1.
The great ideological and artistic value of Anna karenin has aroused great social repercussions once it was published. Tolstoy did not simply write a story about adultery between men and women, but revealed the status of women in Russian society through this story and criticized its irrationality. The work describes the conflict between personal emotional needs and social morality. 1877, the first edition of the novel was published. According to its contemporaries, it caused "a real social explosion", and all its chapters attracted the attention of the whole society, endlessly "discussing, admiring, criticizing and quarreling, as if things were related to everyone's most vital problems".
But it didn't take long for society to recognize it as a great masterpiece, and the height it reached was never reached by Russian literature. Dostoevsky, a great writer, commented excitedly: "This is a perfect artistic masterpiece, unique in modern European literature!" He even called Tolstoy "the God of Art". Anna karenin, the heroine in the book, has become one of the most beautiful and plump female images in the history of world literature. The pioneer of bourgeois women's liberation pursues the liberation of personality and sincere love in her own way, although she can only end in failure because of the constraints of the system. However, her profound inner experience and strong emotional sincerity, as well as her exuberant vitality and tragic fate, are gripping. Its most attractive place is that her bold style, gorgeous words and just the right tension give life to this masterpiece. It also allows future generations to remember without too many reasons.
2.
Anna was lying on a sleeper covered with sand and coal. A once moving, sincere and energetic star of life crossed the sky and finally landed on the track where her love and hate began. I saw the movie version of anna karenine a long time ago, but I always suspected that it wasn't the real Anna, so I always longed to read Anna written by lev tolstoy, but when I read the original carefully, I always fidgeted. When Anna and W lenski met for the first time at the railway station, "but I think he must look at her again ... When he turned around, she turned around, with a pair of gray eyes, black, shining under thick eyelashes, staring at his face kindly and intently, as if looking for someone." Love at first sight ended in tragedy, but the romantic encounter made me indulge in a wonderful and peaceful realm. Anna's runaway at the racetrack exposed their love affair, Anna gave birth to his child, karenin's religious tolerance made Anna grateful and angry, Anna and W. Lenski came back from abroad, Anna was abandoned by society and family, and W. Lenski re-entered the social circle, obsessed with her bright future, unresolved divorce agreement, unforgettable love for her children and selfish and deep love monopoly psychology, all of which not only made Anna realize eight years. And I am also excited, sad and entangled in Anna's story. Especially later, Anna was tortured by loneliness and jealousy. When no one said or understood, I finally understood why Anna chose to die. She is in so much pain that death can erase everything.
3.
Anna karenine, like War and Peace, is one of the masterpieces of Tolstoy, a great Russian writer. Even a more perfect work than War and Peace. Although Tolstoy didn't have his great momentum and the same joy to create, the thoughts that dominated his works had more skillful artistic skills and rich experience, and there were no secrets in his mind. More obviously, Tolstoy interweaves his personality, his philosophical thoughts and the scenery of life in the content of his works.
Anna karenine is intertwined with the tragedy of Anna's pursuit of love life and Levin's exploration of social outlet. Through these two plot clues, the novel constructs a complex relationship network from the city to the countryside, from family marriage, economic support, political views to ideology and morality.
Except for some compliments about Levin's engagement, all the love stories in the whole work are far less poetic than some young pages in War and Peace ―― these pages are comparable to the wonderful lyric poems of all ages. On the contrary, love here contains violence, lust and bossy character. The fatalism that dominates this novel is no longer a god like war and peace, nor a master of fate, but a madness of love. When Anna and Vransky fell in love unconsciously, it was also God's love that made Anna's face shine ―― it was not a joyful light, but a terrible fire that broke out in the darkness. It is this god of love that makes this aboveboard and rational young woman exude sensual power in her blood vessels, and love remains in her heart until this heart is melted into pieces. People close to Anna feel the potential demonic attraction and threat. Katie was the first to find it in horror. When Vransky went to see Anna, there was also a mysterious fear in his happy feeling. Levin lost all will in front of Anna. Anna knows that she can't control herself. When the plot of the novel gradually evolved, irresistible lust completely destroyed the moral barrier of this arrogant figure. All her best qualities-her sincere and brave soul has collapsed and fallen, and she has no courage to continue to resist the world. Her life has no other purpose except to please her lover. She timidly and shamefully kept herself from getting pregnant and was passionate about raising horses. She suffers from jealousy; There is falsehood in her voice and eyes in her actions; She belongs to the kind of woman who wants any man to look back at her. She drugged herself with morphine and was trapped in the painful contradiction of mental degradation, but she realized her degradation and couldn't extricate herself until she couldn't stand it, forcing her to throw herself under the train wheel-she leaned over a pocket and hid something in it, which was her past life, pain, deception, trouble and happiness. ...
