Han Zongxiu from Yichang Experimental Junior High School

Principles to be followed at the beginning:

1. centrality. At the beginning, we must closely follow the main content and central idea of the full text in order to highlight the center.

2. simple. Language should be concise, and it is best to come straight to the point.

Basic requirements at the beginning:

1, set "Tone" for the full text;

2. Set a good writing direction;

3, cut to the chase, don't digress too far;

4. Take the lead.

5, the language is refined, you can't talk nonsense, and you won't get into the topic after a long time.

Frequently asked questions at the beginning

1. Beating around the bush is too far from the point. I always beat around the bush when I put pen to paper. Some people compare it to a big-headed doll.

2. The same format is fixed. Just a few words at the beginning.

3. Pursuing tricks is self-defeating. It is well written, and the expression of thoughts and feelings is unclear, unclear and untrue.

Common constructions begin with 1

1. Point type. Cut to the chase, don't beat around the bush, the first sentence is directed at the title of the article. Novices had better use this method. For example, at the beginning of Kingfisher, "Kingfisher likes to stop on a reed by the water." Another example is Edison.

2. explain. Explain the "four elements" of time, place, people and events at the beginning, such as the beginning of "Taking Death as Home": "193 1 year (time) in late autumn, Comrade Wang Ruofei was unfortunately arrested in Baotou (place) (event)"

3. descriptive style. Or describe people, animals, buildings or the surrounding environment. Give a clear impression. For example, the beginning of Swallow: "A suit of black feathers, smooth and beautiful, a pair of handsome and light ..."

The beginning of general composition 2

Step 4 ask questions. Ask questions at the beginning, or attract readers' attention, or stimulate readers to think, or make suspense fascinating. For example, the beginning of Underwater World: "Do you know what the depths of the sea are like?"

5. quote. Start or quote famous aphorisms to point out the center; Or quote the language of the character to highlight the character; Or quote poems to arouse readers' singing; Or quote proverbs, explain things, and so on. For example, "Guilin Landscape" begins: "People say that Guilin landscape is the best in the world."

6. Lyric style. Speak your mind from the beginning and be emotional. For example, "Farewell to China I Love" begins: "Farewell to China I love and China I love wholeheartedly!" Patriotism and affection came out at once.

Common composition beginning 3

7. Always start. Always get the full text at the beginning. For example, The Great Friendship begins: "Marx and Engels are good friends. They * * * have research knowledge, * * * have ... "

8. Lenovo. The beginning of the article is from far to near, or from one thing to another, and then from other things to what to write, thus setting off what to write. For example, "Spring Silkworm" begins with the association from spring to sericulture, from sericulture to foster mother, and then recalls the scene of raising silkworm by foster mother.

9. Flashback. Start with the result of the matter, be fascinating, and then go back and describe the reason and process of the matter. For example, Memories of Sixteen Years ago begins: "April 18th, 1927, I will never forget that day. It was my father's disaster, and it has been sixteen years now. "

(A) discussion type at the beginning

Everyone will love beauty and appreciate it. For us middle school students,' beauty' is a charming word with unparalleled attraction. For me, I like being rich and free and easy ... "

[Example 2] "There are countless roads in the world, but the most difficult one is probably the road of life, especially the road of studying in my junior high school for three years. ……"

[Example 3] "Without hard work, there is no happiness of harvest; Without the efforts of the hot summer, there will be no impressive achievements. Every study is inseparable from this hard work and effort ... "

[Example 4] "Life is like an endless ocean, sometimes it will set off waves like hills; Sometimes, it will spray glittering and translucent water. Life, so colorful, I love my junior high school life ... "

(2) narrative opening

[Example 5] "I miss my hometown, not only because there are smoke curling up, green bamboo forests, singing and laughing streams, to be honest, there are mouth-watering corn, as well as the warm warmth and warm laughter of the villagers."

[Example 6] "When the sun sets, I walk along the river beach; Behind him, a series of crooked footprints are constantly extending, and the painful past and experiences are constantly emerging with this footprint, which makes people miserable ... "

As we all know, success is always sweet and warm, but my first success was sweet with astringency and astringency with sweetness, which made me feel different. ...

