As long as anyone who knows a little about Antarctica knows, this scientific experimental station located at 90 south latitude of Antarctica is called Amundsen-Scott Station. This is to commemorate two scientific explorers who first arrived at the South Pole in human history-Norwegian Amundsen and Englishman Scott. 1 910 June1day, Scott left England for the South Pole. 19 1 1 In June, they landed near Cape Evans, New Zealand, and prepared to conquer the South Pole from February of that year to June of the following year. But at this moment, they got the news that another expedition led by Norwegian Amundsen was heading for the South Pole, "competing with him for the honor of being the first to uncover the secret of the stubborn earth"! Therefore, Scott and his party set off in a hurry on June 165438+ 10/day, "winning glory for our country." After some fierce competition, Amundsen got there first, and arrived at the South Pole at1911214, while Scott arrived at191214. In the end, Amundsen returned home in triumph, and the flag of success fluttered in the South Pole forever. Due to the sudden arrival of cold weather in the Antarctic, Scott and five other heroes who attacked the Antarctic were exhausted from hunger. They struggled with the cold for more than two months on their way back, and finally died in the vast snow and ice.

1. Why did Zweig write this tragic scene for the loser Scott with passion, instead of writing a biography for the winner Amundsen?

This can be found in the last two sentences in the article: "Although a man destroyed himself in the struggle against invincible bad luck, his mind became extremely noble. All these are the biggest tragedies in history. " As a great writer, what Zweig thinks of is not the success of his career, but the spiritual shock and enlightenment behind many historical events. According to this value standard, Zweig certainly thinks that it will be more meaningful to give Scott a biography and give people long-term thinking.

2. What excellent human qualities did Scott and his expedition members show? Where is it reflected in the text?

Honest and admirable gentlemanly demeanor. Scott and his party failed in the competition with Amundsen, but they are brave enough to admit defeat and are willing to "testify for another person's achievements in front of the world, and this cause is exactly what he pursues enthusiastically." If you put this matter in front of a person who loves to cheat and break his word, the result can be imagined.

Perseverance, perseverance, heroic spirit of dedication to the cause. In the abridged part, this personality characteristic of Scott has been fully explained:

Judging from the photos, his face is as cold and resolute as thousands of British people. There is no expression on her face, as if her muscles were frozen by inner strength. Blue-gray eyes and a closed mouth. There are no romantic lines and a hint of relaxed and happy colors on his face, only his will and thoughts to consider the reality of the world.

He has been to India and conquered many scattered islands. He has been to Africa with the colonists and participated in numerous world wars. But no matter where he goes, he is an equally cold and reserved face with the same strong perseverance and collective consciousness.

In the article, when they think that their exploration is the immortal cause of mankind, they have superhuman strength. In fact, it is impossible to engage in this cause without the perseverance of exploration, superhuman strength and courage. And when they struggled with death on their way home and fell down and died one by one, none of them were cowards, all of them were celebrities, who lived clearly and died tragically.

Strong spirit of collectivism. Explore the spirit of unity and cooperation. In order to protect your companions at critical moments, you sometimes have to give your life bravely. Scott and his team did this.

Selfless love. At the last breath of his life, Scott was not thinking about his own interests, but always thinking about others: friends, companions, wife and children, as well as his motherland and people. His last suicide note was not for fame after death, but for the true feelings of love; The letter was written so calmly that it didn't look like a dying man at all! Scott left this cold world with passionate love and no hatred.

3. What is the significance of Scott's expedition?

Understand nature, challenge human self, realize the value of life, and inspire future generations with spirit.