a counselor of Liu Bei, courtesy name Shiyuan, from Xiangyang (now Xiangfan, Hubei Province), nicknamed Mr. "Feng Chu" is as famous as Zhuge Liang. When Liu Bei took over Jingzhou, he appointed Pang Tong as the magistrate of Leiyang County. He ignored the county affairs in his county official position. Later, after Zhuge Liang and Lu Su repeatedly recommended him, he was appointed as deputy military adviser and good general. In the 19th year of Jian'an (AD 214), when he and Liu Bei were advancing into central Sichuan, he was shot to death by Liu Zhang's famous general Zhang Ren in an ambush at Luofengpo in Huixian County (today's north of Guanghan, Sichuan Province). After his death, he was given the title of Marquis of Guannei. .

10, Xu Shu

Xu Shu, named Yuanzhi, was a genius in the world. He was friends with Zhuge Liang and Pang Tong in his early years. He joined Liu Bei as a military advisor and helped Liu Bei defeat Cao Cao one after another. Later, another counselor of Cao Cao, Cheng Yu, used a trick to trick Xu Shu into joining Cao Cao. Xu Shu hated Cao Cao because his mother was tricked into committing suicide by Cao Cao, and he never made a plan for Cao Cao in his life.

Extended information

Theme of the work

1. "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" uses characters as a carrier to vividly interpret the basic spirit of traditional Chinese culture, that is, benevolence, righteousness, etiquette, wisdom, trust, courage and other core factors in the value system of traditional Chinese culture.

Liu Bei in the novel is the representative of "benevolence", Guan Yu is the representative of "righteousness", Zhang Fei is the representative of "brave", Zhuge Liang is the representative of "wisdom", and Zhao Yun is the representative of "loyalty" etc. Liu Bei is the central character in the novel and the embodiment of "benevolence" in the spirit of Chinese culture. When Liu Bei is introduced in the first chapter of the novel, it is said: This man was "seven feet five inches tall, with ears hanging down from his shoulders, hands above his knees, eyes that could focus on his ears, a face like a crown of jade, and lips painted with vermilion." Later, he "stepped down from the yellow-maned horse and held a double sword in his hands", thus forming the overall image of Liu Bei in the novel: the work not only depicts Liu Bei's ambitious, respectful and thoughtful character through a large number of specific stories and character evaluations. , the most important thing is to exaggerate Liu Bei's characteristics of generosity and benevolence: the author of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" created the character of Liu Bei as a model of "benevolence". "Benevolence" is the basis of Liu Bei's character, and Liu Bei's character This character is also the embodiment of "benevolence" in traditional Chinese culture and the personification of "benevolence".

2. "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" reveals the historical development law of "the general trend of the world: if it unites for a long time, it must divide, and if it divides for a long time, it must unite".

The first chapter of the novel begins with: "Speaking of the general trend of the world, if we divide for a long time, we will unite, and if we unite for a long time, we will divide. The seven kingdoms revolted at the weekend and unified the world. Later, Guangwu Zhongxing, spread to Emperor Xian, and then divided into three kingdoms." In Chapter 37, when Liu Bei "visited the thatched cottage", he met Zhuge Liang's good friend Cui Zhouping. Cui also talked about the four hundred years of "controlling chaos" in the Han Dynasty: "Since ancient times, the governance of chaos has been unpredictable. Ever since Emperor Gaozu cut the snake and revolted, Qin has no way to control it." , it was a transition from chaos to rule; in the two hundred years of mourning and peace, when peace lasted for a long time, Wang Mang usurped and rebelled, and then moved from rule to chaos; Guangwu Zhongxing, reorganized the foundation, and returned to rule from chaos; for two years now, After a hundred years, the people have been peaceful for a long time, so wars have broken out again. This is a time of transition from rule to chaos, and it cannot be stopped suddenly." And the novel "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" itself. It describes the general trend of the world in the late Han Dynasty, which was "from chaos to rule".

Luo Guanzhong wrote "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" to summarize the rise and fall of history. Or: "If they unite for a long time, they must divide, and if they unite for a long time, they must unite." This is a kind of historical cycle theory or fatalism. However, at least from the "Seven Kingdoms Disruption on Weekends" mentioned in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" to the Qing Dynasty, this law is still consistent with historical facts.