[Example 8] "Over the years, I have never made outstanding achievements in my studies, and I ended up with disappointment and regret. And finally once, I tasted the taste of success, which I will never forget ... "

(C) the beginning of the scene style

[Example 9] "One summer night, the stars were as clear and bright as children's naughty eyes, still blinking. I like summer nights in my hometown best ... "

[Example 10] "In spring and summer, the mountains are covered with snow. That's Zizyphus jujuba in my hometown. Seeing wild jujube flowers reminds me of one of my little neighbors. She is like this lovely little flower, so clear and white ... "

[Example 1 1] "It has fallen, and the dead leaves in late autumn are scattered all over Shan Ye; Near, early winter into the South Garden. My thoughts once again returned to my primary school alma mater, and I once again remembered Mr. Zhang, who tried his best to care for and care for me.

(D) the beginning of the rhetorical question

"When you sit in a spacious and bright classroom and study happily and freely, won't you remember that there are still many lonely and poor children who are rejected by the school?" Compared with them, we are so lucky. Don't you cherish this precious learning opportunity? ……"

Standing by a clear stream, you will appreciate its cleanliness and brightness. But have you ever thought that it would be so pleasing to the eye if it was a stagnant pool? (Write environmental protection) ... "

(5) Quotation opening

Example 14: "As the saying goes,' failure is the mother of success', and only success achieved through failure will be more interesting and interesting ..."

[Example 15] "Confucius said:' Where there is a threesome, there must be a teacher'. My deskmate Xiaogang, like my mentor, let me really know what sincerity is and what friendship is; How to learn to live and make progress ... "

[Example 16] "Wang Bona's famous sentence" Know yourself and know yourself, and fight every battle "is absolutely right. Although I have been separated from my former best friend Xiao Ming for several years, we still keep in touch as if we were neighbors. "

(6) Lyric opening

With excitement, I stepped into the familiar gate and strolled on the familiar boulevard. Ah, alma mater, I'm back! Swallows fly back again ... "

[Example 18] "Apricot trees are not as famous as oranges, and few poets pay attention to them, but I like apricot trees best. Because it is the symbol of our hometown and the blue color of my childhood. I love apricot trees in my hometown ... "

Every time I look at this notebook that Mr. Yuan gave me in the drawer, my sight is blurred and the outline of the bookshelf is blurred, but Mr. Yuan's face is unusually clear. ……"

(7) parallel beginning

[Example 20] "Some people like to listen to intoxicating pop songs, some people like to dance energetic disco, some people are fascinated by dazzling martial arts, and what I am most keen on is wandering in the lobby of Chinese and foreign masterpieces. Because I like Chinese, I prefer literature ... "

[Example 2 1] "If the pyramids in ancient Egypt can remind people of a long history and civilization; If Einstein's theory of relativity can keep people in a theoretical fortress; If yesterday's clouds can melt into this morning's morning glow. But nothing if, do something wrong, no regret medicine to eat ... "

[Example 22] "Autumn, accompanied by fluttering leaves, flies south against the geese, and puts away the summer scrolls. Here you are. In the past, with ..., you came back. "

(8) the beginning of the contrast

As soon as the bell rang, the students rushed out of the classroom laughing or scrambling. Only I stared at the blackboard, recalling the wonderful and thorough analysis of the text by the teacher just now. I love Mr. X's Chinese class ... "

Once yearned for a straight line, like smooth and straight. Then I finally realized that curves are more attractive than straight lines. Because my learning and struggle process is like this curve ... "

[Example 25] "Spring is brilliant and lovely, but it is not as mature as autumn; Summer is indeed passionate, but it is not as elegant as autumn; Although winter is deep and wide, how can it be as meaningful as autumn? I love spring, but I love autumn leaves more ... "

(9) The beginning of suspension type

These days, I have been sitting in the classroom, staring out like a lost soul. Not because I was criticized by the teacher, nor because I was scolded by my parents, but because there is a lonely old man outside who still needs my help and care ... "

Everything in the world is amazing: frogs can play the piano and old cows can climb trees! Who has seen it? But I really met ... "(metaphor of my strange experience)

The end of the composition

Common faults at the end:

1. gild the lily.

