The text of the letter, that is, what the writer said to the recipient, is the main body of the letter.
The text starts from the second line of the letterhead, preceded by the word blank. If the prologue is on a separate line, the text can be written on the next line of the prologue.
The contents of the letter are different, so there is no need to unify when writing, and the principle is accurate expression and accurate meaning. ordinary
Generally speaking, talk about each other's affairs first, show concern, attention or gratitude and respect, and then talk about your own affairs.
After the text is written, if there is any omission, it can be added at the end; Or write it in the lower right corner of the letter.
White, and add the words "other" and "again" before the postscript; Or write "and" or after the postscript.
The word "start over".
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The conclusion, that is, the conclusion of the letter, should be part of the text. But similar to the "prologue", the old
A series of commonly used concluding remarks have also been formed in English letters, which are still frequently used in books and bamboo slips from all walks of life. I might as well list some here for your reference.
Books are short and long, so I won't repeat them one by one.
Forgive me one by one.
2. Appellations are attached to the titles of classical Chinese letters, which are very popular for classical Chinese letters, such as Bachelor Yun (Wang Anshi's "Talking about the Bachelor of Shangdu") and Fourteen Elder Brothers Hong Sheng's in-laws (Gong Zizhen's "With Books"); Another example is a fair seat, a gentleman's guide, a mother's kindness guide, a good brother and so on.
The list of common address forms is as follows: In ancient times, it was originally used as a title of respect for subordinates to superiors, and later it was mostly used among colleagues in letters. In the past, children's letters to their parents began with "Parents kneeling on their knees".
People often lean on their parents' knees when they are young, and use the word "below the knee" in their family books to show their respect and love for their parents. The hanging mirror gives you a mirror, and the statue is an ancient mirror, which means testing.
Used as the address of a letter, this is a polite reading. Hanging means condescending.
Giving is giving. Hook, in ancient times, used hook pottery to describe national politics, and later called eunuch hook.
Lessons from the past, lessons from the past, are often used in letters to people who are old and virtuous. The sword can be used to respect elders and elders.
Taijian is widely used, and "Tai" means "Gao", which can be used by familiar or unfamiliar elders and peers. Honor, pottery, big sword, long sword, and elegant sword Uighur can be regarded as the "honor" of those who occupy high positions and have meritorious deeds.
For moral gentlemen and scholars, it can be called "Tao Jian". Great, English, great and elegant, with noble, beautiful, extraordinary and ordinary meanings, should be used in letters between friends.
"See you later" means to enjoy reading, but its semantic component is lighter than that of "giving to see you", which is suitable for ordinary letters, and teachers can also use it as a courtesy to independent junior students. Kindness, love, love and double-edged sword can be called "kindness" for mothers.
Love can be used as a guide between husband and wife, or between men and women who are close to each other. Letters to friends and friends can be used as "double reference".
Letters between women can be written to mourners with "Fang Jian" Li Jian and "Li Jian".
For example, after the patriot Li Gongpu was killed, Zhou Enlai and others sent a letter of condolence to his wife, which was called "the ceremony of Ms. Zhang Manjun". Public reference can be used as a reference for letters to groups or people. After listing the names, you can use the book "Gentleman's Reference".
Tao Xi Lecture Xi Teaching Xi Writing Xi History Xi Dorsey is often used by students as a title of respect for teachers.
Lecturer and lecturer are also honorifics for scholars engaged in education and lectures, but for peers, there is no need for a teacher-student relationship between the writer and the recipient. Writing seats, writing seats, and historical seats are all honorifics for scholars, and they are often used interchangeably among scholars.
Writing is writing. History refers to the history of works handed down from generation to generation.
You will know after reading it. It is generally used to address young people and younger generations. The opening words are the opening words of letters, or greetings or reminders to write letters.
The opening remarks should be part of the letter. Because this kind of fractal has become a series of idioms in ancient letters, it can often be seen in modern letters. Therefore, it is mentioned separately and divided into two types of examples for reference: (1) indicates that the writer is sincere and invites the recipient to read the letter. For example, the writer claims to be a respectful person, indicating the following words, such as "Dear Mother, kneel down".
Kneeling, like honorifics, is used by children and grandchildren to respect their elders. I am the same as above.
Respectfully, the writer, as a respectful statement, is very humble and asks the other party to allow him to say what he wrote below. It can be used for the peer and the next pair.
