Drawing lessons from the past can be used for reference in the future.
Appreciation: Take the gains and losses of the past as a reference for the future, that is, review the past and encourage the future. Some people regret their past mistakes, while others show off their past successes. However, if they are only immersed in regret and show off and don't realize that it is impossible to repeat the past or future success, it will not help their future career success. Therefore, we must draw lessons from past successes and failures to prevent future mistakes from happening again. It is beneficial not to make the same mistakes in the past. At this point, predecessors have summed up extremely valuable experience for us.
2. Xiang Zhuang's sword dance is intended to be Pei Gong.
The purpose of Xiang Zhuang's sword dance is to assassinate Liu Bang.
Appreciation: According to Records of the Historian, Liu Bang went to Hongmen to visit Xiang Yu, and Xiang Yu gave him a banquet. Counselor Fan Zeng asked Xiang Zhuang to kill Liu Bang in the name of sword dancing. Sean, Liu Bang's counselor, said to Fan Kuai: "Today, Xiangzhuang dances with swords, and its meaning will always be Pei Gong." After that, it is a metaphor for speaking or acting. Although it has another name on the surface, in fact it wants to take the opportunity to harm people.
If you are poor at home, you will think of a good wife, and if the country is chaotic, you will think of a good face.
A poor family will long for a virtuous wife, and a turbulent country will long for a talented prime minister.
Appreciation: Wei Wen has two candidates, one is Wei and the other is Wei. Wei Wenhou didn't know who to choose, so he hesitated, so he went to ask Li Ke's opinion. Li Ke said: "We should study the people he is close to, the people he associates with when he is rich, the people he recommends when he is an official, the things he doesn't do when he is poor, and the things he doesn't want when he is poor." Here, Li Ke puts forward the method of identifying and selecting talents. That is to say, to see a person's moral character is mainly to see his performance in the face of poverty and wealth, humility and wealth, not to listen to his boasting. Only those who are consistent in words and deeds and appearance can be called gentlemen. Only in this way can people shoulder the heavy responsibility of helping the crisis, controlling chaos and promoting governance.
4, three hairs per acre, three spit feeds per meal.
I washed my hair three times, ate a meal and vomited food three times in order to receive visitors.
Appreciation: Duke Zhou warned: I am the son of King Wen, the brother of King Wen and the uncle of King Cheng, and I am not humble in the world in terms of status. But I still "grab my hair, vomit and feed" and get up frequently to meet people, for fear of losing the talents in the world. It shows that Duke Zhou knows how to respect talents, treats scholars sincerely, and attaches great importance to people. It also shows that talents are extremely important to governing the country and leveling the world.
5, the granary knows etiquette, food and clothing know honor and disgrace.
Translation: when the warehouse is full, the people will know the etiquette; Only when you have plenty of food and clothing can you know the honor and disgrace.
Appreciation: After Guan Zhong presided over Qi's government affairs, he shared likes and dislikes with the people, circulated goods and accumulated wealth, which made Qi quickly embark on the road of enriching the country and strengthening the army. Guan Zhong said that "the granary knows etiquette, food and clothing know honor and disgrace" has also become the guiding ideology of Qi's self-enrichment. Only when the people live a rich life and the national treasury is full can the etiquette be carried forward and the government decrees be unimpeded. Guan Zhong grasped the root of governing the country. After years of governance, Qi gradually became strong and became the first tyrant in the Spring and Autumn Period. There is also a record of Qi Huangong's "Nine Kings conquering the world" in history.
6. A scholar dies as a confidant, and a woman is a confidant.
A gentleman is willing to die for someone who knows and appreciates himself, while a beautiful woman is willing to beautify her appearance for someone who loves her.
Appreciation: Yu Rang, a native of Jin State, served Fan Zhongxing's family and could not be reused. Later, he became a servant of Zhi Bo, and Zhi Bo liked him very much. Later, Zhi Bo was destroyed by Zhao Xiangzi, and Yu rang swore that "a scholar will die for his bosom friend", so he changed his name and surname, disguised himself and assassinated Zhao Xiangzi many times, but failed to commit suicide. This famous sentence, which has been passed down through the ages, tells a universal gratitude psychology of human beings.
7. A loving mother has lost her son, but the Yan family is not qualified.
A loving mother has a prodigal son, but the Yan family has no cunning and fierce domestic slaves.