"I reserve the right to revenge," God said. ...
This is the tragedy of the soul tortured by love ―― a painting depicting Tolstoy's vigorous and profound pen angle.
But this novel has more important significance than Anna's tragedy and Russian society in 1860-salons, officers' clubs, dances, theaters, horse races, etc. He criticized the Russian society in the form of satire or violence in his novels many times, which was constantly criticized in Tolstoy's later works. Attack lies, attack all lies, regard moral lies as evil lies, denounce liberal arguments, attack secular vanity sympathy, religion and fraternity in salons, and declare war on the whole society, because it charms all true sentiments and stifles the vitality of the soul! In the stale atmosphere of society, death suddenly radiates a kind of light. Facing the dying Anna, the hypocritical Galen was also moved. This is lifeless, everything is an artificial soul, which has the light of love and the forgiveness of Christianity. In an instant, husband, wife and lover have all changed. Everything becomes simple and upright. However, when Anna gradually replied, all three people felt that "in addition to the almost sacred power that dominated them internally, there was another power, which was rough and powerful, and they could not help support their lives, so that they could no longer enjoy peace". They knew in advance that they were incompetent in this battle. "They will be forced to do evil and be considered necessary by society."
Levin also became sublimated at the end of the book, because death also touched him. He has always been "unbelievable and can't be completely skeptical." Since seeing his brother's death, he was afraid of his ignorance, and the happiness of the wedding suppressed these sad feelings for some time. But since his first child was born, they have appeared again. Sometimes he prayed, sometimes he denied everything, he browsed philosophy books in vain, and in the frantic time, he even feared that he would commit suicide. Physical labor calmed him down and temporarily forgot his troubles. Levin talks with farmers; One of them talked to him about those "people who live not for themselves but for God". This was a revelation to him, and he discovered the hostility between reason and mind. Reason teaches people to fight cruelly for survival; It is totally unreasonable to love others.
"Reason taught me nothing; Everything I know is revealed to me by my heart. "
Since then, peace has returned. For Levin, the heart is the only guide ―― the name brings him back to God ... what God? He doesn't want to know. At this time, Levin, like Tolstoy for a long time in the future, was very modest in front of the church and had no conflict with the doctrine.
"Even in the illusion of the sky and the movement of the planet's appearance, there is a truth."
Anna karenine, if you savor it carefully, will eventually sigh that it is an epic masterpiece; If we simply regard it as a work criticizing capitalism, it is undoubtedly a blasphemy against anna karenine and Tolstoy.
4.
Mr. Lu Xun once said that tragedy is to tear up beautiful things for people to see, and the heroine's love tragedy in anna karenine is actually a tortuous reflection of a sick society. Any work describing love should not write love for the sake of writing love, especially great works, because there is no love without society. It is a common and effective way to reflect social problems by using love themes. In the works of great writers, love tragedies often have similar love and historical values.
Anna karenine is the most brilliant and charming human image in Tolstoy's female images and one of the most artistic images in the history of world literature. She is dazzling, beautiful and noble, full of strong tragic color.
Anna was born in an aristocratic family and received orthodox aristocratic education from an early age. Therefore, although she was later influenced by bourgeois ideas and was a liberated woman in Tolstoy's works, in fact, she did not and could not completely get rid of the traditional ideas of the aristocratic class, and her thoughts and feelings were still inseparable from feudal consciousness. Because two kinds of consciousness exist in her thoughts at the same time, which further stipulates her actions, in the process of pursuing love, sharp contradictions will inevitably arise in her heart. She hates her family very much and longs to get rid of the loveless environment, although she is just a beautiful vase in karenin's heart. Although karenin didn't want to divorce in order to maintain a harmonious and happy family form, she put Anna in the position of the criminal's wife through law and religious morality. But once she really wanted to leave the family and abandon her husband, she sympathized with karenin's situation and felt guilty for him, praising karenin as "a really good man" and "a saint" and could not completely give up the relationship with her family. She has a strong maternal love for her son. In the past, she pinned all her love on her son, who became the source of her happiness and happiness. In this way, she can make up for the emptiness in her inner world to some extent. Later, she left her baby son for Wolinski, which made Anna suffer from the loss of maternal love.
5.