Sincerity means prudence and solemnity. Used of companions.
The meaning of path is very direct, which is very common for both public and private letters. People who worship enlightenment worship and pay tribute.
Used for communication between friends. Respectable submitters and sincere submitters are used for public and private letters.
Beginners are used for peers, indicating that the following message will write the content of asking for help from the other party. Hereby, here, now.
Here, I intend to make a statement here today. Attitude is objective and peaceful, and there is no obvious respect.
The letter of bereavement to relatives and friends is trustworthy. Respondents are used to reply to letters from relatives or superiors.
For peers, you can use "start again". A letter used by the sponsor to talk about something.
(2) according to the specific situation, or say hello, or prompt to write a letter. Such as memorizing Chinese notes, knowing everything.
Suddenly, I was taught by hand and learned that one was. I long for the imperial edict.
You got a grand performance and Jing gave you something. Thank you for your letter, if you meet your old friends.
Fortunately, enlightened religion, enlightened. Recite the ruler to show gratitude.
My calligraphy is deeply loved. I'm glad to see this letter.
After reading Flowers, I'm glad I can't violate it. I am very happy to read German.
Teaching by hand is respected, and its meaning is profound and beautiful, inspiring. Tangent thinking, worthy of Hua Han, happy and inexplicable.
Holding hands, it is a great relief to know Kangtai. I am grateful for this book and gave it a big book. If it is a river, I will be impressed.
I'm sorry I didn't reply because of my complicated affairs. Taiwan Province's letter was read for many days, but it was not repaired immediately. I hope it will be buried in the sea.
I learned from you, please forgive me. Thank you for your letter and good news.
After reading the calligraphy, I know that you are ill and unsafe, which is very suspenseful. For a long time, Mu Caihong took the liberty to write a teaching book.
I hope you are all right. I haven't seen you for a long time. I really appreciate your kindness. I haven't seen it for a long time, and my fist is extremely yin.
When you ask a long question, you are in your mind. Farewell to the years increased my thoughts.
I wrote a letter the other day. I'm afraid it's time. I think I have read the previous letter.
In fact, writing letters is also writing articles. Although this kind of opening remarks can be used, it is not rigid and can be ever-changing. In this sense, the opening remarks can also be omitted.
For example, many people are used to writing letters with the word "hello". It seems that if it weren't for this, the letter wouldn't go on. It is good to say hello to the recipient first, but if all the letters are in this pattern, it will be dull and monotonous.
There are two ways to write the end of the letter:
(1) When the text is finished, write "Sincerity" on one line and "Salute" on the other.
(2) Don't write "from here", just write the words "salute", "peace", "health" and "peace" on another line.
(3) You can also write something like "Peace" and "Happy every day".
After writing the text, you should end the letter with some words of respect, wishes or encouragement. Traditionally, it is called greeting or tribute, which is a courtesy to the receiver. If you like, you can choose the right words according to people and specific situations, and don't use them indiscriminately.
Extended data:
Letters should be written with a black brush, or a blue pen, ballpoint pen or pen. You can't use a pencil in case it's blurred. You can't write in red, it will make the other party think it is a dear John letter. Writing paper should be special writing paper or manuscript paper.
(1) The address, greetings, tone and wording in the letter should conform to the identity of the writer.
(2) The education level and experience of the recipient should be considered, so that the recipient can understand the letter.
(3) We should grasp the key points and strive to write fully, satisfactorily and concisely.
References:
Sogou encyclopedia-letters
4. The Origin Style and Format of China's Letter from Home is not only a practical style in prose, but also a tool for people to exchange information, thoughts and feelings.
As the most distinctive literary form of letters, letters from home have a history of more than two thousand years, and many excellent works emerge one after another. Many letters from home still have great vitality. Liu Xie of the Liang Dynasty wrote in Wen Xin Diao Long Secretary: "Three generations of political leisure, rather sparse style of writing, countless people in the Spring and Autumn Period, and abundant books."
He believes that letters came into being in the Spring and Autumn Period because of the need for frequent communication. From the material level, in the Oracle Bone Inscriptions era, tortoise shell and cattle scapula were used as writing materials, and the main content was divination; In the Bronze Age, Zhong Ding was used as the material, and the main contents were Ji Gong and Chronicle. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, bamboo slips, wooden slips and even silk books were used as the main writing materials, and a "book biography" came into being.
