Appreciation of "Cibeigu Mountain" by Wang Wan

Dynasty: Tang Dynasty

Author: Wang Wan

Original text

The journey is outside the green mountains, and the boat is in front of the green water. (Outside the Castle Peak, one work: Under the Castle Peak)

The tide is flat and the banks are wide, the wind is blowing and the sail is hanging.

Hai Ri is born and the night is over, and Jiang Chun is entering the old year.

Where can I get my hometown letter? Return to Yanluoyang.

Appreciation

"Under the Cibeigu Mountain" is selected from "The Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty". Times, here is the meaning of parking. Beigu Mountain is now north of Zhenjiang, Jiangsu. Wangwan was born in Luoyang (previously Luoyang, Henan Province).

In the poem "Under the Cibeigu Mountain", there is no intention to reason, but in describing the scenery and seasons, the poem contains a kind of natural rationality: the sea is full of sunshine and the night is lingering, and the river spring is entering the old year. .

Writing characteristics

Emotions are embedded in the scenery, and the scenery contains reason.

This is a five-rhythm poem, and the neck couplet was praised by Hu Yinglin of the Ming Dynasty as "describing the scenery, wonderful and eternal." The time sequence alternates in a hurry. How can this not make the poet who is on the "guest road" suddenly feel homesick? The words "生" and "enter" in the poem use personification techniques. It's a character's reasoning. But there is a sense of rationality in the description of the scenery. Hai Ri is born in the remaining night and drives away the darkness. The scenery on the river shows the "spring" breaking into the old year and driving away the harsh winter. It contains the changes in time sequence and the natural law of the alternation of the old and the new. It shows the philosophy of life with universal significance and gives people an optimistic and positive feeling. strength.

Summary of the theme

In the poem, the poet borrows scenery to express his emotions, and meticulously depicts the open and beautiful early spring scenery of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, expressing the poet's love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland, and revealing the poet's sincere nostalgia for homesickness. Feelings also express the poet's thoughts and feelings of missing his hometown and missing his relatives. This is a travel poem (type).

Detailed Appreciation

The poem begins with a couplet, which is both beautiful and out-of-the-box. "Kelu" refers to the way the author wants to go. The title of "Qingshan" refers to "Beigu Mountain". The author is taking a boat, heading towards the "green water" displayed in front of him, towards the "green mountains", and towards the distant "guest road" beyond the "green mountains". This couplet first writes "guest travel" and then "boat trip". It is a rare scene of the person wandering in the south of the Yangtze River and longing for his hometown. If you are sailing in the Three Gorges, even if the wind is smooth and gentle, the waves will still be rough. Such a calm scene is rare. The beauty of the poem is that through the small scene of "the wind is blowing and the sail is hanging", it also expresses the big scenes of open plains, straight rivers, calm waves, etc.

When you read the third couplet, you will know that the author was disabled at the end of his life and sailed through the night. The tide is flat without waves, the wind is smooth but not fierce. The river is green when viewed from a close distance, and the vast space on both sides of the river is visible from a distance. This was obviously a clear night with the breath of spring everywhere. The lone boat sailed slowly on the river, and it was already late at night. This third couplet shows the scene of boating on the river just before dawn.

This couplet has always been popular, saying: "'The sea is full of sunshine and the night is over, and the river spring is entering the old year'. This sentence is rarely seen by poets in recent years. Zhang Yangong (Zhang Shuo) wrote it in the political hall, every time he showed his ability The text is written in regular script. "("He Yue Ying Ling Collection") Hu Yinglin of the Ming Dynasty said in "Shi Sou Nei Bian" that the couplet "Sea and Sun" "describes the scenery wonderfully through the ages." When the remaining night has not faded, a red sun has risen from the sea; before the old year has passed, spring is already showing on the river. "The day is born and the night is gone" and "Spring is entering the old year", both express the alternation of time sequence, and it is so hurried and impatient. How can this not make the poet who is on the "guest road" suddenly feel homesick? These two sentences are composed of Chinese characters. Refining sentences is also very skillful. From the perspective of refining the meaning, the author takes "Sun" and "Spring" as symbols of new and beautiful things, puts them in the position of the subject and emphasizes them, and uses the characters "生" and "入" to personify them and give them human nature. will and emotions. The wonderful thing is that the author has no intention of reasoning, but there is a natural sense of reason in the description of scenery and seasons. Hai Ri is born in the remaining night and will drive away the darkness; Jiang Chun, the "spring spirit" expressed by the scenery on the river, breaks into the old year and drives away the harsh winter. It not only depicts realistic scenes and accurate narratives, but also expresses life truths of universal significance, giving people optimistic, positive and upward artistic inspiration.