Anna karenine is a classic work of Russian great writer Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (1828-1910) who criticized realism. Tolstoy wrote as many as 90 books in his life. The diary of 64 years is the best testimony of his long-term moral introspection and cultivation. This habit of meditation makes his literary works less impetuous, more calm, less frivolous and more heavy.
Anna karenine, written in 1873- 1877, reflects the Russian social reality that after the serfdom reform in 19, residual forces unwilling to quit the historical stage coexisted with new and imperfect capitalism. The work attempts to explore the position of class and revolution, the fate of nobles and civilians, and the significance of marriage and family in an image way. The value of life and death, moral cultivation, religious belief and many other issues are thought-provoking masterpieces.
6.
I don't like Anna very much. After all, she is still too fragile, trapped in passion and has no higher pursuit. Later, she was trapped by love and gradually vulgarized her life. But I like Anna better than karenin and others. Because she is sincere and always follows her inner life. It is a flash that a person obeys his inner free will.
The most intense point that many people attack Anna is that women should control their lust with the responsibility of their wives and mothers. However, for thousands of years, there has never been a time when women were not suppressed and bound, and most women silently restrained themselves. Although you can't help but have no love, you are already a wife and mother. Just accept your fate. -if this responsibility is to suppress human nature from beginning to end, shouldn't it be broken and become a voluntary and self-selected responsibility? The question here is whether the responsibility of a wife or mother is sacred and inviolable. Women are people first. Beauvoir's The Second Sex reveals this point. Women are created by society. The most basic roles given to her by society are wife and mother. But often involuntarily become these two roles. Is it because you are forced to be a good wife and mother that you have to give up your right to be a man? Because of this, women are so easily oppressed and manipulated by men. Isn't this tragic history long enough and cruel enough? Many women don't even know themselves. After thousands of years of unconscious repression, they still want to suppress their female compatriots.
But now, it is another matter, because now women have the right to choose their wives and mothers, so they have to bear corresponding responsibilities.
Anna's value lies in her self-awakening. In that dark age, it was a beam of light. In fact, in an era when free will and normal needs are excessively suppressed, rebellion against it is a great progress, even if it is excessive. Because it tore a hole in the decadent rules and increased the possibility of women's fate. Otherwise, how did our modern women get their freedom in marriage and personal life? It's just that generations of women have been deviant and won a little.
Why did Anna have such a tragedy? Her pursuit is too narrow, always confined to personal lust, pinning the meaning of life on a man's love. But after careful analysis, I'm afraid she has no other way out. Even if Nora leaves, I don't know what to do. In such a society, women have no independent survival ability, and the sincerity of personality makes it more difficult to survive. Women are also suffering from loveless marriage-that's for sure, upper-class marriage is more about the balance of interests and status-most upper-class ladies are having an affair, but they can maintain a double life, secretly * *, tacitly maintaining the so-called aristocratic demeanor and maintaining order. At that time, the upper class in Europe pursued a set of strict moral standards. Women must behave themselves before marriage, but marriage is the way to liberation. Under the legal status, women seem to be free to indulge. Whatever you do, just don't tear your face. This kind of "freedom" is essentially a submission to hypocritical and decadent moral values and an indulgence of the body, but it has nothing to do with the soul. This harmony between body and soul is even more shameless and immoral. It is this hypocrisy that Anna hates. She can't do it. The upper class can't tolerate Anna who openly challenges this order. Anna has no way out. She belongs to that society after all, but she can't walk on the established track of that circle.
7.
Anna is undoubtedly beautiful. She is like a wonderful flower among weeds. Her beauty is not only beyond words, but also full of heart. She is kind-hearted, warm and sincere, charming but sincere, energetic and light, smart and sensible. She is passionate and emotional, and has lived a life without understanding love for eight years, so that she can give up her honorary family and even her son at all costs when she meets true love. Anna, she pursues her own love. She is honest and not dissolute. When she accepted lenski's love, she bravely bid farewell to her husband's past life. She said, "I know I can't deceive myself any more. I'm alive. It's not my fault. God is with me. I want love, I want to live. " She pursues sincere love. She once said to W. lenski, "Love, I don't like that word just because it means too much to me, far beyond your understanding. She is sincere and simple, loves to change love vigorously, and there is nothing to hide. She would rather die than tolerate her deception.
Karenin, the embodiment of this bureaucratic system, only wants medals and official titles all his life. In his view, the reason why he needs a family is not because of the need of love, but because such an ornament is indispensable in his official career.