Appreciation: This is a part of Li Si's memorial to cater to Qin Ershi's brutal river greed after the peasant uprising broke out at the end of Qin Dynasty, and it is also a sign of the decline of Li Si's theory of making a fortune. He used the phrase "a loving mother loses her son, and Yan's family is not qualified" to persuade strict tyranny. In his view, a wise monarch is so wise that he can investigate the petty crimes of Hecha, so that his subjects will not dare to break the law. This proposition is the inevitable product of prosperous politics, which marks the transformation of prosperous theory from the progressive thought of rich countries to the reactionary argument that contributed to the demise of Qin. It did not play any positive and progressive role at the turning point in history. Compared with the book "Persuade the Guest", it is the same Reese. But under the feudal autocracy, even if there is a wise emperor who is not a thief, there is no emperor who is not a husband. How to deal with the relationship between monarch and minister, and the relationship between people, is a subject that emperors must master, otherwise it will endanger the dignity, power, interests and absolute rule of emperors. Therefore, Reese's thought of urging Qin Ershi to practice strict tyranny had great influence on all dynasties. If you read it today, you will not only read a rare confession of Qin politics, but also read a rare textbook for the whole feudal society. If you don't take a critical attitude, you will go astray.
8. No matter how clever a person is, there are also long-term plans and mistakes; A fool may give advice to a wise man.
Smart people always make mistakes in thousands of considerations; Stupid people always get something in the last consideration.
Appreciation: These idioms contain simple dialectical thoughts, which show that everything is divided into two. Smart people can't always be smart, and sometimes they make mistakes. As long as he treats his mistakes correctly, he can minimize them. On the other hand, a seemingly stupid person is sometimes smart. As long as he studies, he will gain something.
9. Getting a promise is better than a hundred catties of gold.
It's better to get a hundred pounds of gold than a promise from Kibbutz.
Appreciation: This is a proverb circulated in Chu at that time. It is also a sincere appreciation of Ji Bu's chivalrous character of "keeping your word, keeping your word, not doing your best, avoiding the difficulties of scholars". Explain that a man should keep his word, keep his promise and be responsible for what he says. This is the origin of the idiom "a promise as good as a thousand dollars".
10, which is straight and disordered; His body is not straight, although he disobeys.
People with high status behave themselves well, even if they don't give orders, people will abide by them. People in high positions behave badly, and even if they give orders, people will not listen.
Appreciation: This sentence is from The Analects of Confucius. Sima Qian quoted this sentence to praise General Li as a man, saying that he was sincere and simple. Although he was not good at talking, when he died, people who knew him and those who didn't know him were very sad for him. His quality really won the trust of literati. This also shows a truth. As a ruler, he should lead by example everywhere, not by words but by his own actions, so as to make the country prosperous. Otherwise, "fish begins to stink at the head" will lead to national disintegration and social disorder.
1 1, birds are exhausted. A sly rabbit dies, and a running dog cooks; Destroy the enemy and the counselor will die.
After the bird is caught, the good bow will naturally be put away.
Appreciation: Being loved by your master in prosperity often brings disaster, so if you are ambitious and successful, you should retreat quickly and stop when it is good. Because "those who make contributions to Gao Zhen are in danger, and those who are famous all over the world will not be rewarded". "If the bow is full, it will be folded, and if it is full, it will be missing." "Where fame and fortune take a step back, it will be stable. It is dangerous to go forward. " Sean, Fan Li and others retired after they became famous, which often made future generations sigh and admire; However, Li Si died for the meritorious service of Qin State, and issued "Cai Dongmen chased a sly rabbit, how can I get a reward?" This just illustrates the saying, "The higher you climb, the heavier you fall." In fact, "lucky" people are well aware of the truth of "stop in prosperity", and they are willing to revise their strategies at any time according to the changes in the situation in order to seize the opportunity and get out of the predicament. And some people who are "unlucky" in their careers are often headstrong and arrogant. They don't know when to change their strategies to reduce losses, and they often end up in ruin.
12, the bird is dying, and its song is also sad; The dying man speaks the truth.
When a bird is dying, its cry is sad; When a person is dying, his words are kind.
Appreciation: this famous saying, which has been passed down through the ages, is an incisive view summed up by the world after long-term observation of the loveliness of birds. It tells us that goodness is the true nature of human beings. When people come to the end of their lives and return to the realm of goodness, they are always willing to give their best things and leave good memories.