Confucius said: "Isn't it a pleasure to learn and practice from time to time? Isn't it a pleasure to have friends from afar? A person who doesn't know but is stunned is not a gentleman. What he means is: Confucius said: " Isn’t it also very pleasant to review the knowledge you have learned frequently after studying? Isn’t it nice to have like-minded people coming from far away? If I don’t get angry when others don’t understand me, wouldn’t I also be a morally cultivated person? "
This passage describes the life experience of an ideal scholar. "Learn and practice from time to time" is the beginning of learning, which is a state; "having friends come from afar" is the aftermath of learning. The second realm; the last realm is not what scholars hope for, but what is obtained by studying and improving day by day.
Original text
Confucius said: "Isn't it true that one should learn and practice from time to time?" Wouldn’t it be great to have friends from far away? Isn't it a gentleman if a person doesn't know something but doesn't get upset? "——"Xueer"
Zengzi said: "I examine myself three times every day: Am I being unfaithful to others? Make friends but don’t believe it? Are you not used to it? "——"Xueer"
Confucius said: "At fifteen, I am determined to learn; at thirty, I am established; at forty, I am not confused; at fifty, I know the destiny; at sixty, my ears are attuned; at seventy, I am Follow your heart's desires and do not exceed the rules. "——"Wei Zheng"
Confucius said: "Those who review the past and learn the new can become a teacher. "——"Wei Zheng"
Confucius said: "Learning without thinking will lead to ignorance; thinking without learning will lead to peril. "——"Wei Zheng"
Confucius said: "You are so virtuous that you should return! A basket of food and a ladle of drink, in the back alleys, people can't bear the worries, and they won't change their happiness when they return. Xian Zai, come back! "——"Yong Ye"
Confucius said: "Those who know are not as good as those who are good at it, and those who are good at it are not as good as those who are happy." "——"Yong Ye"
Confucius said: "If you eat sparingly with food, drink water, and bend your arms and rest your head on it, you will also enjoy it. Being rich and noble without justice is like a floating cloud to me. "——"Shu'er"
Confucius said: "When three people are walking together, there must be one who is my teacher. Choose the good ones and follow them, and change the bad ones. "——"Shu Er"
Zi said on the river: "The deceased is like a man who never gave up day and night. "——"Zihan"
Confucius said: "Three armies can seize the commander, but an ordinary man cannot seize the will." "——"Zihan"
Zixia said: "Erudition and sincerity, asking questions and thinking closely, this is where benevolence lies. "——"Zi Zhang"
From the twelve chapters of "The Analects". The selected quotations from the twelve chapters are classic discussions by Confucius and his disciples on learning attitudes, learning methods and personal cultivation. They are all It is a famous aphorism that contains profound philosophy.
Translation
Confucius said: "Isn't it pleasant to learn knowledge and review it regularly? Isn’t it wonderful to have like-minded people coming from far away? "People don't understand me, but I don't get angry. Aren't I also a morally cultivated person?" What about your own efforts? Are you honest and trustworthy in your interactions with friends? Have you reviewed the knowledge taught by the teacher? ”
Confucius said: “I started to be interested in learning at the age of fifteen. I can do things independently at the age of thirty. I can understand things without being confused by foreign things at the age of forty. I can understand things at the age of fifty. For those things that cannot be controlled by humans, at the age of sixty you can listen to different opinions, and at the age of seventy you can do whatever you want without going beyond the rules. ”
Confucius said: “By reviewing the knowledge you have learned, you can gain new understanding and experience, and you can rely on this to become a teacher (of others).” ”
Confucius said: “If you only study without thinking, you will feel confused and at a loss; if you only dream without studying, you will be mentally damaged.” "
Confucius said: "How virtuous, Yan Hui! "A bowl of rice, a ladle of water, living in a simple alley. No one else can bear this kind of poverty, but Yan Hui does not change his interest in learning. "How virtuous, Yan Hui! ”
Confucius said: “Those who know how to learn are not as good as those who love learning, and those who love learning are not as good as those who take learning as happiness.” ”
Confucius said: “Eating whole grains, drinking cold water, and sleeping with your arms bent on it are all part of the fun.” Wealth and honor obtained through unfair means are like floating clouds in the sky to me. ”
Confucius said: “When several people are traveling together, there must be someone among them who can be my teacher.” I choose his strengths to learn from him, and when I find his shortcomings (if I have them myself), I correct my own shortcomings accordingly. "
Confucius said on the river bank: "Time flows like a river, day and night. ”
Confucius said: “The commander-in-chief of the army can be changed, but the aspirations of the common people cannot be changed.” ”
Zixia said, “Being well-read and studying widely, being able to stick to one’s ambitions, asking questions sincerely, and thinking more about the current affairs, this is where benevolence lies. ”
Notes
Zi: Sir, refers to Confucius.
