original text

Qiu Yi is also a good game for the whole country. Let Qiu Yi bully two people, one concentrate and Qiu Yi listen; Although one person thought it was a swan, he tried to shoot it with his bow. Although I learned chess from the previous one, chess is still not as good as the previous one. Is it because his intelligence is not as good as the former? I said: unnatural.

translate

Qiu Yi is the best chess player. Let him teach two people to play chess, one of whom is absorbed and only listens to Qiu Yi. While the other party was listening, they always thought it was a swan and wanted to shoot it with a bow and arrow. In this way, although he followed the last one, he didn't learn as well as the last one. Can you say this is because his intelligence is not as good as the last one? I said, that's not true.

) Learning Chess is selected from Mencius Gaozi. Mencius (372-289 BC) was named Yu Zi. During the Warring States Period, Zou Guoren (this mountain

Dongzou County). China was an ancient thinker and educator. He is a master of Confucianism after Confucius and is honored as the "Asian sage". Later generations called him and Confucius together.

The Biography of Confucius and Mencius was written by Mencius and his disciples. The content includes Mencius' political activities, political theory, philosophical thoughts and personality cultivation.

Wait a minute. The book is divided into seven chapters: Liang Huiwang, Gong Sunchou, Teng Wengong, Li Lou, Zhang Wan, Gao Zi and Dedication.

original text

Learn from Mencius

Qiu Yi is the best athlete in this country. Let Qiu Yi teach two people to play chess, one to concentrate on playing chess, and Qiu Yi listens; Although one person thought it was a swan, he tried to shoot it with his bow. Although I learned chess from the previous one, chess is still not as good as the previous one. Is it because his intelligence is not as good as the former? I said: unnatural.

translate

Qiu Yi is the best Go player in China. Let Qiu Yi teach two people to play Go. One of them was so absorbed that he listened carefully, pondered and understood everything Qiu Yi said. On the surface, another person is also listening to Qiu Yi's teaching, but in his heart, he thinks the swan is coming and thinks about how to shoot it down with a bow and arrow. Although they learn Go together, the latter is not as good as the former. Isn't his intelligence inferior to the former? I said, that's not true.

To annotate ...

Learn chess (play Go)

The number of games played today is decimal; You can't do it if you don't concentrate. Qiu, appointed, is called because he is good at playing chess. He is good at playing chess all over the country. Make (let) Qiu Yi teach (teach) two people to play, one of them is absorbed, but (only listen) Qiu Yi's (purpose) is to listen (teach); Although a man listened to it (Qiu Yi's instructions), he thought a swan (swan) was coming, so he tried to help (pull) the bow and shoot it (swan). Although we learn from it (the former), if it is not (better), it is better (better). Because (because) is (the latter) wisdom (intelligence)? Yue (A): Not (no) but (so) is (true).

Yi: Play Go.

Qiu Yi is the best athlete in this country.

The man's name is Qiu, and he is called Qiu because he is good at playing chess.

Across the country: the whole country.

One: Yes.

Good: good at it, good at it.

Manufacturing: manufacturing.

Teaching: teaching.

One of them is.

Listen to Qiu Yi: Listen to Qiu Yi's teaching.

Although: although.

One: refers to Qiu Yijiao.

Honghu Lake: Swan.

Auxiliary: guide and pull.

Note: This article refers to arrows made of silk rope. (Pronunciation: zhuó)

One: Swan.

One: the former.

Everyone: Together.

Frodo: How about it?

Yi: Right.

For: Because.

Use:?

Go ahead.

No: no.

Its: the latter.

Ran: That's it.

Thinking: thinking.

source

Learn chess from Mencius? Sue ". Mencius (372-289 BC) was named Yu Zi. Zou Guoren in the Warring States Period (now Zou County, Shandong Province). China was an ancient thinker, educator and politician. He is a master of Confucianism after Confucius and is honored as the "Asian sage". Later generations called him and Confucius "Confucius and Mencius". Mencius was written by Mencius and his disciples. The content includes Mencius' political activities, political theory, philosophical thoughts and personality cultivation. The book is divided into seven chapters: Liang Huiwang, Gong Sunchou, Teng Wengong, Li Lou, Zhang Wan, Gao Zi and Dedication. This ancient prose has four sentences and three meanings. The first sentence means that Qiu Yi is the best chess player in China. This sentence paved the way for the following, because "a good teacher makes a big apprentice", his students must be masters, and they must be masters like a cloud. However, on the second floor (the second sentence and the third sentence), there is a disharmony phenomenon: one of the two students of Qiu Yijiao is absorbed in Qiu Yijiao's things; The other one was listening, but he was thinking that there might be a swan coming. He wanted to pick up a bow and an arrow and shoot it down with a silk rope. As a result, although we studied together, the latter lagged far behind the former. The third level (the last two sentences) is to ask yourself: Is the latter smarter than the former? I can say: not at all. Contact the second floor, you can see that the latter one is behind only because he refuses to concentrate on his studies! There are only four sentences, but they clearly explain the reason why you can't learn skills well without concentration, and tell us that only concentration can achieve something. The conciseness and refinement of classical Chinese can be seen from this. (Read more about Mencius and Confucius)

pronounce

Qiu Yi, who is good at national chess, asked two people to play chess, and one of them listened attentively to Qiu Yi. Although one person listened to it, he thought it was a swan, thought about it and took a picture. Although it is borrowed, it is too unreal. Why is "its wisdom" real? Yue: It's unnatural.

