"
Wonderful reading guide
After decades of teaching, I have come to realize that establishing a good relationship between teachers and students is one of the most important skills in a teacher's career. Establishing a good, mutual trust and intimate relationship between teachers and students is an educational art that needs teachers' lifelong learning and research.
"
Text/Liu Changming, former principal of North No.4 Middle School, 14 years principal experience, 30 years teaching experience.
1
15 empirical research shows that:
The relationship between teachers and students is the key factor affecting education.
John Hattie, a New Zealand educator, spent 15 years to conduct the largest empirical research on the factors affecting the teaching effect in history-
He searched more than 800 meta-analyses, covering 52,637 research papers and14,6142 effects, involving nearly 240 million students from different countries, nationalities, social status and cultural backgrounds, and finally summed up 138 important factors affecting academic performance. The conclusion is that "teachers' strength and feedback" is the most important factor affecting education.
These 138 important factors are divided into six categories: family, students, schools, teachers, teaching and courses, and the relationship between teachers and students ranks 1 1 among the 65438 important factors. John Hattie explained a well-known educational principle with an empirical method, as China's ancestor said-"Be close to his teacher and believe in his way".
Although "being close to teachers and believing in their way" is an educational principle that teachers are familiar with and firmly believe in. But how can we make students "pro-teachers"? For a long time, we have been short of in-depth, systematic and scientific research and solution to this problem.
No matter when studying in normal colleges or receiving continuing education after entering the job, most teachers rarely receive such training. In recent years, some extreme events caused by the deterioration of teacher-student relationship have complicated social reasons, but it also shows that how to build a normal, harmonious and intimate teacher-student relationship is an important professional skill that many teachers urgently need to improve.
2
The relationship between teachers and students determines a school.
Cultural atmosphere and spiritual characteristics
I think establishing a close relationship between teachers and students is one of the key conditions to achieve the best educational effect.
When students are interested in a subject because they like a teacher, they will be willing to study this subject, and they will show higher enthusiasm, greater dedication, stronger interest, more positive spirit, more positive attitude, more tenacious perseverance and stronger courage and determination to overcome difficulties in the learning process. Almost every teacher has encountered such a thing, and regards it as the success of his own education, from which he feels a sense of accomplishment and happiness as a teacher.
The relationship between teachers and students not only affects students' grades. Every excellent teacher is a master of building a harmonious relationship between teachers and students. They can naturally establish a close relationship with students, so that their words and deeds have a lasting effect on students' minds, thus affecting the formation of students' emotions, attitudes and values.
American national teacher Philip Biegler wrote in Confessions of the Best Teacher in America, "Mastering teaching strategies and skills is not enough to be an excellent teacher. Excellent teachers are full of hope and make people believe that there are a thousand reasons to embrace life. "
Kim Bearden, co-founder and executive principal of ron clarke School in the United States, pointed out in his book "Students Teach Me to Be a Teacher" that establishing close relationship with students is a basic element of my ability. I can use this to guide them, shape them and help them find success. She learned the importance of establishing interpersonal and intimate relationships from students, learned optimism and had high expectations for students. She also learned how to overcome her fears, how to appreciate and discover the unique talents of others, and how to live enthusiastically.
The relationship between teachers and students is so important that I even think that the relationship between teachers and students determines the cultural atmosphere and spiritual characteristics of a group and even a school.
A friend of mine once explored teaching reform in a rural school. He organized an experimental class of teaching reform. By traditional standards, the quality of this class is very poor. Simply put, it is a class composed of "poor students" (let's use the word "poor students")-all students have been thought in advance to be doomed to not enter the university.
This friend and the class teacher (an ordinary Chinese teacher) fully trust the students to develop independently-set up their own class organization, manage their own classes, give their own lectures, and organize their own activities, including parent-teacher conferences. They called this teaching reform experiment "Rise". Reading-extensive reading; Dependence-self-management; Change service attitude through social service activities; Experience-attach importance to experiential learning.
A few years later, a group of students in this class went to college, even to foreign universities. What's even more surprising is that these students show leadership beyond their peers-they train teachers and publicize their ideas and practices while being students, and among the teachers who come to participate in the training, there are their junior high school class teachers and classroom teachers. A few years ago, the head teacher of this class and several students attended the education forum of Harvard University, and their speeches won a standing ovation.
