The issue of outlook on life is inseparable from the world outlook and historical outlook. The answers to some fundamental questions in life are related to the worldview and historical outlook. The communist outlook on life is an important part of the proletarian world outlook. Its basic views on the meaning, value, and purpose of life are completely based on dialectical materialism and historical materialism.
First of all, what is decisive in the outlook on life is the correct understanding of human nature and the relationship between man and nature. It is on this basic point that dialectical materialism and historical materialism lay a solid theoretical foundation for the communist outlook on life. Marxist philosophy's views on the nature of the world and man's position in nature enable Marxism to break through the limitations of focusing on human biology and life span when thinking about the meaning of human life. The relationship between humans and nature is different from the relationship between other animals and nature. Human beings occupy a special position in nature because they are creative animals capable of conscious labor. Human creativity makes humans superior to other animals. Only man in the world has created a humanized world for himself and created things that did not originally exist in nature.
Human beings, as natural beings, are not eternal just like other life forms. The meaning of human life lies in its creativity. Human life is very short. If you do all the bad things, the world will think it is too long. If it fully exerts its creative role and contributes to society in its limited life, this life will be glorious and fulfilling. The creative meaning of human life is not limited to the time of birth. Many people were lonely, poor, down and out, even misunderstood, and frequently destroyed during their lives, but they were rediscovered after death and regained their glory. The same is true for many academic works. It could not be published while alive, but became an immortal work after death. This shows that the length of life is not the key to the meaning of human life.
Man is not only a creative animal, but also a social animal. The two are inseparable. Marx said: "The essence of man is not an abstract object inherent in a single person. In its reality, it is the sum of all social relations." ("Selected Works of Marx and Engels" new edition, Volume 1, page 56) This means that, Without society and the mutual relationship between people, it is impossible to explain the meaning and value of life. If we only regard people as isolated individuals, we will inevitably regard human life as a short, temporarily lit candle that will soon turn into ashes. Starting from the social nature of human beings and examining people as members of society, we will see that although human life is short, the society composed of individuals is long-lasting. A person is not a short candle, but a torch composed of human beings. Every generation should burn it brighter. This also changes individual life from temporary to eternal, from finite to infinite. This positive attitude towards life is impossible without a correct understanding of man's position in the world and his social nature.
Secondly, the issue of life and death is the most important and difficult issue in the outlook on life. Dialectical materialist philosophy answers the questions of life and death from two aspects: natural laws and social laws.
As a living individual, human beings are natural entities. Like all life phenomena in the universe, they must have life and death, a beginning and an end. Man's natural lifespan is limited and only once. The pursuit of eternal life, immortality and Buddhahood are all fantasies of religious idealism. The laws of dialectics are the key to understanding life and death. Mao Zedong called death the victory of dialectics.
The understanding of life and death cannot be based solely on natural laws, but must be based on social laws. It's the same as life, some live great, and some live in misery; it's the same death, some die great, and some die useless. The so-called heavier than Mount Tai and lighter than a feather is about the meaning of death. The meaning of death is an important part of the outlook on life. It can be said that the dividing line between a hero and a coward, between one who will be remembered forever and one who will be remembered forever is often determined by the attitude towards death. The ancient Chinese adage that one should not avoid disasters is about integrity and the attitude towards death. The most heroic and touching death is to die for the cause and justice, and to die on the execution ground or on the battlefield. We must not only treat natural death with the understanding of a philosopher and obey the laws of nature, but also treat death dedicated to justice and truth with the spirit of a revolutionary and the courage to regard death as home. The former is a wise man and the latter is a brave man. Wen Tianxiang's famous line "No one has died since ancient times, and his loyal heart will be remembered by history." and martyr Xia Minghan's famous poem "Beheading does not matter, as long as the principle is true." They are the highest state of understanding of death and the ultimate understanding of the meaning of death. , is the combination of the brave and the wise, and is an attitude towards life based on the understanding of natural laws and historical values.