Tone when reading the text:

Read with a curious and pleasant mood for knowledge.

realize

Don't be half-hearted in learning anything, you must concentrate on it to learn well. Understand the true meaning!

draft or text of a speech

First, analysis of teaching materials and learning situation

Learning Chess teaches two people to play Weiqi in Qiu Yi, which shows that learning must be absorbed and never half-hearted.

This text is the lecture and reading text of the eighth group of the ninth volume of primary school Chinese, and it is also the first classical Chinese that primary school students come into contact with. The purpose of arranging classical Chinese is to let students feel the language of classical Chinese, understand the long and splendid culture of the motherland, further cultivate their thoughts and feelings of loving the language of the motherland, and lay a solid foundation for junior high school to learn classical Chinese. Because classical Chinese is quite different from modern Chinese in terms of words and sentence patterns, and it is the first time for students to contact, I regard guiding reading and reciting as the teaching difficulty of this course, and understanding the meaning of each sentence as the teaching difficulty to break through.

Second, the teaching objectives

1, knowledge target

(1), mastering new words and reading and writing correctly: It's good to teach everyone in autumn.

(2) Read the text correctly and fluently and recite the text.

(3) According to the notes after class, dredge the full text and understand the story.

2. Ability objectives

Through discussion, we can realize from the text that we must concentrate on learning and not be half-hearted.

3. Emotional goals

Cultivate students' thoughts and feelings of loving the language and writing of the motherland.

Third, teaching rules.

1, teaching methods: model essay reading, reading guidance and instruction.

2. Learning methods: self-study since the enlightenment, cooperative exploration.

Fourth, the teaching process

1, epigrams lead the way, and introduce new lessons.

2. Fan reading stimulates interest and leads to reading articles.

3. Learn to recite and clarify the meaning of the text.

4. Talk to each other at the same table and communicate with the whole class

5, cooperative inquiry, reading comprehension

6. Transfer training and practice reading ancient Chinese.

"Teach people to fish, and also teach people to fish", and the new standard attaches great importance to students' accumulation of methods in learning. In the first teaching class, I first show the following aphorisms:

A threesome requires a teacher.

Read it a hundred times and you will understand what you mean.

Review the past and learn the new.

Study from time to time.

Ask students to read aloud and express their understanding, and then compare them with the written language we usually use to guide students to summarize the characteristics of these epigrams: some words are different from modern pronunciation and meaning; Concise and meaningful. Tell the students that these epigrams are written in classical Chinese, and articles written in classical Chinese are called classical Chinese. She is an ancient writing style and an excellent cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. Reading classical Chinese can improve language comprehension and expression.

Generalization ability and logical thinking ability. The most basic way to learn classical Chinese is reading aloud, and the best way is reading aloud.

The ancients said: "You can't know what you mean until you read it a hundred times", and modern educators are also emphasizing: "Interest is the best teacher". After students know how to learn classical Chinese, I will read the text twice first to make it cadence, vivid and fluent, infect students and stimulate their reading interest. Then guide reading and guide the reading methods of classical Chinese: first, slow down the reading speed, and second, pause appropriately. After students master the correct reading method of each sentence, let them practice reading freely so as to be familiar with and recite. Let the students read from the beginning and understand every sentence with the notes at the end of the article.

Understanding the meaning of each sentence is the difficulty in learning classical Chinese. In this part of teaching, I ask students to read since the enlightenment by themselves, try to figure out the meaning of sentences with the help of notes, and then talk at the same table, correct and supplement each other, and write down what they don't understand, so that they can discuss with their classmates in class communication. When communicating with the whole class, I use the teaching methods of timely nudge and nudge to guide students to understand the text correctly. Finally, I told the main idea of the full text, and I guided the students to clarify the meaning of the text.

Learning history can be wise, and the key to wisdom is to understand a truth from ancient Chinese and achieve the goal of making the past serve the present. Therefore, when teaching the fifth link, I will first show two questions:

(1), what is the reason for discussing "although we learn from it, it is too much for us"? What can be drawn from this?

(2) Let's talk about whether we have this kind of experience.

Then discuss and solve the first problem in groups, understand that the difference in learning effect between two people is due to the different learning attitudes, and come to the conclusion that learning must be absorbed and never half-hearted, so as to achieve the purpose of reading comprehension. When dealing with the second question, encourage students to speak freely, and strive to practice the requirements of the new curriculum standard "pay attention to respecting students' unique emotional experience and original understanding", so that students can further realize the importance of devoting themselves to study and work, and learn to guide their study with correct ideas.