3． The ideological tendency of "supporting Liu and opposing Cao" runs through the work from beginning to end, reflecting the people's desire to support a wise king, yearn for peace, hate tyrants, and oppose unrest.

The novel always describes Shu Han as the center, especially through the image of Liu Bei, the benevolent king, and Zhuge Liang, the wise prime minister. It highlights the theme of the work "support Liu and oppose Cao" and expresses the wishes of the people. As a typical image of the opposite of Shu Han, Cao Cao is: Cao Cao in the novel is both a typical traitor and a symbol of tyrant. It is through criticizing this character that the work reflects the people's desire to hate tyrants and cause reactionary turmoil.

However, in the work, Cao Cao is a "treacherous hero" rather than a traitorous minister. Therefore, although he was often called a "Han thief" by his opponents, he was still a capable counselor and a brave general, and many people still defended him wholeheartedly. Compared with Wu and Shu, Cao Wei had incredible advantages. Because of this, at the end of the novel, Liu Bei, the wise king who was supported by the people, died in Baidi City, while Cao Cao, who was regarded as a "Han thief", almost unified the country. This is a tragedy for the Three Kingdoms and a historical necessity. This also reflects the contradiction between the work and the author's thoughts. ?[15]?

4． Through the story of "loyalty in the Taoyuan", the work vigorously promotes Liu Guan and Zhang's loyalty, thus showing an obvious idea of ??"faithfulness".

The beginning of the novel is "Three sworn brothers in Taoyuan", and the idea of ??"righteousness" runs through the entire work from beginning to end, especially through the image of Guan Yu, which typically promotes the concept of "righteousness". Thought.

Guan Yu is a main character in the novel, and he is particularly famous among the people. The Guan Yu in the novel has the surname Guan Mingyu and the courtesy name Changsheng, which was later changed to Yunchang. Because his beard was two feet long, he was called "The Beautiful Bearded Man". In Chapter 1 of the novel, it is written that he is "nine feet long, with a beard two feet long, a face as heavy as a jujube, and lips as if painted with grease. He has red phoenix eyes, silkworm eyebrows, and a dignified and majestic appearance"; later it is added that he "steps off the red rabbit horse" , the Qinglong Yanyue Sword in his hand", thus forming the overall image of Guan Yu in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms".

Guan Yu's loyal character is also reflected in many places in the work. In fact, it is Guan Yu's "righteousness" side that is highlighted in the work. Guan Yu appears as a typical example of "righteousness" in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", and "righteousness" is the keynote of Guan Yu's character. It can be said that Guan Yu in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is the embodiment of "righteousness" and the personification of "righteousness" in the spirit of the Chinese nation.

5. The work vividly displays the experience and wisdom of various struggles in history through various political, military, diplomatic and other events between the three countries.

"The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" describes a large number of intelligent figures, such as Zhuge Liang, Pang Tong, Xu Shu, and Jiang Wei of the Shu Kingdom, Cao Cao, Sima Yi, Gou Yu, and Deng Ai of the Wei Kingdom, and Wu Guo's Zhou Yu, Lu Su, Lu Xun... these intelligent figures are actually just like the Bao Gong mentioned by Hu Shi. They are all "arrow-stack" figures and the embodiment of the wisdom of the Chinese people.

The story of the Three Kingdoms told by these intelligent characters, whether it is the ever-changing wars, complex diplomacy, or the politics of governing the country and the people, all shine with the wisdom of the Chinese people. Among them, the most representative intelligent figure is Zhuge Liang.

In "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Zhuge Liang is the author who exerts the most effort and the deepest emotion, and is also the character who takes up the largest space in the work. Therefore, some people say that Zhuge Liang is the real protagonist of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms". This also clearly reflects the author Luo Guanzhong's rural concept.

In fact, Zhuge Liang appears in the work as a typical example of "wisdom". It can be said that Zhuge Liang is the embodiment of "wisdom" and the personification of the "wisdom" of the Chinese nation.

Baidu Encyclopedia: Romance of the Three Kingdoms