This sentence has the same meaning as "Thousands of sails pass by the side of the sunken boat, and thousands of trees spring in front of the diseased tree."

As the sun rises over the sea and spring begins to stir, the poet sets his boat on the green water and continues to sail towards the guest road beyond the green mountains. At this time, a group of geese returning from the north were flying across the clear sky. Yan'er is about to pass through Luoyang! The poet remembered the story of "the wild goose's feet passing the letter", so he asked Yan'er to carry a message: Yan'er, please send me greetings to my family when you fly over Luoyang. These two sentences closely follow the three couplets and echo the first couplet. The whole article is enveloped in a faint layer of nostalgia.

The poet took a boat to the foot of Beigu Mountain, and what he saw before him was the magnificent scenery of green mountains and blue water. The remaining night is coming to an end, and the rising sun emerges from the water; although the season is in the old year, spring has already broken into the south of the Yangtze River. The couplet "Hai Ri gives birth to the remaining night, Jiang Chun enters the old year" describes the scenery in the alternation of time, suggesting the passage of time and containing natural rationality.

The poem describes the spring scenery on both sides of the Taiwan Strait that the author saw when he was boating at the foot of Beigu Mountain in late winter and early spring. First, write about the overlapping green mountains, the winding paths, the rippling blue waves, and the speed of the boats. "The tide is flat, the two banks are wide, the wind is rising, and the sail is hanging" describes the lower reaches of the Yangtze River where the tide is rising, the river is wide, the waves are rolling, and the poet is sailing eastwards in a spectacular and heroic manner. "Hai Ri gives birth to the remaining night, and Jiang Chun enters the old year" is a famous sentence that has been recited throughout the history. It depicts the scene and the joy in the heart during the alternation of day and night and winter and spring. This arouses the homesickness in the last sentence, which is expressed in the letter of returning to the wild goose. The author's longing for his hometown, spring scenery and nostalgia blend harmoniously.

In short, this poem describes the poet's nostalgia for his homeland caused by boating eastward, stopping at the foot of Beigu Mountain, seeing the flat tide, and the wild geese returning home at night. It combines scenery, lyricism, and reasoning. The whole poem is harmonious, beautiful and full of humor. It can be called an eternal masterpiece. This five-rhyme poem titled "Under the Cibeigu Mountain" was first seen in the "Guoxiu Collection" compiled and selected by Rui Tingzhang of the Tang Dynasty. When Yin Fan of the Tang Dynasty selected it for inclusion in the Collection of Heroes of Heyue, it was titled "Jiangnan Yi", but there are many variations: "There are many new ideas in the South, and I travel eastward to wait for the morning. The tide is flat on both sides, and the wind is blowing, and the sails are hanging. The sun is rising on the sea and the night is still there, Jiang Chun has entered the old year. I have always looked at the weather, but it is biased here. "This article is based on the long-recited "Ci Bei Gu Shan Xia".

Wang Wan is from Luoyang. Throughout his life, he "travelled between Wu and Chu". "Beigu Mountain" is located north of present-day Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, facing the river on three sides. The first two sentences of "Jiangnan Yi" quoted above are "There are many new ideas in the south. Travel eastward to wait for the morning." The "eastward trip" should be through Zhenjiang to the Jiangnan area. The poet was traveling along the way. When the boat came to the foot of Beigu Mountain, the tide was flat and the shore was wide, and the geese returned at night. This triggered the emotions in his heart and composed this eternal famous poem. The poem begins with a couplet, which is both beautiful and out-of-the-box. "Kelu" refers to the way the author wants to go. The title of "Qingshan" refers to "Beigu Mountain". The author is taking a boat, heading towards the "green water" displayed in front of him, towards the "green mountains", and towards the distant "guest road" beyond the "green mountains". This couplet first writes "guest road" and then "boat trip". The person's wandering travels in the south of the Yangtze River and longing for his hometown have been revealed between the lines. Anaphora.

Although the third couplet of this five-rhyme poem was famous at the time and passed down to future generations, it is not just two good lines; overall, it is also quite harmonious and beautiful.