It expresses the author's love for the motherland and his lofty patriotism.

Introduction to the article:

"The Last Lesson" is a short story written by the French novelist Alphonse Daudet. It was first published in "The Story of the Moon" in 1873. .

"The Last Lesson" tells the story of a rural primary school that was forcibly ceded by Prussia during the Franco-Prussian War and had the last lesson to say goodbye to its mother tongue. It shows the entire occupied area through the eyes of a child. Humiliation and deep longing for his homeland.

"The Last Lesson" has refined material, concise text, clear theme, and compact structure. Each paragraph and sentence closely echoes the title. There is no nonsense and no idle prose. These two thousand words can be said to be the best. Words have a function, and there is infinite and far-reaching artistic conception between the lines. Extended information

Writing background:

Daudet experienced the Franco-Prussian War from 1870 to 1871, and was drafted into the army at that time. The Franco-Prussian War was a war in modern European history. The war was started by France. The Second French Emperor Louis Bonaparte (also known as Napoleon III) declared war on Prussia in order to prevent the Kingdom of Prussia from using force to unify the German states and to maintain French hegemony on the European continent.

But after the war began, the French army suffered numerous defeats. In the decisive battle of Sedan in eastern France in September 1870, the French army suffered a disastrous defeat. Louis Bonaparte himself became a prisoner of the Prussians. . Prussian Prime Minister Bismarck was also an ambitious guy. After defeating France and completing the unification of Germany, he then coveted French territory and also wanted to dominate the European continent.

Taking advantage of the defeat of the French army at Sedan and the chaos in France, the Prussian army marched straight into Paris until it surrounded Paris. Prussian soldiers burned, killed and looted wherever they went, arousing the anger of all walks of life in France. At this time, the nature of the war had changed into Prussia's war of aggression against France. People across France took up arms to fight against the Prussian invaders and defend their motherland. The workers in Paris also revolted on March 18, 1871, establishing the first war in world history. Proletarian power - the Paris Commune.

However, the bourgeois national defense government temporarily established after the fall of the Second Empire sold itself to the invaders for glory and became the enemy of the people. Relying on the bayonets of the Prussians, they bloodyly suppressed the Paris Commune and concluded agreements and treaties with the invaders that were humiliating and humiliating to the country. In the Treaty of Frankfurt in May 1871, France promised to pay an indemnity of five billion francs and cede the entire province of Alsace and part of Lorraine to Prussia.

From then on, the people of Alsace and eastern Lorraine were ravaged by foreigners and suffered from national subjugation for half a century. They did not return to the embrace of their motherland until after World War I. Daudet witnessed the tragic defeat of France in the Franco-Prussian War and was infected by the patriotic spirit of the people. The war life expanded his horizons and gained new sources of creation.

The short story collection "Yue Yao Stories" published in 1873 is the crystallization of his creation during this period. Among them is a group of works that directly take the Franco-Prussian War as the theme, or expose the corruption and satire of the Second Reich army. The short story "The Last Lesson" is the first article in this collection, depicting the despicable incompetence of military generals, or praising ordinary people's love for their motherland and their will to resist aggression.

Character background:

Little Franz: After the Franco-Prussian War, little Franz lived and studied in a small town in the Alsace province of France. He was a naughty and mischievous man. As a primary school student, he was often late for school and skipped school. The war between his motherland and Prussia seemed far away to him. But the teacher announced in class that this was the last French lesson, and the little heart was immediately filled with hatred for the intruders and regret for the wasted time in the past.

Hammel: The most successful character created in "The Last Lesson", Mr. Hamel has been teaching for 40 years and dedicated his life to the people of Alsace. He loves his motherland and firmly believes that the French language is the most beautiful, clearest and most rigorous language in the world.

For 40 years, he has served the school diligently. Even in the last class before he was forced to resign, he patiently explained, "I want to impart all my knowledge to the school before he leaves." We have them drilled into our brains all at once.”