This is a passage from Chairman Mao Zedong’s “721” directive: “Universities still need to be run. What I am mainly talking about here is that science and engineering universities still need to be run, but the academic system must be shortened, education must be revolutionary, and it must be proletarian. Class politics takes the lead and the Shanghai Machine Tool Factory takes the path of cultivating technical personnel from among workers. Students must be selected from among workers and farmers with practical experience. After studying in school for a few years, they will return to production practice.

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