After more than 3 years of development and reform since the reform and opening up, the situation in which public power was infinitely extended and private rights were absolutely weak in the past has been greatly improved, and the degree of civil rights protection has been greatly improved. However, the lack of restriction of public power is still relatively common, which has formed realistic obstacles to the major tasks faced by the party and the country, such as building a harmonious society, changing the development mode, developing the private economy, maintaining social stability, and there is a big gap from the requirements of building a socialist democratic country ruled by law. It is urgent to take practical and effective ways to restrict public power.

restrict public power through external supervision. The party and the state have made great efforts in strengthening the internal supervision of public power. Although some achievements have been made, its limitations are very obvious. More efforts should be made to strengthen external supervision in the future. The first is to strengthen the supervision of the NPC over the government. Major reforms have been made to the people's congress system to make it an independent legislative and supervisory body in essence. At present, the practice that the party secretary concurrently serves as the director of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, which is common in various places, has greatly weakened the independence of the National People's Congress and should be eliminated. Reasonable system design should be carried out for the generation mode and incentive mechanism of deputies to people's congresses at all levels, so that they have enough motivation to absorb public opinion and supervise the government. The second is to strengthen supervision by public opinion. The rapid development and popularization of modern information technology, represented by the Internet, has provided convenient and quick channels for the public to express their opinions and discuss politics, and also provided favorable conditions for strengthening public opinion supervision. However, at present, the control of public opinion is too strict, and the supervision function of public opinion on public power has been greatly weakened. As a result, the credibility of the government has been seriously damaged, and gossip and political jokes have been flying all over the place, with the opposite effect. "Let people talk, the sky won't fall". ?

restrict public power by strengthening the rule of law. Over the past decade or so, a number of laws aimed at restricting and regulating the exercise of public power have been promulgated one after another, and great progress has been made in "letting public power run on the track of the legal system". However, due to the strong intervention of local judicial departments at all levels by local governments at the same level, the lack of compliance with laws and judicial justice makes it difficult to achieve the legislative purpose of restricting public power through laws. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the independence of the judiciary. We should gradually realize the complete decoupling of the financial guarantee and personnel appointment and dismissal of judicial departments at all levels from local governments at the same level, and clear away the key factors that hinder judicial independence.

2. Abolish privilege:

The widespread existence of privilege reflects the legacy of feudal monarchy, which seriously alienates people's hearts and damages the image of the party and the government. It is incompatible with the concepts of democracy, rule of law, fairness and justice advocated by the central government and should be abolished as soon as possible. It is suggested to adopt a step-by-step approach. First, those who are most disgusted and strongly reflected by the masses are found through public opinion surveys, and they are explicitly prohibited or abolished in the form of decrees. After that, we conducted detailed investigation and sorting out, and actively created conditions to abolish all kinds of privileges one by one as soon as possible. "One action is better than a dozen programs", and it will be the best interpretation of its advanced nature for the producers to abolish privileges.

3. Advocating civil rights:

Advocating civil rights and restricting public rights are actually two sides of the same coin. Restricting public power means giving private rights more protection and activity space, and the full awakening of citizens' awareness of rights is the most fundamental reliance to restrict the illegal expansion and wanton abuse of public power. At this stage, we should strengthen community autonomy as an important starting point for expanding civil rights. Promoting community autonomy is an effective form of developing grass-roots democracy, enabling people to exercise their democratic rights according to law, and implementing self-management, self-education and self-supervision. For example, in urban communities, with effective community autonomy, many affairs no longer need the intervention of public power such as "urban management", but can be solved through democratic consultation and cooperation among various stakeholders in the community. Another example is in rural areas of Chengdu, where the use of funds allocated by the government for supporting agriculture is left to the villagers to discuss and decide independently, and good results have been achieved. Promoting and realizing community autonomy is an inevitable requirement of the current civil society transformation and expanding grassroots democracy, and it is also conducive to reducing administrative costs, reducing conflicts between officials and people, and promoting social harmony and stability.