Due to the limitation of material level, in order to avoid trouble, messengers often have to face words, so the popularization and circulation of letters cannot be realized. After the Han Dynasty, the invention of paper was a revolution in the development of human civilization, and its appearance really popularized the circulation of words.
Correspondingly, letters are rapidly popularized by paper. Letters from home are also a popular form of letters.
Many of the letters from home during the Han and Three Kingdoms periods have become famous sayings and aphorisms that have been circulating for nearly two thousand years. For example, in the book of Yan Dun, a famous scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty, he earnestly warned his nephew and Ma Dun to learn dragons, not Du. "If you are a dragon, you should be a scholar." [Du] It doesn't work, and it is frivolous to be trapped in the world. The so-called painting a tiger is not a dog. " Zhuge Liang's "Commandment" has been circulated for thousands of years and is widely known: "A gentleman's trip is quiet and self-cultivation, frugal and self-cultivation, not quiet and far-reaching.
If you study quietly, you must study. If you don't study, you won't learn widely. If you have no ambition, you can't succeed. If you are slow, you can't be energetic, and if you are dangerous, you can't be radical.
Time goes by, meaning goes by, and then becomes withered, not meeting the world, and staying in a poor house sadly. What will happen? "Painting a tiger doesn't make you a dog", "Living in seclusion and being clear" and "being quiet and far away" have long been well-known sayings. Who would have thought that these were the inculcations that the Han people warned their sons and nephews in their home letters? As a unique style, letters from home have specific requirements in style and format, and because of the different status, seniority and seniority of the recipients, there are also many different stresses in writing, and there are also specific provisions in wording and sentences. Many pressures and regulations have continued to this day (they are more common among overseas Chinese in Taiwan Province Province, Hongkong and overseas, but less common in Chinese mainland). Because paper is not easy to preserve, I have never seen a paper letter from the Han Dynasty, so I have my humble opinion. Among the legal posts handed down from generation to generation, Wang's and his son's "posts" are the earliest, while Wang Xizhi's and Wang Xizhi's legal posts are mostly bamboo slips, that is, letters with relatives and friends. Due to too much damage, the complete format of the letter is not very clear.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the Japanese Otani expedition discovered the famous "Li Bo Document" in Lop Nur, which was a draft letter of Li Bo, a long history of the Western Regions at the end of the Western Jin Dynasty. Although this is an official letter, we can roughly infer the format of the letter, because it is inherited from the format of the letter. From the Jin Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty, books that taught people how to write public and private letters were collectively called "Yi Shu" and were widely circulated in the society.
1900 Dunhuang Buddhist scriptures caves contain dozens of *** 100 "calligraphers" and a number of manuscripts or originals of "family letters" from the Tang Dynasty. These precious documents give us a clear and intuitive understanding of how to write "letters from home". Here are only two examples for readers, which show that in the Tang and Five Dynasties, writing "letters from home" must strictly abide by the relationship of seniority, seniority and closeness, and must not be confused.
There is an article in the book Yi Shu written by Dunhuang called "Public-Private Flat Que Style". "Style" is the law. "Ping" means that when you meet a specific word in writing, you have to write on a new line, which is called "Ping-out". "Que" means that when a specific word is encountered in writing, it should be two or more words.
Here, we don't talk about the flat out and space in official documents, but only about the provisions in furniture letters. According to Zheng Yuqing's Dunhuang Documents, "great-grandfather, great-grandfather, grandfather, grandmother (referring to parents) and mother-in-law ..." are all "quasi-draws", that is to say, when encountering the above words, the line should be raised or two spaces should be left in front to show respect for the elders.
Dozens of words specified in Tomb, Play, Inquiry and Reputation should be "quasi-queer", that is, two spaces should be left before the above words. This regulation developed to "double lifting" in later generations, that is, not only should the line be lifted higher than other lines when encountering special characters; "Single lift", the lift line is higher than other lines; "Flat out", that is, recite another book; When you encounter special words in writing, you should still use two words or one word.
This influence lasted until 1949 when the new China was founded. In letters from home, different recipients use different words with different degrees of severity. Here, the usage of the last word or two on the envelope of "letter from home" is omitted: if it is addressed to parents, the last word on the cover is "a few years ago"; If it is written by parents to their children, the last word on the cover is "Fa".
