The Analects of Confucius begins with the first sentence: "It's better to learn from time to time, isn't it?"
Is that really the case?
Let's take a look at what a typo is. Typos can be divided into typos and other words. A typo is a typo, which looks like a word but is not a word. Another word is written as a word, but it is used in the wrong place, such as "greeting" written as "greeting" and so on. Students with rich examination experience should be able to understand the truth that the correct answer is the same, and the wrong answer is always strange. The same is true of typos. Maybe A is misspelled as B or C, and another student may misspell CD as DC. In other words, if it is a typo, there must be different typos.
There are all kinds of wonderful papers circulating on the Internet.
Looking back at the interchangeable words in ancient Chinese, we will find that many people in different times and regions are the same "wrong" and "wrong". "Yue" is always written as "Say", "Ru" is always written as "Woman" and "Now" is always written as "See" ... This phenomenon cannot be explained clearly by typos.
As a matter of fact, interchangeable characters involve an important concept in the Chinese character-building method, that is, borrowing. This is a word-making method that borrows other homophones instead of ready-made words when expressing a certain meaning. Shuowen: "There are no words in this book, all by sound."
The Book Shadow of Shuo Wen Jie Zi
Chinese characters are constantly derived, and the ancients can use fewer words than modern people, so they often encounter the phenomenon of "having words but not writing". Let's assume a scene: Confucius said "it's not as pleasant as it is", but the word "yue" didn't exist at that time, so the teacher's remarks should be recorded, and Confucius' disciples had to use "Shuo" with similar pronunciation at that time instead. Other people do the same thing at the same time, and this situation is asking for leave.
Perhaps modern people rarely have such troubles as the ancients, but the author happens to have such an example.
In the past, "intelligent ABC" input method was used for typing, and the font library was limited. At that time, there was a common problem among Sichuan and Chongqing people, that is, the meaning of niáng (Auntie, pronounced as one sound in Sichuan dialect) could not be found in Mandarin, and it could not be typed. A similar meaning should be written as "aunt", which looks awkward. Later, a writing style became popular among the relatives of the author, using "Miao" to express the meaning of aunt. Compared with "Wan Heng", "Miao" only lacks a nasal sound, which sounds milky and slightly cute, so at least it is circulated in our small county, and everyone uses it this way. In a sense, "Yang" has become a general term for "Heng".
It is conceivable that in ancient times when information was underdeveloped, the confusion without words must have existed for a long time. In this case, we have to borrow other characters. Therefore, it is one of the most important ways to make Chinese characters under the guise of "Six Books". For a group of examples, the words "East, West, North and South" indicating the direction are all loanwords.
Look at the north first.
Oracle Bone Inscriptions "North" glyph
The north glyph means two people standing back to back, which actually means "back". For example, "chasing the dead and chasing the north." In the war, we won, so we pursued with victory, while the enemy was running for his life, so he had to turn his back on us, so when he pursued the enemy, he saw his own back. So, going north means going back.
On the emblem of Peking University, there is the word "Peking University" written by Xiao Zhuan. The word "North" is very similar to two people sitting back to back.
Look at the west again.
"West" Oracle Bone Inscriptions glyph
The western shape is bird's nest, which originally means to express the meaning of "habitat", that is, the book of "habitat" After the word "Xi" was borrowed and widely used, the ancients added a wooden character to "Xi" to form the word "habitat" to show the difference.
The glyph of "Nan" should be the shape of a musical instrument, which means musical instrument. There is nothing to say.
"South" Oracle Bone Inscriptions glyph
Pay attention to the east.
"East" Oracle Bone Inscriptions glyph
Some people say that the circle in the middle of the word is the sun, which means that the sun rises in the east and just rises among the trees. This statement is unreasonable. After all, the sun will set in the west when it rises, and it will not go through the trees when it sets. In fact, this is an pictograph, which is tied on both sides and bulged in the middle, like a bag. This is the original word of "tuó", which means pocket.
For example, weight is one person carrying a bag.
The zigzag 1 vividly shows a person carrying a big bag. Such a big bag must be heavy.
The "heavy" glyph 2 can already vaguely see the embryonic form of the word "heavy" in regular script.
So, how to prove that "Dong" is a pseudonym of "Dong"? The pronunciation of the two is not similar.
In fact, the word "Dong" in one language still retains the pronunciation of "Tuo", which is amazing to say, and that is Japanese. Think about it. Don't you watch Drag Q in Tokyo?
After reading so much, do you understand? Don't say that an ordinary word is a typo, because if so, many of the words we write now will be typos.