A brief discussion on the causes and countermeasures of the current educational situation of left-behind children in rural areas

Paper keywords: Causes and countermeasures of the current educational situation of left-behind children in rural areas

Abstract of thesis: As a special group, left-behind children in rural areas There are many problems in terms of mental health, moral character, and physical health. This article conducts an exploratory analysis on the issues related to left-behind children in rural areas and finds that the current situation of left-behind children is not optimistic. To solve many related problems of left-behind children, it is necessary to build a trinity network system of family, school and society, especially in terms of policy measures. Direct educational institutions, family education and other aspects should increase efforts to change the existing situation.

Since the reform and opening up, with the acceleration of my country’s social and economic development and urbanization process as well as the adjustment of rural industrial structure, it is very common for farmers to go out to work and do business. Many children are "left behind" at home for various reasons and have lost their direct guardians, leaving the children in a "vacuum" without supervision, forming a huge special group - the "left-behind children" team. "Lack of care in daily life, lack of correct ideological guidance, lack of guidance in learning, lack of psychological guidance, and lack of education in behavior" is a serious lack of supervision and education, which has become a serious social problem that restricts the effective management of "left-behind children" and affects their healthy growth. question. Our county is located on the border of western Hunan. The production model based on agriculture and forestry has resulted in a large amount of surplus labor. As a result, our county has become a major rural labor export county, and there are a large number of "left-behind children". For example, although our school is a municipal-level rural demonstration junior high school in the suburbs, among the more than 1,200 students, there are 398 "left-behind children", accounting for nearly 30% of the total number of students in the school. The educational management and healthy growth of "left-behind children" is an arduous task before our educators. Because their growth is related to the future of the country and the nation, it is a social issue that cannot be ignored. It is related to the construction of new rural areas, the stability of rural society, the healthy growth of the next generation, and the construction of a harmonious society. To fully implement the Scientific Outlook on Development and achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the education of "left-behind children" in rural areas should attract great attention and attention from the whole society. Therefore, how to mobilize the whole society to pay joint attention and solve the education and management problems of "left-behind children" has become an urgent and important issue in today's era.

Based on the sense of responsibility in education, we have always been very concerned about the education and management of "left-behind children". Through visits and surveys to some urban and rural societies, rural primary and secondary schools in our county, combined with the analysis of hundreds of left-behind children in our school, due to the "five deficiencies" phenomenon in the education management of "left-behind children", this special group is generally derived A series of problems urgently need to be paid attention to by the whole society.

1. "Left-behind children" have many safety hazards and are extremely vulnerable to harm

According to the laws of cognitive development and juvenile Characteristics of children's physical and mental development. Children are in a transitional period of physical and mental development. Their physical and psychological growth and development are immature, have great plasticity, and have poor self-control. Once the "left-behind children" at this time lose or break away from the appropriate restraint and scientific guidance of their parents, they will They are extremely susceptible to bad temptations and influences. Due to lack of supervision or improper management, many children and teenagers mix with lawless elements in society, develop bad behavioral habits, and even embark on the road of illegal crimes. At the same time, they have poor self-rescue capabilities when encountering emergencies, and are prone to casualties and accidents. They may even become targets of criminals and be easily harmed.

2. "Left-behind children" have poor living habits and poor physical development

"Left-behind children" lack education from their parents and management, and have not formed good hygiene and eating habits. A considerable number of students often do not wash their faces, do not bathe, do not practice hygiene, do not eat on time, work and rest on time, have irregular lives, malnutrition, weak ability to resist diseases, etc., serious It affects their healthy growth.

