A brief introduction to the celebrity, Meng Zi's birth and death year (about 372- 289 BC). Thinkers, politicians and educators in the Warring States period. The master of Confucianism after Confucius was later called "Ya Sheng". Zou (now southeast of Zoucheng, Shandong Province) was born. His teacher is a disciple of Kong Ji (Zisi), the grandson of Confucius. He has traveled to Qi, Song, Teng and Wei countries to promote Wang Zhidao first. Not to be adopted, I returned to give lectures and write books with my disciples, and wrote 7 pieces of Mencius. Mencius maintained and developed Confucianism and put forward the theory of "benevolent government" and "good nature", which had a great influence on the Song Dynasty. Mencius recorded Mencius' words and deeds, with a sharp pen, and often used exaggeration, metaphor and fable stories to enhance persuasiveness. It is a special collection of essays with great characteristics in the pre-Qin period. The classic saying: wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent. The famous saying explains lewdness: chaos. Move: change. Qu: yield. Wealth can't mess with my heart, poverty can't change my ambition, and power can't change my integrity. To be a real hero, these three are indispensable. Mencius, a famous thinker in ancient China, was a representative of Confucianism in the Warring States Period. Mencius learned from Zisi (a student who learned from Zisi), inherited and promoted Confucius' thoughts, and became a Confucian master next to Confucius, known as the "sage of Asia" and also known as "Confucius and Mencius" with Confucius. Mencius is the author of Mencius. There are seven pieces of Mencius handed down from generation to generation, which are one of the Confucian classics. The theory of good nature is the starting point of Mencius' theory, and its main propositions are "benevolent government" and "kingly way". Sima Qian believed that Mencius was written by Meng Ke. "If Meng Ke disagreed, he retired from Zhang Wan's disciples to preface Poems and Books, stating Zhong Ni's meaning and writing seven pieces of Mencius." (See Historical Records Biography of Meng Xun). However, there are also views that, judging from the language in the book, its editor is probably a disciple of Mencius, and the book was written in the middle of the Warring States Period. There are seven articles in Mencius, the title of which is: the first and second parts of Liang Huiwang; "GongSunChou" up and down; "Teng Wengong" up and down; Li Lou; "Zhang Wan" up and down; "Gao Zi" goes up and down; "Dedicated" up and down. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu Xi called Mencius, The Analects of Confucius, Daxue (Book) and The Doctrine of the Mean the Four Books. Until the end of the Qing Dynasty, the "Four Books" had been a compulsory part of the imperial examination. Mencius' ancestor was Meng Sun Shi, an aristocrat of Lu, and later his family declined and moved from Lu to Zou. When he lost his father at the age of three, Meng Mu brought him up, and Meng Mu's godson was very strict. His godson stories such as "moving to another place to teach his son" and "breaking the loom" have become beautiful stories throughout the ages. There is a saying in San Zi Jing that "Meng Mu used to choose a neighbor". Mencius learned from Confucius, but admired Confucius, thinking that "since the birth of the people, it has not flourished in Confucius." Mencius traveled around Qi, Jin, Song, Xue, Lu, Teng and Liang countries to lobby his thoughts of "benevolent governance" and "kingliness". However, because the vassal countries were busy with the war at that time, almost no one adopted his thought of governing the country. Mencius is one of the most important representatives of Confucianism in China, and his thoughts have a great influence on later generations. But his position was not very high before the Song Dynasty. Since Han Yu's Original Tao listed Mencius as the only figure in pre-Qin Confucianism who inherited Confucius' "orthodoxy", a "upgrading movement" of Mencius appeared, and Mencius' status was gradually improved. In the fourth year of Xining in northern Song Shenzong (171), Mencius was listed as one of the subjects of imperial examinations for the first time, and then it was upgraded to a Confucian classic. Zhu Xi in the Southern Song Dynasty combined it with The Analects of Confucius, The University and The Doctrine of the Mean into four books. From the Yuan Dynasty to the first year of Shun Dynasty (133), Mencius was named "Asian Saint" and later called "Asian Saint", ranking second only to Confucius. His thoughts and Confucius' thoughts are collectively called "The Way of Confucius and Mencius". Mencius' theory of benevolent governance is considered to be "circuitous and broader than things" and has no chance to be implemented. Finally, he retired to give lectures, and together with his students, he "prefaced Poems and Books, described the meaning of Zhong Ni, and wrote seven pieces of Mencius". When Mencius was young, his mother found him three places in order to give him a good study environment. Later people called it the Three Movements of Meng Mu. In the era of Mencius' life, a hundred schools of thought contended, and "the words of Yang Zhu and Mo Zhai prevailed in the world". Mencius fiercely criticized it from the standpoint of Confucianism. Mencius inherited and developed Confucius' thoughts and put forward a complete ideological system, which had a great influence on later generations and was regarded as a "sub-saint" after Confucius. Mencius inherited and developed Confucius' thought of ruling by virtue, and developed it into the theory of benevolent governance, which became the core of his political thought. He applied the principles of "kissing" and "growing" to politics to ease class contradictions and safeguard the long-term interests of the feudal ruling class. Mencius closely combined ethics with politics, emphasizing that moral cultivation is the foundation of doing well politics. He said: "The foundation of the world is in the country, the foundation of the country is at home, and the foundation of the home is in the body." Later, the idea of "cultivating Qi and leveling the peace" put forward by "University" was developed according to this idea of Mencius. Mencius summarized the moral norms into four categories, namely, benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom. At the same time, the human relations are summarized as five kinds, namely, "father and son are close, monarch and minister are righteous, husband and wife are different, young and old are orderly, and friends are trustworthy". The highest category of Mencius' philosophical thought is heaven. Mencius inherited Confucius' thought of destiny, removed the residual meaning of personality god, and imagined heaven as a spiritual entity with moral attributes. He said: "Honest people, the way of heaven is also." Mencius defined the moral concept of honesty as the essential attribute of heaven, and thought that heaven was the origin of the inherent moral concept of human nature.