As a form, garden art sketches have already penetrated into garden planning and design, and have begun to attract more and more people's attention. It can not only provide people with a beautiful external environment, but also play a decisive role in improving the artistic atmosphere of the garden.

Garden sketches refer to exquisite structures in the garden that are small in size, simple in function, unique in shape, full of interest, and appropriately sited. For example, a transparent flower window, a set of exquisite partitions, a novel exhibition sign, a smart garden lantern, a uniquely conceived sculpture, a seat for taking a rest, steps by the lake, etc. These sketches are generally It has simple practical functions and decorative artistic features. Due to their small size, they generally do not have internal space for visitors to enter. They have not only technical requirements, but also aesthetic requirements in plastic arts and space combination. Therefore, the shape and meaning in the garden need to be artistically processed, carefully considered, and coordinated with the overall environment of the garden.

1. The role of garden sketches in the garden environment. Although garden sketches are small artistic decorations in the garden, their deep influence, great effect, and strong feelings are indeed better than other scenery. Garden sketches with exquisite design and graceful shapes are like pearls dotted on the earth. They are dazzling and play an important role in improving the life interest of tourists and beautifying the environment. They have become the finishing touch that the majority of tourists love to see. For example, through the doorway of Shanghai Dongfeng Park, a graceful flute-playing female sculpture appears behind, providing visitors with a moving three-dimensional painting that strongly attracts people's attention and naturally guides visitors into the park. Whether it is a fan window, a door opening in a landscape wall, or a hole in a ceiling garden, although they are all garden sketches, they play an important role in the artistic conception of gardening. It can be said that the status of garden sketches is like a person's limbs and facial features. Let the trunk of the garden show its infinite vitality, personality and beauty. To sum up, the role of garden sketches in gardens generally includes the following three aspects:

1.1 Group landscape garden sketches in garden space, in addition to having their own functions, the more important role is to integrate the external world into the garden space. The scenery is organized to form an invisible bond in the garden space, guiding people from one space to another, and playing the role of guiding and organizing the composition of the space picture; it can form a perfect scenery from different angles, which is poetic and picturesque. Garden sketches also play the role of separating and connecting spaces, adding changes and clear signs to spaces with different scenery. For example, the sculptures at the main entrance of the Shanghai Martyrs Cemetery block visitors' sight, thereby dividing and organizing the space, allowing visitors to enter the park to achieve the artistic realm of "a dark willow and a bright flower". The framed view of Stalin Park in Harbin and the sculpture barrier of Shanghai Martyrs Park

1.2 As a work of art, ornamental garden sketches have aesthetic value in themselves. Due to their characteristics of color, texture, texture, scale and shape, and their success, The layout itself is a scene in the garden environment. The "Three Pools Reflecting the Moon" in West Lake in Hangzhou is a traditional stone lantern in a water garden that "floats" on the water surface. Every night, when the moon is bright, a beautiful scene of lights and moon competing for glory appears on the lake. The use of garden sketches to process the beauty of spatial form is an important means to improve the value of garden art. A group of figure sculptures placed in an artificial mountain pool in the courtyard of Beijing's Grand View Garden refreshes the artistic interest of the garden. Landscape of the Three Pools Reflecting the Moon in West Lake Beijing Grand View Garden Figure Sculpture Sketch It can be seen that using the decorative nature of sketches can improve the ornamental value of other garden elements, meet people's aesthetic requirements, and give people artistic enjoyment and beauty.

