Ge Hong, a Taoist theorist in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, once wrote the book Miscellanies of Xijing in the name of Liu Xin in the Han Dynasty. The book records the story of Kuang Heng: Kuang Heng is naive and eager to learn. But my family is poor, and I want to study at night without candle lighting. Neighbor's house is always lit by candlelight at night, but it's a pity that this light can't reach his room in Kuang Heng. What should we do? Kuang Heng dug up the wall next to his neighbor's house to attract the neighbor's candlelight to study. Later generations refer to "digging walls, emptying walls, stealing light, stealing light, digging walls to borrow brightness, borrowing light" and so on, and sometimes it is extended to seek lessons from others.

2, Gao Feng Liu Mai

In the later Han Dynasty, there was a scholar named Gao Feng in Nanyang. When he was young, "his family was engaged in farming", but he was "devoted to reading, day and night". Once, Gao Feng's wife was working in the fields, while the wheat was drying in the courtyard. In order to prevent chickens and dolphins from spoiling food, his wife asked Gao Feng to take care of it at home. Suddenly, it rained heavily. At this time, Gao Feng is still reading the scriptures with a bamboo pole for driving chickens. Unconsciously, the rain washed away the wheat in the yard. After a while, Gao Feng's wife came back from the field. At first glance, alas! It's terrible. The wheat was washed away by the rain, but her husband was still wandering in the book without knowing it. In the voice of his wife's questioning, Gao Fengcai seemed to wake up from a dream. Later, people called "Liu Mai, Atrium Mai" and so on, and called "Liu Mai Shi" a bookworm.

3. Su Qin stabbed stocks

Su Qin, a famous social activist and diplomat during the Warring States period, once returned to his hometown because he failed to lobby the King of Qin many times. After returning home, his wife didn't get out of bed to meet him, his sister-in-law didn't cook for him, and his parents didn't even talk to him. Su Qin was ashamed of it, but studied hard. "If you want to sleep after reading, you will stab yourself with a cone, and your blood will flow to your feet ..." Later generations used the words "stabbing, tapering, holding" to describe hard work and self-motivation.

4. It's my duty to cut off the cattles

There was a man named Lu Wenshu in the Han Dynasty. When he was a child, his father told him to go herding sheep. While herding sheep, Lu Wenshu cut some cattail grass, and when he got home, he wove cattail grass into cattail slips, and used them to write. Later generations used "cutting cattail, cutting cattail, weaving cattail and writing cattail" to refer to hard work.

5. When studying in the Three Kingdoms

There was a man named Dong Yu who often taught his students to use the "three-odd" time to study. The so-called "three surpluses" means "those who are in winter are in their spare time, those who are in the night are in their spare time, and those who are rainy are in their spare time." After that, "more than three" generally refers to free time. It is often used to refer to reading, which means cherishing time.

6. Tao Kanyun Zun

In the Jin Dynasty, there was a man named Tao Kan, who was a high official and a high official. When he had nothing to do, he often moved bricks out of the house in the morning and moved them back after dark. Cycling, tireless. Some people don't understand what it means after seeing it, so they ask why. Tao Kan answered and said, I'm afraid I'm used to being idle, and I can't do great things in the future. Later, people used "yun Zun" to express inspirational diligence and not afraid of reciprocating; Use "transport bottles and jars, transport bottles and people" to refer to people who are restless and work hard.

7. Smelling chickens and dancing

The Biography of Zu Di in the Book of Jin recorded such a thing: Zu Di and his good friend Liu Kun "are both masters of the state", and they often encourage each other and are determined to serve their country. The two of them often "sleep together" and get up to practice martial arts when they hear chickens crow in the middle of the night. Later generations used "smelling chickens and dancing" as a metaphor for people with lofty ideals to work hard in time.

8. Linchi Xueshu

When Zhang Zhi, an ancient calligrapher, practiced calligraphy, he wrote words on all the clothes and silks in his home, then washed and boiled them, and did it repeatedly, until the water in the pool was dyed black. I finally learned a beautiful cursive script. Later generations used "Linchi learning calligraphy and practicing calligraphy" to describe hard study of calligraphy.

9. Study hard

In ancient times, there was a studious man named Sun Wenbao. He was always studying hard day and night. When he was tired and needed to sleep at night, Sun Wenbao was still afraid of oversleeping and delaying too much time, so he tied his hair to the beam on the roof with a rope, and as long as his head shook, he could wake up and continue to study hard. Finally became a "contemporary scholar." Later generations use "hanging beam, hanging head" to mean studying hard and making progress.

1 capsule fireflies reflect snow

The Book of Jin says: "Yin Gong is tireless and knowledgeable. Poor people don't often get oil, while Xia Yue practices to fill dozens of fluorescent fires to take pictures of books, day and night. It is long, beautiful, quick-witted, and has a reputation for rural songs. " Later, he was "famous for his erudition in cold elements". It is precisely because Che Yin's family was poor when he was young that he couldn't often buy oil to light a lamp, but he could often catch dozens of fireflies and put them in fine net bags in summer nights as the lighting for reading. Therefore, when he grew up, he was not only famous for his "quick wit", but also famous for his poor background and erudition. According to "Shang You Lu", "Sun Kang, a native of Jin Jingzhao, is sensitive and eager to learn, and his family is poor and oil-free. He studies in the snow in winter." Although both Jin people were poor and had no oil to light a lamp, one of them was Xia Yue, and the other was snow in winter, and they studied hard, so they all became famous scholars at that time.

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