Such a cold political official, an orphan since childhood, a man who only pursues fame and wealth but doesn't understand love, and a husband who will tremble when Anna thinks about it eight years later! In reality, he is very mean. He married a wife with no emotional foundation for his future and treated Anna and his only son coldly. There is no doubt that he can't bring Anna the love she craves. His combination with Anna, in my opinion, was a mistake from beginning to end. Anna's desire for love is totally incompatible with Lenin's ruthlessness. So Anna will love wronski like a moth to a fire, because he can bring her so-called love.
I think Anna is brave. She never regrets the path she chose: "If everything has to start all over again, it will still be the same." She despised the depraved and hypocritical lives of those noble men and women, and raised her proud and beautiful head to the whole society in the theater.
8.
Anna's life can be said to be a great tragedy, but who caused this tragedy? Some people think that her tragedy is caused by the upper class and old morality, but can Anna avoid all the misfortunes of another society?
People are members of the same organism and individuals in specific social relations. People will not only be influenced by society, but also will inevitably affect society and others, but the scope of influence is different. Because people themselves can't exist without society, so people's love can't be completely pure, regardless of society and others.
Anna accused some people in the upper class of being "hypocritical" and "cheating". She thinks that what she pursues is true and pure love, which is different from fornication and adultery in high society. Admittedly, her accusation is reasonable to some extent. The upper class in Russia where she lives really lacks true love, and the ladies are full of hypocrisy, gloating over Anna's "depravity". However, in any society, marriage, as a universal meaning, should not be destroyed and trampled at will, even if it is such a grand vocabulary as "true love". Cheating for love and destroying marriage will do immeasurable harm to both husband and wife, children, other relatives and even people around them. Similarly, the harm caused by this behavior to society is immeasurable. Regardless of the existence of existing marriage, it has become a social atmosphere to devote oneself to the pursuit of love. Then everyone in this society will be in danger, and almost everyone's happiness will not be guaranteed, let alone social stability. Therefore, it is correct and normal for a society to morally condemn the betrayal of marriage by its individual members. No matter in Anna's Russian era or today's society, it is impossible and should not completely forgive the betrayal of marriage.
Anna Karenina pursues love for a reason, because her own marriage is blind and there is no love, and her husband karenin actually doesn't care much about her infidelity. But this kind of situation is rare and individual after all, and it is impossible for society to treat its behavior differently because of individual reasons. Therefore, Anna was despised and insulted in society, and was finally exiled by the society she lived in. To some extent, all this is understandable. Although love is a beautiful and important emotion, it can't destroy society for the sake of love, otherwise it will not only bring bad influence to society, but also be punished by society like anna karenine.
9.
Anna karenin consists of two parallel main clues and a connected secondary clue, which reflects the political, economic, moral and psychological contradictions in all the newly arranged times after the serfdom reform. The novel shows the disintegration of feudal family relations and moral decay through Anna-Carreno-W. Lenski clues; Through the clue of Lenny-Kitty, this paper describes the situation that the landlord economy is facing crisis after the capitalist forces invaded the countryside, and reveals the author's painful mood of persistent search for a way out. This time, Dorian Aublanc wants to skillfully connect the two main lines, which correspond to each other in family thoughts and draw lessons from each other, and outline three different types of family patterns and lifestyles. The author is proud of this kind of building. The circular arch seamlessly connects the two buildings, "making people unaware of where the vault is."
The heroine Anna karenin is one of the most beautiful and plump female images in the history of world literature. The depth of her inner experience and the sincerity of her feelings, as well as her exuberant vitality and tragic fate, are all gripping.
Anna's voice and smile when she first appeared were unforgettable: her figure was graceful and Wen Ya, and there was a pent-up anger hidden under a pair of thick eyelashes ... as if there was an excess energy in her heart and mind, which appeared in her eyes and smile against her will. This excellent portrait shows Anna's spiritual beauty and urges us to explore the mystery of her life. Anna's parents died young, and under the arrangement of her aunt, she married Kareni, a big bureaucrat twenty years older than her. After marriage, under the control of the patriarchal clan system, she was content with her fate, just pinning all her feelings on her son. W Lenski awakened her late-maturing love. She longs for free and bold love, and doesn't want to openly receive her lover at a family dinner like Duchess Betsy. I don't want to accept my husband's advice, but I still maintain the superficial relationship between husband and wife and secretly associate with my lover; Finally, he broke out of the family and joined with W Lenski, openly confronting the whole society. Since then, Anna has lost all the status and rights of an aristocratic woman in society. She had nothing but the love of W. Lenski, so she devoted herself to this love with enthusiasm and persistence. Indeed, abroad, in Lenski's manor, Anna had experienced a brief "unforgivable happiness". She abandoned her mother's vocation, but she couldn't calm the sadness caused by the loss of her beloved son. She wants to hold her head high and declare that she is a happy woman, but she can't get rid of her guilty wife's consciousness. Her soul was tortured. But the desperate and self-contained love for W Lenski can't get the corresponding emotional response. Anna was desperate. Before she died, she shouted angrily: "Everything is hypocrisy, lies, deception and sin."
