Among them, The Analects of Confucius and Mencius are collections of speeches by Confucius, Mencius and their students respectively, while Daxue and The Doctrine of the Mean are two books in The Book of Rites. The Book of Songs, Shangshu, Book of Rites, Zhouyi and Chunqiu are collectively called the Five Classics. The Five Classics is the collective name of five ancient classic works based on Confucianism. It is said that they were edited or revised by Confucius, one of the founders of Confucianism.
Extended data
Four books:
Da Xue was originally an article in the Book of Rites, which had never been published separately before the Southern Song Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, Zhu's Four Books and Four Sentences became one of the "Four Books". According to Zhu and Cheng Yi, another famous scholar in Song Dynasty, Daxue is a suicide note left by Confucius and his disciples, and an introductory reading of Confucianism. Therefore, Zhu listed it as the first of the "four books".
The doctrine of the mean was praised by Han Yu and Li Ao for maintaining orthodoxy in the Tang Dynasty, and by Cheng Er (Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi) for doing whatever it takes in the Northern Song Dynasty. Some people even think that The Doctrine of the Mean is a kind of communication and teaching method of Confucius, and Zhu inherited Cheng Er's learning in the Southern Song Dynasty.
The Doctrine of the Mean is extracted from The Book of Rites, which ranks with The Analects of Confucius, Mencius and Daxue, and became one of the four books when Zhu wrote The Collection of Four Books.
The Analects of Confucius is a book that records the words and deeds of Confucius and his students. The Analects of Confucius was written in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and was recorded by Confucius' students and their retranslators. The Analects of Confucius covers many aspects such as philosophy, politics, economy, education, literature and art, and is the most important classic of Confucianism.
Mencius is a book that records the words and deeds of Mencius and his students. By the time of filial piety in the Southern Song Dynasty, four books compiled by Zhu were included in Mencius, which officially raised Mencius to a very high position. After the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, it became the content of the imperial examination and was a must-read for scholars.
Five classics:
The Book of Songs was called "Poetry" or "Poetry 300" in the pre-Qin period, and it was China's first poetry collection. Collected 305 poems (original poems 3 1 1) from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period, which is a collection of poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period.
The Book of Songs is divided into three parts: style, elegance and ode. Wind is a folk song, elegance is the formal elegant music of Wang Ji in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and Fu is the dance music for the upper class to worship the ancestral temple.
There are three rhetorical devices in The Book of Songs: Fu, Bi and Xing. This book widely reflects all aspects of social life at that time, and is known as the encyclopedia of life in ancient society, which has a far-reaching impact on future generations.
Shangshu was called Shu in ancient times and Shangshu in Chinese. This book is the earliest compilation of historical documents in ancient times. Records can be traced back to the legendary Yao and Shun period to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (mid-Spring and Autumn Period), about 1500 years. The basic content is the records of ancient imperial edicts and conversations between monarch and minister, so the author should be a historian.
There are two versions of Shangshu, one is Jinwen Shangshu, and the other is Guwen Shangshu. At present, the popular version of Notes to Thirteen Classics is a co-editor of Jinwen Shangshu and Pseudo-Guwen Shangshu. Ancient people praised "reading poetry books", referring to the Book of Songs and the Book of History respectively.
The Book of Rites is an anthology of articles by Confucian scholars explaining the Confucian classic Yili from the Warring States Period to the Qin and Han Dynasties. Volume 87) is a compilation of materials of Confucianism. Although the Book of Rites is only a book to explain the Book of Rites, its influence is beyond the Book of Rites and the Book of Rites because of its wide coverage.
There are two versions of The Book of Rites, one is compiled by Dade, with 85 articles, and 40 articles have been preserved so far, which is called The Book of Great Gifts; Another book, The Book of Rites, is 49 selected by Dai Deqi's nephew, Dai Sheng, and is called The Book of Rites for Little Dai.
The Book of Changes, also known as the Book of Changes, is the oldest and most profound classic in China. It is the crystallization of China's 5,000-year-old wisdom culture and is known as "the head of the group classics and the source of the avenue". In ancient times, it was the study of emperors and a required skill for politicians, strategists and businessmen. It is also the threshold for by going up one flight of stairs, the son of Chinese medicine.
Spring and Autumn Annals is a chronicle of Lu, which was revised by Confucius. Because the text is too simple to be understood by later generations, exegetical works have appeared one after another, explaining and explaining the records in the book, which is called "biography". Among them, Zuo Qiuming's Chunqiu Zuozhuan, Chunqiu Gongyang Zhuan, Chunqiu Gu Liangxi Zhuan and Chunqiu Gu Liangxi Zhuan are collectively called the three biographies of Chunqiu as Confucian classics.
Baidu encyclopedia-four books and five classics