Today, I saw someone writing a letter to their elders, and the envelope said "Dear * * *, Professor". I really don't know who the word "respect" is here, which makes people laugh and cry. The above example is to illustrate that in the traditional society of China, due to the identity relationship between the trustee and the writer, there are very strict rules on the use of words, addresses and words in envelopes, which are not familiar to most people in mainland China.
When a family writes a book, it must be sent to the recipient. Before the new post office appeared in the late Qing Dynasty, most personal letters were carried by trustees. "Liu Yi delivers books" is a famous example. Letters after the Han Dynasty are often called "letters", that is, small wooden boxes filled with letters.
In Shi Shuo Ren Xinyu Dan, the word Hongqiao highly praised by the Eastern Jin Dynasty was given by Jiankang (now Nanjing) when he was the prefect of Zhang Yu (now Jiangxi). Corporal asked him to take 100 letters to Zhang Yu's relatives. He walked up to the stone with admiration and threw more than 100 "books" into the water, saying, "Those who sink sink, those who float, are cloudy. Therefore, people who lost other people's letters are called "putting into Hongqiao" or "the mistake of Hongqiao" by later generations.
After the Tang Dynasty, most family letters can be sealed, and there are also folding styles in Dunhuang documents. Letters from home, as a form of prose, are reconciliation between relatives.
An example of a classical Chinese letter to parents begins like this: parents kneel on the knees of adults, with respect.
Signature: Your father is an elder, so you should write your signature and add a knock or knock to your name.
Add year, month and day.
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Nowadays, people like to say "hello" at the beginning of a letter or a phone call and when they meet and greet each other. There are several forms of expression in ancient Chinese:
First, the use of honorifics, such as "my dear friend", "my elder" and "my sister", already includes "hello".
The second is to say hello according to the local situation at that time, such as "Where are the nobles going?" "Brother, hope that you are well" and so on also include "Hello".
In addition, some greetings are provided:
1. Jingkou Jinan. This is the greeting at the end of the letter to the elders. Respect: respect, respect; Buckle: using the head to buckle the ground, the most respected etiquette in the old society; Jin: The metaphor is noble and precious, which refers to the other person's body; Ann: Peace. It means to bow respectfully to you and wish you good health. & ltbr & gt
2. Please bless. Greetings at the end of the letter to parents. Please: words of respect have no real meaning; F: happiness, blessing. It means respectfully wishing you happiness and health. & ltbr & gt
3. Bless Kang 'an. This is the greeting at the end of the letter to the elders. Kang: healthy; Ann: Peace. It means respectfully wishing you health and safety. & ltbr & gt
4. Congratulations on your birthday. This is the greeting at the end of the letter to the elders. Sincerity: respect and solemnity: honor: height and length. I respectfully wish you a long and healthy life. & ltbr & gt
5. hello. Greetings at the end of the letter to the elders. Gong; Respect, obedience; Please: respect the text; Display: a courtesy title for sending letters. It means to write to you respectfully and wish you peace. & ltbr & gt
6. It's easy to read. This is the greeting at the end of the letter to the elders. Shun: deferential; Knock: buckle the ground with your head; Worship: high; Qi: Auspicious. I humbly bow to you and wish you good luck. & ltbr & gt
7. Please pay your respects. This is the greeting at the end of the letter to the elders. Devotion: piety; Chong: high. I sincerely wish you happiness and peace. & ltbr & gt
8. Please pay attention to safety. This is the greeting at the end of the letter to the elders. Jun (jūn): Used as a title of respect for subordinates and superiors in the old days. Jun is an ancient unit of weight, which is extended to be valuable here. I respectfully wish you peace and happiness. & ltbr & gt
9. Greet Fuan. This is the greeting at the end of the letter to the elders. F: happiness; Sui (suí): Good. I respectfully wish you happiness and safety. & ltbr & gt
10. Please pay your respects. Greetings at the end of the letter to the elders. T: fu. It means respectfully wishing you happiness and peace. & ltbr & gt
1 1. Please rest in peace. Greetings at the end of the letter to the elders. Y: maintenance. I respectfully wish you peace and happiness all your life. & ltbr & gt
12. Tang 'an in Sukou. Greetings at the end of the letter to the elders. Sue: worship; Don: In class. This refers to the place where the elders live. "Ancient Poetry is Jiao Zhongqing's Wife": "It is revealed in a mother's class." This refers to the main house where parents live, so it refers to parents. I bow my head and wish you peace and happiness. & ltbr & gt
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6. What is the standard format of Chinese letter endings?