Anna's image has undergone great changes in the writer's creative process: from a woman who lost her foothold in low-level tastes to a sincere and serious woman who would rather die than surrender. Tolstoy expressed his thoughts on the fate and ethical standards of people in the turbulent Russian society at that time through Anna's love and family tragedy. Writers praise people's vitality and reasonable requirements of human nature; At the same time, he firmly denied the role of all political and social activities (including women's liberation movement) in improving people's destiny, and emphasized the importance of mother-woman's bounden duty. The contradiction of the writer's world outlook constitutes the complexity of Anna's image. For more than a hundred years, writers from all over the world have put Anna on the stage, screen and screen according to their own understanding. The image of Anna has always excited readers of different times and nationalities, which just shows that the artistic vitality of Anna's image is immortal.
On the other hand, Levin is an autobiographical hero in Tolstoy's novels. He plays a connecting role in Tolstoy's creation, and artistically reproduces the writer's thoughts and feelings on the eve of the drastic change of the world outlook. From the structural arrangement, Levin's happy family is in contrast with Anna's unhappy family, but from the ideological exploration, Levin has a mental crisis after marriage, and he is worried about the decline of the aristocratic class. He studied the role of labor force in agricultural production, formulated the plan of "bloodless revolution" and explored the purpose of life, but there was no way out. Romain rolland pointed out that Lenny not only reflected Tolstoy's conservative and democratic view of things, but also the love between Lenny and Kitty in the first few years after their marriage was an adaptation of the writer's own family life memory. Similarly, the death of Levin's brother is also a painful memory of Tolstoy's brother Dmitry. The end of the work is the author's own transition to spiritual revolution.
10.
After reading lev tolstoy's anna karenine, I feel a sense of desolation, as if I had finished a life with the protagonist in the book-an extraordinary life.
Anna is a happy woman. God has given her too much: a beautiful face, a good figure, a lively son and a husband who can bring her a comfortable and rich life. But how do you define happiness? God didn't give her what she wanted most-ideal love. With a senior official karenin who is twenty years older than her. After more than ten years of marriage, her husband's prominent position and obsession with fame and fortune will also be good for Anna, but these "good" are only the public opinion that her husband pays attention to. It is a husband's responsibility to his wife to abide by and fulfill the religious significance of marriage. The routine conversation every night annoys Anna even more. Abundance in life cannot hide hunger and thirst in the heart.
The meeting under the train station created the doomed love, and Anna and W. Lenski finally ended up on the train. Her husband is a pool of stagnant water, and now a heat flow is coming at her like a tsunami. Cold water, like hot water, finally broke through Anna's dike, and Lenski's love flooded Wan Li like a tsunami. Without the marriage system, illegitimate children and public opinion, the harmonious love between Anna and W. Lenski came too late, which is gratifying. But reality is reality, and their combination is not unusual, but it is very common in St. Petersburg. It doesn't seem terrible to violate the marriage system and lose the duties of a mother. What is terrible is that they resolutely destroyed the decent rules of the game in the upper class. However, Anna became her own master for the first time-she wanted to have complete love.
However, Anna finally died on the track. A sincere, moving and energetic life passed away like this. Looking back on Anna's life track, from having a happy and simple family and a happy life to Lenski's intervention, she called it "love". And the arrival of this "love" took everything away from her.
Anna should be an honest, brave and dignified woman. When accepting Lenski's love, she said that she could no longer stand her original "hypocrisy and deception" and bravely broke up with her husband. She said, "I know I can't deceive myself any more. I'm alive. It's not my fault. God is with me. I want love, I want to live. " She is an upright and not dissolute woman, and she pursues sincere love. Anna struggled in the hypocrisy of aristocratic society and tried to get rid of it. She pursues "real human life". In her mind, a woman is not the object of being played with, nor the ornament of a man's life. They are living people with feelings, ambitions, personalities and dignity. She pinned her pursuit on sincere love and tried to find a way to completely liberate herself and her personality. To this end, she sacrificed everything, including family, reputation, social status and beloved son.
Love in the world is like this, it is thrilling, it is committed to life and death, and it has a long history ... Before love, there is no right or wrong, only whether they really loved. Isn't it?