3. "Left-behind children" are psychologically unsound and withdrawn

Because their parents are away from home all year round and lack parental care, their psychological Health imbalance. At present, the education of "left-behind children" in rural areas mainly focuses on intergenerational education and foster care education. They cannot receive normal guidance when they encounter psychological problems, and cannot effectively stop their inappropriate behavior, which has greatly affected their physical and mental health development, resulting in Many "left-behind children" are weak and helpless, have low self-esteem, are lonely and empty, and have serious rebellious psychology. He is withdrawn and sensitive, loses his temper, has abnormal emotions, and has difficulty communicating. There is a estrangement between teachers, classmates and even family members, which creates hidden dangers of personality distortion to varying degrees. For example, Lin Hongbin, a classmate from Class 189 in the second grade of our school, is very smart, reclusive on the Internet, and has a withdrawn personality. The teacher talked to him many times to no avail. After communicating with his grandmother, it turned out that he was fostered at her grandmother's house when he was 7 years old. In the past eight years, the parents have not come back, which has cast a huge psychological shadow on the children. Therefore, once they feel psychologically empty, they cannot control themselves, even in the middle of the night, they go out to surf the Internet. In an essay about "gratitude" assigned by the Chinese teacher, he described in a touching way how much he longed for the love of his parents and the kindness he felt when he saw them. In response to this situation, we contacted his parents, who specifically asked for leave to go home to reunite with him. Through the joint efforts of teachers and parents, his personality became more cheerful and his enthusiasm for learning became higher. His hard work paid off. In this year's entrance examination, I successfully entered high school.

4. "Left-behind children" lack learning skills and generally have poor grades

Due to lack of supervision or inappropriate supervision methods, a considerable number of "left-behind children" The school reflects the lack of consciousness, initiative, enthusiasm and hard-working spirit in learning, and the weariness of learning is becoming increasingly serious. In severe cases, it may develop to frequent absenteeism or skipping school.

5. "Left-behind children" lack good morals and poor behavioral habits

Due to the lack of family care, coupled with Due to the pampering of their grandparents and the helplessness of their guardians, some "left-behind children" often display bad behaviors such as willfulness, selfishness, greed, stubbornness, going their own way, disrespect for their elders, indolence, and other bad behaviors. There is often a lack of self-motivation and a sense of collective honor, and poor moral conduct and self-control habits. Violations of regulations, disciplines, and even illegal behaviors often occur. In short, the education and management of "left-behind children" has become an urgent social issue.

The problem of "left-behind children" is a special product of my country's social transformation period. It arises with the transformation of my country's social and economic structure and the acceleration of urbanization. It has extremely complex and comprehensive social background factors. However, analyzing the lack of education and management of "left-behind children" and the factors affecting their healthy growth, I think there are mainly the following three aspects:

1. Lack of family education

The first manifestation is the lack of family psychological environment. The family is an important place for children's individual growth and is their first school. Parents are their children's first teachers. A good family environment and family culture will have a lifelong impact on the physical and mental health of children and adolescents. Because children need a stable and safe environment to grow, the care and love of their parents is the safest and warmest environment for children. Growing up in a loving environment is a child's basic need. But for "left-behind children", they do not enjoy this legitimate right. In the family, either the father is away from home, which leads to the weakening of the father's educational role; or both parents are away from home, causing the "left-behind children" to lack normal emotional communication with their parents, such as parent-child interaction, and the children have no opportunity to express their feelings to their parents and encounter difficulties. I was confused about the matter. At the same time, parents do not have the opportunity to express their love for their children. They think that they work only for their children and they only need to compensate their children with money. In this way, if things go on like this, children will feel free to spend their money randomly, which invisibly creates a psychological gap between parents and children, causing children to lose their basic psychological belonging and psychological attachment.

The most important social relationship in life is the relationship between parents and children. As an educational factor, the relationship between parents and children directly affects the quality of family education and the growth and development level of children. The second manifestation is the lack of family education environment. On the one hand, poor rural families cannot provide good learning conditions for children's education; on the other hand, families have weak educational awareness and outdated educational concepts. The poverty culture and educational status quo in rural areas have given rise to farmers' ideas such as "education is useless" and "reading is useless", which makes them reject and resist their children's education and hold a utilitarian value orientation towards education. It has evolved into a short-sighted view of benefits, taking family interests as the fundamental starting point and destination of education. In addition, the cultural quality of the foster caretakers of “left-behind children” is generally low. Their foster families lack cultural atmosphere and are unable to guide their studies. The education methods are unscientific and irrational, and it is difficult to understand the children’s psychological confusion, which also exacerbates the problem of “left-behind children”. "The further deterioration of the educational environment has, to a certain extent, given rise to the bad personalities and behavioral habits of "left-behind children".

