The working model of a reporter is: topic selection-interviewing-writing
The social responsibilities that journalists should bear can be roughly divided into three categories: communication responsibility, political responsibility and cultural responsibility.
1． Dissemination Responsibility
Dissemination of information is the most basic of all responsibilities that journalists have to bear. We should pay special attention to three points here: first, we must not omit news, we must not act, and we must report what should be reported; second, we must not report false news, and we must not engage in job-related crimes; third, we must try our best to report big news and do our best work. good.
(1) Regarding not reporting news. There are generally two reasons for not reporting news. One is laziness, negligence, and dereliction of duty. The other is "paid ignorance" by using power for personal gain. In 2002, 11 journalists from a central news unit and two local tabloids were investigated for accepting gold ingots and cash totaling 74,600 yuan from the parties, and therefore did not report a mining disaster in a mine. This is a typical case.
(2) About fake news. The purpose of posting fake news is often for authors to get published, and for the media to cause a sensation, expand distribution, gain advertising, and rely on business rules to create news. There are two main speculation techniques: one is literary, making up stories. The second is to take advantage of politics, capture the political atmosphere, and make up news around the central work.
(3) About reporting big news. As a reporter, you cannot fail to report or report incorrectly. This most basic problem has been solved, which is what to report. It's very simple, choose the biggest thing to repay.
The influence of news is based on the size of the audience. If there is no information, there will be no news. If there is no event, there will be no reporters. If there is no big event, there will be no great reporters. All major events are matters that rise to the political level. Various things happen in society every day, and most of them only affect one moment, one place, and some people. However, no matter what the content of the matter is, whether it is economic, military, diplomatic, health, sports, or literature and art, if it is enough When it affects a province, a country, the whole world, and concerns the interests of the greatest number of people, it is politics. The SARS epidemic in 2003 was originally about health but turned into politics; the 2008 Olympics was about sports but also politics. When the Taiwan Kuomintang delegation visited the mainland in 2005, the third KMT handshake was about politics; when the Tibet Railway opened to traffic in 2006, it was about politics. Why? These things have great influence and are related to the fate of the country and the nation. It is the news that has the greatest social repercussions and must be grabbed by reporters. It is also the biggest capital and the best shortcut for reporters to become famous. It is impossible to be a famous journalist but exclude politics and avoid major events. Only by standing on the shoulders of politics can one become a famous journalist.
2. Political Responsibility
Political responsibility means that we must act in accordance with political principles and disciplines in the stages of gathering, editing, reporting, and broadcasting. Political responsibilities can be subdivided into three types of responsibilities.
(1) Safety responsibility. News is the glue and lubricant of society and has special responsibilities in national security and stability. Whether to retaliate or not, to retaliate big or small, there is politics involved in this. In terms of fulfilling national security responsibilities, it is normal for a reporter to do well, but if he does not do well, he will definitely cause big trouble, let alone success. With today's developed electronic media and the popularization of the Internet, it is necessary to create public opinion, control information, and Guiding information has become a means of struggle.
(2) Guidance responsibility. When mass media considers where to direct the public, there are at least two criteria. One is the political criterion, which is the interests of the country and the nation; the other is the moral criterion, which is to improve the moral level of the whole society. These two items constitute the value system of society and also determine the value orientation and responsibilities of journalists. Failure to comply with these two items is misleading. What guide? Two points: First, rely on direct guidance through speech and have a clear-cut stand. The second is to rely on guidance from a large amount of facts and information. Pay special attention to using headlines as a guide. Both editors and readers read the headlines first. The front page is the face, and the headlines are the eyes. Writing good headlines and choosing good headlines will test the comprehensive ability of media people, especially the political orientation ability. There is a "three points and one line" formula here: you must first know what the central government is focusing on, which is the overall situation; second, you must understand what the masses are thinking, which is the basis; and then find out what is in line with the spirit of the central government and reflect the masses. The news fact that calls for it is the point in the middle. If the three points and one line are achieved, it will be a good headline and the guidance will be successful. You have fulfilled your responsibility as a guide.
(3) Supervision responsibility. Half the success of media and journalists is supervision. This tests your position, judgment, and wisdom, and ultimately increases your influence. Journalists should regard it as a sacred mission and an opportunity for success.
Generally speaking, the impact of supervision and critical drafts is greater than the impact of positive drafts, and the personal fame effect on journalists is also greater. Supervision is the most difficult to grasp among political responsibilities and needs to be used with caution.
However, the power of supervision cannot be abused, let alone used for private purposes. For example: a reporter sent a critical article to the local government to extort money or property, and his reputation was ruined. For a reporter to fulfill political responsibilities and speak politics, his role at this time is not simply to disseminate information, but to stand on the overall situation and use news methods and news rules to safeguard national interests and the interests of the people. , to push history forward. When you fulfill your political responsibilities as a reporter to the fullest, you have unknowingly shifted and matured into a politician. What a success it is to go from being a journalist to being a politician.
3． Cultural Responsibility
What is culture? The dictionary explains: "Culture is the sum of material wealth and spiritual wealth, and generally refers to spiritual wealth in particular." There are four conditions for the formation of advanced culture: there must be accumulation that surpasses previous generations; there must be criticism of mistakes or backwardness; there must be the creation of new personalities; it must withstand the test of practice and be popularized. Namely: accumulation, criticality, creativity and popularization.