Shi Xi: Review at a certain time.
Hu: Modal particles .
Said: "joy", happy.
愠: angry, angry.
Gentleman: This refers to a morally cultivated person. p>
I: personal pronoun, I.
日: Every day.
Stand: stand firm.
Perplexity: confusion, confusion. .
彔: confused, meaning feeling confused and at a loss as to what to do.
Introduction to the Analects
The Analects is a book that records the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples. It consists of several chapters, most of which are about learning, moral cultivation, and general conduct in life. in principle. The twelve selected chapters expound on the one hand that learning should have a modest and studious attitude, the spirit of diligence, inquiring, and seeking truth from facts; on the other hand, it expounds on the learning methods of reviewing the past to learn the new, combining learning with thinking, and applying what has been learned, which will have an impact on the educational theory of later generations. great. In addition, there are also discussions on issues of ideological and moral cultivation, the principles of educating people and how to behave in the world.
The Analects of Confucius is a collection of quotation-style prose from the pre-Qin period of my country. It mainly records the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples. It was compiled from the records of Confucius's disciples and his subsequent disciples, and was written in the early Warring States period. There are twenty chapters in the book. Chapter four hundred and ninety-two. The first of its kind to be written in the form of quotations, its book more faithfully records the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples, and also reflects Confucius's thoughts more intensively. The core of the political thought of Confucius, the founder of Confucianism, is "benevolence", "propriety" and "righteousness". As a collection of words and deeds by Confucius and his disciples, "The Analects" has a wide range of contents, mostly involving issues of human social life, and has had a significant impact on the psychological quality and moral behavior of the Chinese nation. Until the New Culture Movement in modern times, it had been a must-read book for Chinese beginners for more than two thousand years. As an excellent collection of quotation-style prose, it records Confucius' remarks in concise, concise, implicit and meaningful language. Confucius's teaching words recorded in The Analects of Confucius may be simple responses that stop at the point; they may inspire debates and speak eloquently; they are full of variety and eloquent. Moreover, the Analects of Confucius taught future generations how to behave in society. The Analects of Confucius, the Book of Changes, the Four Classics of the Yellow Emperor, Laozi, and Zhuangzi are the source classics of the Chinese nation. They are not only important carriers of morality and culture, but also ancient sages. The crystallization of wisdom through self-cultivation, enlightenment, and enlightenment.
About the author
Confucius (551 BC-479 BC), whose surname was Qiu and whose courtesy name was Zhongni, was of Han nationality and was a native of Zou Yi (zōu yì) of the State of Lu in the late Spring and Autumn Period. A great thinker, politician and educator in the late Spring and Autumn Period of China, and the founder of Confucianism. He advocates "benevolence" and educates students with the teaching philosophy of "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" and "teaching without distinction". He was later revered as a "saint". Confucius and Mencius are both called "Confucius and Mencius". Confucius is revered as the "Supreme Sage" and Mencius is the "Lesser Sage".