2. Constraints on the rural cultural and educational environment

As we all know, my country’s regional development is extremely uneven, and the vast rural areas, especially remote areas Economic backwardness and cultural poverty in mountainous areas go hand in hand. This phenomenon also exists in rural areas and remote mountainous areas of our county without exception. This poor and backward rural culture, with its strong small-farmer consciousness, tenaciously "resists" the influence of external advanced culture, negatively restricts people's ideology and behavior, constitutes an obstacle to the healthy development of rural education, and makes rural Education lacks the necessary cultural motivation and conceptual support, and lacks the humanistic environment needed to stimulate and promote the development of rural education. It is difficult for people to break the shackles of the original outdated and backward ideas and concepts, which objectively affects the tendency of "left-behind children" to choose education. The reality of rural economic life is that productivity levels are low. Small-scale simple production methods cannot be upgraded in the short term. People often do not feel the "benefits" brought to them by education that spreads human culture and unlocks human wisdom. They are more concerned about their short-term economic interests, and education is purely a "risk investment" for them. In addition, the current employment pressure of college graduates has intensified, and the phenomenon of returning to poverty through education exists. To a considerable extent, it has downplayed their value choice for their children to go to school and receive a good education, making them more pragmatic and conservative. It does not matter if their children stop schooling early to go out to work or if their children do not want to study. It is relatively affordable to reduce this investment. At the same time, various shortcomings in the management of basic education in rural areas of our country also make education lack vitality. 3. Social response is indifferent and attention is not enough

The problem of "left-behind children" in rural areas has arisen with the social transformation of our country. The problem of how to educate and manage "left-behind children" is not a big one. Fresh topic. Since the reform and opening up in the 1980s to today, I don’t know how many rural surplus laborers have gone out to work, and how many “left-behind children” are left in our rural society? Who knows how many social conflicts and problems this will cause? We only learned from relevant reports that the juvenile crime rate has increased sharply, accounting for almost 70% of the social crime rate. This harsh practical problem should alert us: How should we regulate the absence of social education? For example, in the existing urban and rural Internet cafe economy, due to lax management and driven by economic interests, a large number of "left-behind children" enter during holidays and after school. As Internet cafe owners, they do not check their ID cards and "underage children" according to the "Internet Management Regulations". The door signs that prohibit "people" from entering are in vain, and the cultural management department's supervision is inadequate. The whole society is not very sensitive to this serious problem, shows indifference, and lacks strategic rational thinking and high attention.

"Left-behind children" are the future of the motherland and an important part of the underage team. The education management of "left-behind children" is a major issue that must be solved in building a harmonious society. It is directly related to the healthy growth of the next generation. It is a long-term and arduous strategic work. It is a social system project involving thousands of households. It requires The whole society should care and pay attention.

Therefore, to solve the problem of education and management of "left-behind children", families, schools and society must work together, cooperate and cooperate with each other. At present, the Party Central Committee and the State Council have attached great importance to it, and local governments at all levels have also taken active actions. Various education management departments and schools have been constantly exploring the establishment of a network system to manage and educate "left-behind children", and jointly seek new shortcuts. , new methods to ensure that "left-behind children" stay and are not chaotic, enjoy themselves, love to learn, and have virtues. From the investigation and discussion over the past year, in order to educate "left-behind children" well, it is recommended to start from the following aspects:

1. Educate children to be honest and trustworthy

Confucius said: "If one's body is upright, he will act without being told; if his body is not upright, he will not obey even though he is told." There is an advertising slogan on TV, "Parents are their children's best teachers." As the saying goes, "Family is a child's first school, and parents are a child's first teacher." We parents and child guardians must educate our children by example, so that we can be convincing and let our children grow up healthily in an atmosphere of good moral character.

Honesty and trustworthiness should be the main content of educating children. In the final analysis, lack of honesty is the result of poor performance by our parents or other guardians. If we can truly teach by words and deeds, the whole society will be filled with an atmosphere of harmony and care. I believe that children will be able to grow up healthily in such a harmonious society full of love, filial piety, sincerity and integrity.