Address: top case, some can also add certain qualifications and modifiers, such as dear.
Greetings: such as "Hello" and "How are you recently". A separate paragraph, not directly connected to the following. Otherwise, it violates the requirement of single meaning and becomes a polysemous paragraph.
3 text. This is the main body of the letter, which can be written into several paragraphs.
4 greetings. Take the most common "greetings" and "salutes" as examples. "Zhi Zhi" can be written in two correct positions: first, immediately after the text, without starting another paragraph and punctuation; The second is to write two spaces under the text. "Salute" is written on the next line of "From here". An exclamation point should be added after it to show the sincerity and strength of congratulations.
The title and capitalization in the second half of the greeting are a kind of respect for the recipient. It is a continuation of the tradition of "looking up" in ancient letters. Ancient letters were written vertically, including the name or address of the other party. In order to show respect, no matter where you write it, you should mention the other person's name or address to the next line. Its basic practice has been absorbed by modern letters.
⑤ Name and date. The writer's name is written on the right one or two lines below the greeting. It is best to write down the relationship with the recipient before the writer's name, such as son, father, friend, etc. Write the date on the next line.
If you forget to write anything, you can write "Attached" in a blank line and two empty boxes below the date, and then write down the unfinished items in a new line.
7. The format of ancient letters How to pay attention to writing letters: status, head-up, branch, title and ending.
The so-called identity, that is, the name of the recipient is written in the first line of the first header. The sender's signature is less than half of the whole stationery.
Heading refers to old-fashioned letters, leaving a space or a new line for older recipients to show respect.
Branch is a segmented statement to avoid confusion. Leaving two words blank at the beginning of each paragraph means writing in several paragraphs with different contents.
Appellation, different identities have different appellations. For example, for parents, it is used below the knee and in front of the knee; For the elders, respect the former, respect the right, learn from the ancient, and learn from the ancient, which is the right; For peers, use Taiwan Province to enlighten, learn from, benefit from and stand right; Women use Yi Jian and Cijian; Teachers should use letters, altar mats, etc. At present, it is generally no longer used, and there are comrades, gentlemen and so on. Used as a honorific. If you add Hui Jian, Tai Jian and Ci Jian, it's not bad.
After the letter is written, add the ending, commonly known as "closing the door." For example, salute to Jun 'an, greet you in the near future, wish you health and salute you, and there are more primitive forms such as Chun 'an, Dong 'an and Japanese chess, among which "salute to Tai 'an" is a social usage. In addition, there are hasty words such as "hurry", "carelessness", "say nothing" and "write little".
8. How to write the letter format? Original publisher: 86 14 1337 1.
Dear mom and dad, are you in good health now? Mom didn't have another heart attack, did she? How's dad's leg? Although in this information age, a phone call can comfort my thoughts of you, I decided to write this letter home and write down my feelings. Mom, I just read a letter from Fu Lei the other day. In that era of underdeveloped communication, letters became the only way to connect the two sides of the ocean. Every letter contains Mr. and Mrs. Fu Lei's exhortation and inculcation to their son, which is full of infinite love and yearning. After reading it, I have a deep feeling-if you are poor, you will change! You and dad must be the same in Luoyang. If there is no telephone, you and dad will certainly write one letter after another like Mr. Fu Lei and his wife! Thank you for calling. Thank you for conveying the deep love between you and your father so sincerely. When I received the phone call, I heard your voice, as if you were beside me. I am still the little girl who spoiled beside you, the child who will never grow up in your eyes. Your exhortation is the warmth of my life, your encouragement is the driving force of my progress, and your comfort is the comfort of my injury. Some people say what is home? Home is a place that will never shut you out. What do your parents do? Parents will never refuse your love. Dad, mom, I really love you! You will always be unconditional to me, you will always be worried about me, and you will never ask me for anything. If there is any requirement, it is that I should cherish my health, don't be reluctant to spend money and eat more good food ... Mom and Dad, I want to ask you the same question here. You should eat more good food, rest more and worry less about me. Mom, you are reluctant to buy clothes for yourself. Eat leftovers at every meal. You can't wait.