2. Formula. Empty call medium.

3. anticlimactic

Step 4 keep urging

Basic requirements for purpose

Basic requirements for the end of the composition:

1, natural beam;

2, memorable, endless words;

3. Appropriate lyricism and discussion;

4. Take care of the beginning and deepen the center.

End of general composition 1

1. Lyric style. The ending directly expresses the author's feelings, thus arousing the readers' heartfelt wishes, from which they are infected and educated. For example, at the end of Goodbye, Dear People, "Goodbye, Dear People, our hearts will always be with you."

Together. "

2. Evaluation type. At the end, summarize and evaluate people or things, express the author's point of view and highlight the center of the article. For example, at the end of The Five Strong Men of Langya Mountain: "This is the unyielding voice of the heroic people of China, which is earth-shattering and magnificent."

Common combination ending 2

3. Natural style. The matter is over, and the article is over. For example, at the end of Sparrow: "I hurriedly called back my hound and walked away with it."

4. anaphora. The ending is still the same topic, which echoes from afar; Or with the beginning, collect the full text. For example, the Summer Palace ends with: "The scenery in the Summer Palace is really beautiful!" Starting with "The Summer Palace in Beijing is a beautiful big park", it effectively highlights the center.

5. expand. End or expand the association, from this to that, from the outside to the inside, deepen the theme; Or summarize and improve, so that the theme can be sublimated. For example, at the end of the tall Gleditsia sinensis tree: "Thinking, thinking, as if a seed took root in my heart ..."

(A) the lyrical ending of landscape writing

On my way home, I suddenly found that the sky was exceptionally blue, the clouds were exceptionally white and the sun was exceptionally bright. I can't help shouting at the blue sky and white clouds: I can finally succeed! "

I see, without this beautiful morning, how can there be a better and more energetic new day? I like spring mornings! "

Implicit emotional ending

[Example 3] "At this moment, I opened the diary that Liu Hui's mother gave me, and the title page said,' Zhu Wen, please strive for self-improvement!'" "I can't help but be moved to tears again. "

Example 4: "I won the third place in this 800-meter track, but I have just started on the track of my life. How many struggles and struggles are waiting for me!"

(2) Summarize and understand the ending.

Through this incident, I finally understand the truth that true friendship lies in mutual trust and help, not taking from each other. May sincere friendship last forever! "

For many years, I have always treasured this precious notebook given to me by Mr. Zhang, and recorded my growth and ideological experience in it forever. If one day, teacher Zhang meets me again, he will find: I have finally grown up! "

A powerful ending of a short sentence

(that is, a single sentence is divided into paragraphs)

[Example 7] "Ah, what an unforgettable junior high school life!"

[Example 8] "However, my story is not over!"

[Example 9] "A bunch of bastards!" ("continuous promotion to the third level")

[Example 10] "Serves you right!" (On the Collapse of Leifeng Tower)

(D) Flexible use of rhetorical endings 1

[Example11-metaphor] "Since then, our friendship has deepened, and a pair of swallows are flying freely and happily in the blue sky of friendship."

I don't know which philosopher said,' He who laughs last laughs best'. How well this is said! "

Example13-personification: "Although bees are small, how noble they are. Xiao Juan is actually such a little bee! "

(E) flexible use of rhetoric ending 2

[Example 14-Paibi] "Elaeagnus angustifolia has no name in its poems, no pictures in its paintings, and no sound in its songs. It silently bears the vicissitudes of the years and sends out a powerful call with its own passion-the people in my hometown will always love you! "

[Example 15- exaggeration] "This is no ordinary tear. Every drop and pearl is priceless friendship and pearl!"

[Example 16- Question] "Did we win? No, this is just the beginning of a new life! "