2. Motivate children with love

Most of the "left-behind children" live in rural areas, and their living conditions are relatively poor. They are generally raised by grandparents, uncles, and aunts. Waiting for care. In their psychology, their understanding of the "love" of their children is not comprehensive enough. They believe that children should be given whatever they want, and they should do whatever they want... Follow the child in everything, and protect the child in everything. This is love. In fact, this is an unhealthy, irresponsible love, and a kind of doting.

Real love is a kind of active and responsible love. It not only allows children to eat well and clothe them well, but also educates children how to behave, understands children's thoughts, educates children to distinguish right from wrong, and corrects mistakes. . Just like parents, talk to them often, make your children happy, have clear learning goals, strive for self-improvement, and establish lofty ideals and ambitions. This is a kind of true love.

3. Guide children to make friends carefully

The ancients said: "Those who are close to ink are black, and those who are close to vermilion are red." This is a famous saying from ancient times to warn people about making friends. Children have poor ability to distinguish right from wrong. Coupled with this special supervision environment, left-behind children are susceptible to a series of bad social habits. Therefore, we must guide them to make friends carefully to prevent children from making friends with people with bad habits and bad moral character and being tempted to become bad. In particular, the current proliferation of Internet culture has a great impact on children. For example, the year before last, a left-behind girl in our school went online and attracted a boy from Harbin. In order to meet netizens, the boy actually stole a book from home. Fortunately, the school found out in time and contacted his family, which prevented some things from happening. For example, Tang, another boy who just graduated from junior high school in our school, his parents went out to work when he was in primary school. He lacked correct family discipline. When he entered junior high school, he started stealing and hanging out with some unscrupulous people in society. He was happy, did not want to study, and did not listen to the teacher's education and advice. As a result, he was seriously injured in a fight and became a juvenile delinquent not long after leaving school. There are many similar cases in schools with many left-behind children. It can be seen that we care about children and cannot ignore their children's friendships. We must help guide children to make friends carefully. For the sake of children and enabling them to grow up healthily, we must learn from Meng's mother and take care of the "Meng's mother's choice of neighbors".

4. Guide "left-behind children" to develop healthy interests and hobbies

Due to their special environment, "left-behind children" lack fatherly and maternal love to a large extent, and have psychological imperfections, Emotionally fragile, coupled with the curiosity of teenagers and children, they have different hobbies and interests. Therefore, it is particularly important to help them build self-confidence and develop healthy hobbies and interests. At the same time, this is also a favorable opportunity for guardians and "left-behind children" to communicate and cultivate feelings. It also makes up for the empty psychology of "left-behind children" and has the effect of exercising their bodies, cultivating their sentiments, and cultivating good moral character and lofty aspirations.

5. Pay attention to educational methods and guide children to establish a correct outlook on life and values.

There are various educational methods. When educating children, we should teach them in accordance with their aptitude and follow the guidance. Use different methods and means for children with different personalities and tempers. Educate children to put themselves in others' shoes and think more. They must not act simply, beating or scolding them at every turn, and not allowing children to reason. This rude and arrogant method will make the child unwilling to accept it, and it will not have any educational effect. It may even form a rebellious psychology, causing the child's heart to turn into hatred and indifference to fight against you. In this way, if things go on like this, it will affect the communication between the child and the guardian, cause great harm to the child's psychology, and even lead to the occurrence of mental illness. Then there is the ineffective supervision of children, a kind of guardian-style method. When children make mistakes, they are afraid of hurting their feelings, so they just say a few words lightly and end the matter. If things go on like this, the children will be encouraged to have bad habits, and in the end they will be unable to discipline them and go astray. Both of these forms are incomplete educational methods. Only by educating children to respond to emotions, understand things with reason, and to both block and relax can things come naturally.

In terms of establishing a correct outlook on life and values, we should educate our children to face reality, understand the helplessness of their parents leaving their hometown and being separated from their family members, let go of their psychological baggage, not feel inferior or discouraged, study hard, and repay society.