In order to cultivate students' interest in learning classical Chinese and their sense of innovation, after I finished writing the text, I printed and distributed the idioms and stories I had learned in classical Chinese, such as Encouraging Young Seedlings, Waiting for Rabbits, Stealing the Clock, and Fighting for a Clam, and practiced reading classical Chinese. These classical Chinese idioms tell stories, which are easy to understand and familiar to students, and can stimulate students' interest in learning.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) Description on the blackboard

My blackboard writing is simple and clear. Through two different learning attitudes, two opposite learning results are obtained, which are in sharp contrast, which has profound educational significance and fully reveals the truth contained in the text.

blackboard-writing design

Learn chess.

Dedication-success

Teaching design

Teaching objectives:

1. Under the guidance of teachers and the independent cooperation of the group, students can dredge the text according to after-class notes, read since the enlightenment by themselves and master the methods of learning classical Chinese.

2. Students can read the text with emotion, understand the story and explain it in their own words. Recite the text correctly, stop the rhythm and cadence appropriately, and get a preliminary understanding of the special language phenomena in classical Chinese from repeated reading.

Students can learn from the text that they must concentrate on their work and not be half-hearted.

4. Students can extend from in-class to out-of-class, further understand and experience China's splendid ancient culture, accumulate classical Chinese idioms and idiom stories, and improve the comprehensive quality of Chinese.

Teaching emphases and difficulties:

Key points: understand the text, read the text and learn to recite.

Difficulties: mastering the reading methods of classical Chinese.

Preparation before class: courseware

Teaching process:

First, pre-class activities: listen to music and show courseware-pictures of the sea.

The teacher asked: Look at the picture, which famous saying do you think of?

Health 1: All rivers run into the sea, with great tolerance; This wall stands tall, but it is rigid without desire.

Student 2: There is a road to diligence in Shushan, and there is no limit to learning from the sea.

Health 3: The sea is the vastest in the world, and the sky must be vastest. What is broader than the sky is the human mind.

…… ……

Teacher's words: a person must give up before he can gain something. Clubs are lazy and diligent; Give up playing and gain knowledge; Give up half-hearted and succeed. In this class, I hope my classmates can become the sea, containing more knowledge and more truth.

Second, contact life and stimulate interest:

Teacher: What's your hobby? (biology)

Teacher: It seems that everyone has many hobbies. (Show the courseware) What is this person's hobby?

Health: I can see they are playing chess.

Teacher: There is a little story behind this picture. More than two thousand years ago, the great thinker and educator Mencius wrote this article. (blackboard writing: learning)

Third, inspire questions and get a preliminary understanding.

Teacher: What does "one" mean? (Student answers)

Teacher: What does "learning games" mean? What else do you want to know when you see the topic?

Student 1: How did two students learn to play Go?

Health 2: I want to know, what is their research result? (blackboard writing problem)

The teacher summarizes the questions raised by the students in this link and introduces the following links.

Fourth, teach the content of the text:

1) If you have confidence, you will accomplish all the tasks well. (Show courseware)

2) read with notes. (Show courseware)

1, self-study, clear up new words, and underline sentences that you can't understand or understand;

2. Group cooperation, lack of mutual reading;

Send a representative to tell you a story in your own words.

Third, understand the main idea and read smoothly.

1, find students to read;

2. Group reading;

3. Students read together;

4. Old teachers study;

5. Teachers and students read each other.

5. Grasp the key sentences and analyze them.

Teacher: What do you think of the two students in the article? Underline and read silently (show courseware)

Teacher: What's the difference between the two students? (Student answers)

Read this sentence again and read the charm of classical Chinese.

5. Recite and spot check.

Sixth, contact the reality and understand the sentiment.

Teacher: Before class, everyone talked about their hobbies. Now, it seems, just interested. Who will recite the text? (Students raise their hands and call up two students)

Teacher: If the two of them start fighting now, can you predict the result?

Teacher: Why is it wise?

Health: No.

Teacher: Why is it wise? Are their teachers different? What kind of person is their teacher? What about these two students?

Teacher: This idiom comes from this story.

Teacher: Have you ever done anything half-hearted in your study and life? Tell it to everyone. What do you know about it?

Conclusion: Let's see, whether it's playing chess or doing other things. Intelligence is not the most important thing. What is the most important thing? It's attitude. It's really attitude that determines everything.

Seven, summarize the reading methods of classical Chinese (courseware)

1, self-confidence (half the battle);

2. Read in combination with notes;

3. Understand the main idea and read smoothly (reading rhythm and charm)

4. Grasp the key sentences and analyze them;

5. Recite and accumulate.

Eight, intensive reading training

1, courseware shows Mencius motto:

I want fish and bear's paw. You can't have your cake and eat it. You can take bear's paw instead of fish. Life is as I wish, and righteousness is as I wish. You can't have it both ways, but you have to sacrifice your life for righteousness.

Try to learn by reading classical Chinese to understand and recite.

2. Try to learn "The Day of Two Children Debate" by reading classical Chinese.

Blackboard design:

Learn chess.

A person concentrates on his studies and achieves something.

A person's half-hearted attitude determines success or failure.

Half-hearted failure