The core and key of this teaching reform practice is to change the attitude towards students: teachers change their attitude towards students, students change their attitude towards study and life, and attitude determines development.
We are used to thinking that "poor students" cannot develop independently. For "poor students", it is necessary to strictly manage and strengthen training, and they cannot be given free space. However, this case makes us have to think about some questions:
Can "poor students" study independently without a teacher (not relying entirely on the teacher to give lectures)? Can "poor students" manage themselves well? Can "poor students" engage in activities other than classroom or book (sports training) study? Can "poor students" determine the development goal of surpassing exams and entering higher schools? Can "poor students" cultivate a sense of spiritual loftiness? Can "poor students" get a sense of happiness and happiness of progress and success? In a word, we must think more essentially about the value of education.
After decades of teaching, I have come to realize that establishing a good relationship between teachers and students is one of the most important skills in a teacher's career. Establishing a good, mutual trust and intimate relationship between teachers and students is an educational art that needs teachers' lifelong learning and research.
three
How to establish a good relationship between teachers and students
The ability to establish a good relationship between teachers and students is the embodiment of teachers' educational ability or influence. On the basis of long-term observation and summary of some excellent teachers' practices, I put forward some relevant suggestions, hoping to help the work of my peers.
1 It's important for students to know their teachers fully, and it's also important for students to know themselves as much as possible and to establish a good teacher-student relationship.
The first class is the beginning of getting along with teachers and students, the beginning of implementing education and influence, and an important opportunity to establish a good relationship between teachers and students. The teacher will introduce himself in the first class. However, some teachers don't pay enough attention to this. They simply introduce their names and subjects to students, and then rush to make progress and explain the course content, learning methods and learning requirements.
Of course, it is very important for teachers to introduce the interesting content and charm of their subjects. Some science teachers often use interesting experiments to attract students and stimulate their interest in learning. These practices have certain effects.
At the same time, it is as important or even more important for teachers to introduce themselves as it is to introduce courses. Because every student is willing to know as soon as possible what kind of teacher he will be with in the next year or even years. In the first class, students' first impression of the teacher is more critical.
Because the beginning class has special significance and function, excellent teachers know how to seize this opportunity and fully display their personal charm. I have met some teachers who have a good relationship with students, and their initial classes are still vivid in my mind.
Some show students beautiful photos of their living art, photos of their happy family life and commemorative photos of their traveling around the world, so as to tell students that your teachers not only teach, but also love beautiful things, life and family, and life is fun, well-informed and experienced ... Such photos often arouse students' amazement (I always think that teachers' love for beauty is an advantage rather than a disadvantage, and if teachers have such innate advantages, they will certainly be amazed.
Which child is unwilling to get along with such a teacher? They believe that this is a caring teacher and it will be interesting to get along with such a teacher. This teacher will bring them rich study life, and they will feel more love from the teacher. They are willing to be with such a teacher.
Let students know their hobbies. I remember that when a teacher introduced his sports hobbies and sports level to the students, the whole class couldn't help shouting "Wow". I think this shout already shows that students are beginning to like and even admire their teachers. Teachers, especially science teachers, should introduce their favorite literary works to students, so that students can know the taste and pursuit of teachers.
I remember that once a teacher told a student his favorite novel, and the students raised their hands excitedly to show that they also liked the work, and even exchanged opinions with the teacher (I think it is worthwhile for the teacher to discuss with the students for a minute or two). Teachers can also introduce their favorite singers and movie stars to students and talk about a favorite song or a plot in a movie.
I remember once in class, a teacher talked about this, and the students listened with relish, and laughter and applause broke out in the classroom. This is the emotional voice between teachers and students, and it is a good start to establish a good relationship between teachers and students.
Let students know their spiritual world. For example, some teachers introduce their admirers and favorite quotes to students and explain why they like them. This will cause students to think about the meaning and value of life. I remember in a class, a teacher introduced a famous person he liked to his students. He likes this celebrity, not because of his fame, but because of an important and touching experience in his growing up.
