Guan Zhong, whose real name is Yi Wu, is a native of Yingshang. He used to associate with Bao when he was young, and Bao knew that he was smart and capable. Guan Zhong's family is very poor, and he often takes advantage of Bao Shu, but Bao Shu is always kind to him and doesn't complain about these things. Soon, he served the son of Qi, and Guan Zhong served Miyako for a long time.
When he immediately took office, Huan Gong asked Lu to kill Gong Zijiu, and Guan Zhong was put in prison. So Bao Shu recommended Guan Zhong to Qi Huangong. After Guan Zhong was appointed, he was in power in the State of Qi, with Guan Zhong as the dominant figure, and as the overlord, he met the governors many times and brought the world back to one family. This is all the wisdom of Guan Zhong.
Guan Zhong said: "When I was poor, I did business with Uncle Bao, and I often got more when I shared my wealth and profits. But Uncle Bao didn't think I was greedy for money and knew that I lived in poverty. I used to work for Uncle Bao, making him poorer, but Uncle Bao didn't think I was stupid and knew the timing was favorable and unfavorable. "
Guan Zhong said: "I have been an official many times and have been dismissed by the monarch many times, but Uncle Bao doesn't think I have no talent and knows that I haven't met a good opportunity. I have fought many battles and fled many times, but Uncle Bao doesn't think I am timid and knows that I still have a mother. "
Guan Zhong said, "Your son has been defeated for a long time and died for me. I was put in jail and humiliated, but Uncle Bao didn't think I was shameless. He knows that I won't be ashamed of trivial matters, but he is ashamed because my fame has not appeared in the world. My parents gave birth to me, and Uncle Bao knows me! "
I. Sources
Biography of Yan Guan is selected from Historical Records written by Sima Qian, a writer and historian in the Western Han Dynasty.
Second, the original text
People who are loyal to me are also good to people. I often travel with Bao Shu's teeth, and Bao Shu knows his talent. Guan Zhong was poor and often bullied Uncle Bao, but Uncle Bao finally satisfied him well and didn't take it for granted. Bao Shu worked for the son of Qi, and Guan Zhong worked for Gong Zijiu. Xiao Bai made Huan Gong, the son died for a long time, and Guan Zhong was imprisoned. Uncle Bao then went into Guanzhong. It is also Guan Zhong's plan to use it to take office in Qi State, monopolize it, unite with the nine kings and conquer the world.
Guan Zhong said, "I tasted Bao Shujia when I was in trouble and shared wealth with him. Uncle Bao didn't treat me as greedy and knew I was poor. I tried to find a job for Uncle Bao, and I was poorer. Uncle Bao doesn't think I'm stupid, but he knows when it's good or bad. I have tasted three officials and three people, and I am driven by you. Uncle Bao doesn't think I'm evil, but he knows I'm not in trouble. I have tasted three wars and three walks, but Uncle Bao is not afraid of me and knows that I have an old mother. "
Guan Zhong said, "Miyako suffered a long defeat and died suddenly, and my prisoner was humiliated. Uncle Bao didn't treat me as shameless. He knows that I am not ashamed of trifles, but my fame is not known to the world. My parents know buns. "
Uncle Bao is in Guanzhong, under him. Shilu's descendants lived in Qi, and there were more than a dozen feudal lords, often famous doctors. There are not many smart people in Guan Zhong, but Uncle Bao knows many people.
Since the governments are in harmony with each other, we can accumulate wealth at the seaside and enrich the customs that Qiang Bing likes and dislikes. Therefore, it is said: "The granary knows etiquette, food and clothing know honor and disgrace, and clothes are solid." If the four dimensions don't open, the country will die. Ordering food is like the originality of running water, making it popular. "Therefore, this theory is humble and easy. Give what the common people want; Vulgar is not, so go.
It is also the government, good every cloud has a silver lining, that turned defeat into victory. Weigh carefully. Huan Gong was really angry with Cai, so Guan Zhong attacked Chu and blamed Mao for not paying tribute. Huan Gong was really good at the Northern Expedition, and Guan Zhong put Yan Xiu in charge of Zhao Gong. At the meeting of Yu Ke, Huan Gong wanted to break the contract, Guan Zhong believed it was true, and the princes returned to Qi. Therefore, it is said that "knowing what it is used for is the treasure of politics."
Guan Zhongfu intends to go to the government, and he has three returns and is buried. Qi people don't think this is luxury. When Guan Zhong died, it was often better for Qi to obey his own government than for princes. 100 years later, there was a swallow.
Third, explain
Guan Zhong, whose real name is Yi Wu, is a native of Yingshang. He used to associate with Bao when he was young, and Bao knew that he was smart and capable. Guan Zhong's family is very poor, and he often takes advantage of Bao Shu, but Bao Shu is always kind to him and doesn't complain about these things. Soon, he served the son of Qi, and Guan Zhong served Miyako for a long time.
When he immediately took office, Huan Gong asked Lu to kill Gong Zijiu, and Guan Zhong was put in prison. So Bao Shu recommended Guan Zhong to Qi Huangong. After Guan Zhong was appointed, he was in power in the State of Qi, with Guan Zhong as the dominant figure, and as the overlord, he met the governors many times and brought the world back to one family. This is all the wisdom of Guan Zhong.
