First, to stimulate interest in reading, so that students are willing to read
Stories are children's favorite literary forms and the gateway for children to know the world. Children's extracurricular reading should start with the stories they are most interested in, and gradually cultivate their reading ability from listening to stories, reading stories and telling stories. In addition, teachers should introduce some characters, content outlines or wonderful fragments to students purposefully and in a planned way to stimulate students' desire to "see the original for details". For example, after learning The Little Match Girl in Chinese class, I recommend Selected Fairy Tales of Andersen. After learning Helen Keller, I recommend that if you give me three days. After studying "Exploring the Universe" in science class, I recommend "We only have one earth". After learning "Helping others" in the moral and social class, I recommend "The Story of Lei Feng"; Interest group activities recommend "Chinese learning for primary school students" ... so that students will be inspired by interest, ask to borrow books to read, and feel the charm of famous books and the art of splendid culture in reading. Practice has proved that only by cultivating students' interest in extracurricular reading can students change from asking me to reading.
Second, create a reading environment so that students can read diligently.
We should make full use of all available conditions to create a good reading environment for students. Teachers can first put up famous sayings on the wall of the classroom to enjoy and promote learning, such as: "There is a hard way to learn in books, but there is no end to learning." "Knowing is not as good as knowing, and knowing is not as good as enjoying"; "Books are the ladder of human progress", "Books are still medicine, and good books can cure fools" and so on, so that these famous aphorisms can enter the hearts of students. Secondly, let students try to create a desk culture, choose their favorite aphorisms about reading and post them on the desk. Such as "Reading thousands of books, writing like a god", "Knowing 300 poems of Tang Dynasty, you can sing without writing poems" and "The book has its own golden room", etc. At the same time, it also uses newspaper clippings, blackboard newspapers and other forms to publicize stories and anecdotes of celebrity reading. In order to infect students, understand the function of reading and cultivate students' interest in reading. Introduce some talented people around you and create a learned model to infect students. I have a friend who is a doctor, undergraduate and chief physician. He is not only skilled in medicine, but also knowledgeable. Whenever we talk about classical literature and Chinese and foreign classics, he always quotes classics and gushes. I also admire him as a teacher, which shows how charming knowledge is. The teacher's profound knowledge, good quality and sound personality all affect the growth of children invisibly. In order to encourage students to study hard, I also know their reading content and scope in detail according to their age, personality, psychology and other characteristics, and then put myself into reading and read with students. And use spare time or classroom time to tell a famous story, classic fable and magical myth that I have read intentionally or unintentionally, so that the feelings of self-reading can enter the hearts of students and arouse their resonance; At the same time, it also has a strong curiosity and competitive desire. I wonder how the teacher knows so much. I know more than the teacher. Sometimes, I will read it fluently and tell students mysteriously that you will know it when you go to high school and college, so as to stimulate reading expectation and cultivate their reading interest. In short, teachers should strive to improve their literacy, and strive to be knowledgeable and read widely, so as to infect students and let them understand that "it is never too old to learn".
Third, guide reading methods to make students good at reading.
The new curriculum standard advocates expanding students' extracurricular reading, and puts forward different requirements for extracurricular reading in all grades. It can be seen that extracurricular reading plays a very important role in Chinese teaching in primary schools. In order to improve the quality of reading, teachers should actively guide students to master better extracurricular reading methods, so as to cultivate good reading habits and make students read better and gain more. There are many reading methods, among which "three", "three methods" and "three combinations" are commonly used. "Three to three" is what the ancients emphasized, that is, "the heart reaches, the eyes reach, and the mouth reaches". This method can improve the timeliness and exploration of students' reading and let them learn to read effectively. Pupils are not focused enough. If they just look with their eyes, they are easily distracted. If you use pen circles, dots, drawings and notes in the reading process to fully mobilize various sensory organs, you can concentrate and improve the reading effect. "Three methods" is to let students learn to choose different reading methods according to different reading needs, so as to better improve the reading effect, mainly including selection method, browsing method and intensive reading method. "Three combinations" is to closely link reading with listening, speaking, reading and writing training in Chinese teaching, so as to improve reading ability, dictation ability and writing ability.
Fourth, carry out reading activities to let students enjoy reading.
In order to keep students' interest in reading and improve reading efficiency, teachers should always guide them to carry out colorful reading exchange activities. Such as organizing an exhibition of reading notes. Guide and help students to show good reading notes within the grade or school scope for students to observe and refer to. Organize essay-writing activities, carry out "reading for one" essay-writing activities for excellent books recommended by the school, and commend and reward excellent books. Organize reading lectures and combine reading activities with speech activities. Hold story meetings, regularly hold extracurricular reading story meetings, promote righteousness, cultivate sentiment, and cultivate students' oral expression ability. Organize knowledge contests, and organize students to have knowledge contests during the activity class. By answering the author of a book or an article, idioms, allusions, famous sentences and aphorisms in the book, playing dialogue recordings, identifying the characters in the works, analyzing the characters' personalities, cultivating students' rigorous and practical style of study, enriching their knowledge and broadening their horizons. There are also speed reading competitions, people's comments and experience exchanges. These activities can not only improve students' reading ability, but also promote students' overall learning level and comprehensive quality.