Undoubtedly, the teacher explained his profound understanding of life and growth by sharing other people's life experiences. It is sometimes necessary for teachers to let students know about their past life and growth. I believe these will become the topics for teachers and students to discuss the meaning of life in the future.
It doesn't mean that all teachers' introductions should be completed in this class. Teachers should consciously let students have a process of understanding themselves from the superficial to the deep, from the outside to the inside, from the incomplete to the more comprehensive.
How teachers let students know themselves is also an art of education.
It is important that teachers should let students have a comprehensive understanding of themselves. Because excellent teachers know that their role is not only to impart book knowledge, but also to let students master problem-solving skills, and they are responsible for educating people in an all-round way.
Let students know about your life, your hobbies, your tastes, your specialties, your thoughts and your inner world, and you will build many bridges of communication with students. You will leave many topics for yourself to discuss with students, and you will sow many seeds in students' hearts. You will also leave many opportunities to be fully prepared for exerting educational influence on students in the future.
As the saying goes, good friends talk about everything. When you let the students fully understand themselves, you have already shown them that I am willing to be good friends with you, and we will definitely become good friends. Students can appreciate and understand all this.
Call out the names of each student. Every student is very concerned about his position in the teacher's mind.
Westminster Middle School, located next to Westminster Abbey in London, England, is a famous high school in Britain, and countless students want to enter this school every year. But there are only a few hundred students in this school. A few years ago, when I visited this school, I met the school recruiting students. There are more than 400 students enrolled, but the number of supplementary enrollment places is insufficient 10.
I asked the headmaster, Dr. Spool, why don't you expand the scale and recruit more students, because so many students want to go to school. The answer he gave was simple-I can name every student in the school. Obviously, he thinks this is the basic principle to determine the size of the school. At present, some of our schools are so large that it is not easy for principals to remember the names of all teachers and even cadres.
One year I was a class teacher, and the monitor was a famous teacher Ding Rong. She is an excellent class teacher in China, and has rich experience in ideological work for class teachers and students. She arranged the work of the head teacher into a clear series, and it was clear when and what to do. She made a clear request to our class teacher: When you meet a student for the first time, you must call out the student's name accurately. So we have an assignment during the holiday-by comparing the photos on the student ID cards, reciting the students' names and trying to remember the parents' information.
It is also important for teachers to accurately call out students' names. Teachers have less contact with students than class teachers, so it takes energy to remember students' names in a short time.
Some teachers are used to calling their student numbers, which is very undesirable. This makes it impossible for students to judge their position in the eyes of teachers, and makes students always feel that they are not valued by teachers and are dispensable in the collective. In this way, the relationship between teachers and students will become more and more alienated, and even directly affect the enthusiasm of students to learn this subject.
I have read some students' essays on teaching evaluation, which shows the effect of teachers remembering students' names quickly. A student wrote: "Less than two months after the start of school, Teacher XX did something that impressed me very much: when he asked me to speak, he called my name, not my student number, nor' this classmate'! He called the name of the whole class! He had been teaching us for less than two months. He is not a class teacher and has little contact with his classmates, but he can do it in class. I am really touched. "
It is common for teachers to call out students' names, but it is so important for students. If a teacher can't name the students, he will never walk into their hearts.
Greet the students warmly. Teachers usually meet students, greet them warmly and say a few words of warm concern, which is also an effective way to improve the relationship between teachers and students.
A student wrote in his composition: "It is a great pleasure to say hello to Mr. XX every time I meet him in the corridor. The teacher always smiles brightly and responds loudly with a warm voice, which makes people feel as if the teacher is saying to you: It's another day! Greet me and you will have a good mood! ……
Once we met in the corridor, Teacher XX stopped me and asked, Did you change shifts? I said yes. The teacher asked me again if I was used to it. Tell me if you have any difficulties. Now that I think about it, this may just be an unintentional question from the teacher at that time. Maybe he doesn't remember now. But as far as I am concerned, the collective panic and discomfort of new students in strange classes will be reduced because of this seemingly unintentional warmth ... I hope more teachers will not be stingy with their little charity. Because you never know when your casual actions will warm a student's heart. "
In fact, just like the relationship between people, the relationship between teachers and students is established through the little things in life. This tells us that as a teacher, in the interaction with students, no detail can be ignored.