Guan Zhong said: "When I was poor, I did business with Uncle Bao, and I often got more when I shared my wealth and profits. But Uncle Bao didn't think I was greedy for money and knew that I lived in poverty. I used to work for Uncle Bao, making him poorer, but Uncle Bao didn't think I was stupid and knew the timing was favorable and unfavorable. "
Guan Zhong said: "I have been an official many times and have been dismissed by the monarch many times, but Uncle Bao doesn't think I have no talent and knows that I haven't met a good opportunity. I have fought many battles and fled many times, but Uncle Bao doesn't think I am timid and knows that I still have a mother. "
Guan Zhong said, "Your son has been defeated for a long time and died for me. I was put in jail and humiliated, but Uncle Bao didn't think I was shameless. He knows that I won't be ashamed of trivial matters, but he is ashamed because my fame has not appeared in the world. My parents gave birth to me, and Uncle Bao knows me! "
After Bao Shu recommended Guan Zhong, he was willing to put himself under Guan Zhong. His descendants have enjoyed their salaries in Qi for generations, and more than a dozen generations have had fiefs, mostly famous doctors. Therefore, people all over the world do not praise Guan Zhong's talent, but praise Bao Shu's ability to identify talents.
After Guan Zhong became the prime minister of Qi, relying on the seashore conditions of Xiao Qi, he circulated goods and accumulated wealth, making Qiang Bing rich and sharing likes and dislikes with the people.
Therefore, he said in the book "Guanzi": "When the warehouse reserves are enriched, the people will understand etiquette; Only by having enough food and clothing can the people distinguish between honor and disgrace; The monarch's actions are in line with the law, and the' six parents' will be stable. " If we don't advocate propriety, justice and shame, the country will perish. ""The laws promulgated by the state are like the source of running water, flowing downwards along the people's hearts. "
Therefore, it is easy to implement laws that are in line with the situation. Give the people what they want; What the people opposed was abolished for them.
When Guan Zhong was in power, he was good at turning evil into good and failure into success. He attaches importance to the priorities of different things and carefully weighs the pros and cons of things. In fact, he was very dissatisfied with his remarriage and attacked Cai southward. Guan Zhong found an excuse to attack Chu and blamed it for not paying tribute to the Zhou royal family.
In fact, Duke Huan sent troops to the north to attack goodness and harmony, and Guan Zhong took the opportunity to let Yan rectify the politics and religion of the period. In Meng Hui of Kedi, Duke Huan wanted to break the covenant he was forced to make, so Guan Zhong complied with the situation and advised him to abide by the covenant, so the princes surrendered to Qi. Therefore, it is said: "Knowing how to pay is the truth of harvest, which is the magic weapon of governing the country.
Guan Zhongfu can be compared with Jun, and he has gorgeous banquet facilities for Sanhui Table and Jun, but Qi people don't think he is extravagant. After Guan Zhong's death, Qi still followed his policies and was often stronger than other vassal states. After more than a hundred years, Qi has another Yan Ying.
Extended data
First, the creative background
A surname suffered from castration and could not atone. My friend didn't help him, so I wrote this biography with deep concern. If Bao, who knew Guan Zhong at that time, knew about it, someone could encourage you to save him. If anyone who knew Master Yue knew about it, you could also help Fadai to redeem him. Bao's understanding of people, his admiration for driving and his expression of emotions have all declined.
Second, the appreciation of works
The first part introduces the origin of Guan Zhong. It focuses on his appointment as Xiang because of Bao's recommendation, which is the beginning of Guan Zhong's detailed discussion on his relationship with him. In Guan Zhong's brilliant career, he used the words "governing Qi, dominating, nine princes, conquering the world, Guan Zhong's plan" to disdain. The clues are concentrated and the pen is very strong.
The second part shows the characteristics of this article. Through Guan Zhong's words, he tries his best to show the typical life experience between him and Uncle Bao.
"Sharing wealth" takes more than greed, and people are trapped in "poverty" rather than "stupidity" for "seeking things". All the "three officials" were driven away rather than "immoral" and retreated in the battle rather than "timid". The prisoner has succumbed to the new owner, not "shameless". Bao Shu can forgive Guan Zhong for a series of unforgivable and understandable behaviors.
In class society, people are full of caring for interests and changing their mood. Uncle Bao's handling of Guan Zhong in this article can really make people in need of assistance and friendship cry in the old days. Bao Shu understands people and can make ordinary people so moved. Then Guan Zhongmin shouted "My parents gave birth to me, and Bao Shu knows me", which is natural and sincere, not too much. As exciting as * * *.
This lyrical dialogue in the article is written with a combination of brush strokes, overlapping and coherent. It is sad, frustrated and swaying, and it has a delicate feeling, which makes the rhythm of the article change and stagger. Bao Shu's sage and Guan Zhong's career complement each other; Guan Zhong's pollution was removed by Uncle Bao's wisdom.
Sima Qian saved pen and ink in his narrative, but let go of Guan Zhong's lyric words. The purpose is to attach Bao Shu to Yan Guan's biography, which plays a subtle role. Therefore, the following article also introduces the descendants of Bao Shu, and concludes: "There are not many talented people in the world, but many people in Bao Shu can know people."
In the third paragraph, the style of writing has changed again, and it is described by discussion, which is close to what modern people call "the history of discussion."
It uses the author's comments and Guan Zhong's own remarks to supplement the reasons for Guan Zhong's success. The main purpose is not to commend Guan Zhong, but to provide historical experience with universal significance for people to learn from. Historical biography pays attention to providing meaningful political and economic experiences and lessons, which is a great ideological value of Historical Records.
Sima Qian has Confucianism and is good at absorbing the reasonable factors of attaching importance to nature and conforming to people's hearts in Taoism. In his Biography of Huo Zhi, he once played a very insightful thought of "guiding the situation" in developing the economy; In this paragraph, Guan Zhong's successful political experience of "giving orders like flowing water makes people happy" and "every cloud has a silver lining, turning defeat into victory" is also emphatically introduced.
After writing Guan Zhong's deeds, this passage leads to the sentence "Yan was born in nearly a hundred years", which shows the similar relationship between the two, and is a common method to introduce Yan Ying's deeds later in Historical Records.