1.3 Rendering the atmosphere. In addition to landscape composition and ornamental functions, garden sketches also transform sketches with obvious functions such as tables, stools, floors, steps, signs, and lamps into art and scenery. A group of resting benches or a signboard, if designed novelly, handled appropriately, and made into a form with a certain artistic appeal, will leave a deep impression on people and make the garden environment more appealing. As shown in the picture, there are two sets of benches by the water. The natural stone benches on the left are quiet, peaceful and form a Chinese natural landscape painting; the benches with artistic patterns engraved on the bench on the right are unique, novel, interesting and welcoming. Sitting by the water makes you have a wide view and feel relaxed. Therefore, the combination of uniquely conceived garden sketches and the environment will produce different artistic effects, making the environment pleasant and more infectious. Stone tables and stools on the shore of Pinghu Qiuyue Scenic Spot

2. The types of garden sketches are based on the endless creative ideas of artists. Modern garden sketches include a wide range of contents, and the categories of each book are different. Now Garden sketches are divided into the following three categories according to function and shape:

2.1 Garden architectural sketches Garden architectural sketches refer to the functions of rest, lighting, display, tour guide, decoration, service and management in the garden Small building facilities with other functions. Generally include: garden chairs, railings, garden exhibition signs, garden walls and window openings, garden lights, bottle decorations, trash cans, drinking fountains, hand washing bowls, sundials, bird baths, etc.

2.2 Garden sculpture sketches Sculpture generally refers to shaped and carved object images, and has a certain three-dimensional space and observability. In terms of type, it is divided into two categories: round sculpture and relief sculpture. Garden sculpture sketches mainly refer to ornamental outdoor sketch sculptures.

Sculpture is a kind of plastic art with strong appeal. Garden sketch sculptures come from life, but often give people more perfect appreciation and play than life itself. It beautifies people's hearts, cultivates people's sentiments, and gives gardens a bright and vivid theme, unique spiritual connotation and artistic charm. In the art of gardening, both at home and abroad, almost all have successfully integrated the achievements of sculpture art. In traditional Chinese gardens, although the configurations of stone fish, stone turtles, bronze bulls and bronze cranes are exaggerated by superstitious colors, most of them have appreciation value and help to improve the artistic interest of the garden environment. Almost all foreign classical gardens contain sculptures. Although the arrangement is relatively solemn and rigorous, the artistic sentiment of the gardens is very rich. Chinese classical garden sculpture sketches Foreign garden sculpture sketches The use of sculpture art in modern gardens to enrich the artistic conception of gardening is increasingly adopted by gardeners. The themes of the sculpture sketches are eclectic, the shapes can be large or small, the images depicted can be natural or abstract, and the themes expressed can be serious or romantic, depending on the nature, environment and conditions of the garden landscaping. Common garden sculptures fall into the following four categories:

2.2.1 Figure sculptures Figure sculptures generally use some commemorative figures and interesting figures as their themes. Figure sculptures generally have historical significance or vivid images, which not only give the environment a distinct theme but also add vitality to the environment. Xianyang China Plaza's "Eternal Magnificence" Sculpture Upside Down Golden Hook

2.2.2 Animal Sculptures Humans and animals have always had multi-faceted emotions, and artists have created many animal images from this. For example, the white swan that symbolizes pure love, the kind and lovely sika deer, and the smart and lively sea lion are all popular themes for people to create. It can be seen that animal sculptures make the environment more peaceful, natural and vivid, and enrich the artistic interest of the garden.

2.2.3 Abstract sculptures Abstract sculptures have profound and incomprehensible meanings. Visitors are happy to admire and ponder them, and the titles can be interesting to follow and reflect on. As for non-titled sculptures, the true meaning of abstraction is to be able to "look like nothing".

2.2.4 Ice and snow sculptures Due to the particularity of their materials, ice and snow sculptures are subject to regional and environmental restrictions. It has become a major feature of winter gardens in Northeast China and Xinjiang. The crystal-clear ice and snow sculptures are like jade and jade, and they are ingenious.

2.3 Garden Stone Appreciation Sketch my country’s gardens have always used stone as an important landscaping material, with various shapes, meaningful meanings, and breathtaking views. Chinese people appreciate "stones" as unusual stones that are not only strange but also ugly. For example, Liu Xi said in "Art Summary": "The beauty of strange rocks is ugly. If they are extremely ugly, they are extremely beautiful. The word "ugly" is not exhaustive." The so-called ugliness of stone is not the evil content, but the breakthrough of the law of formal beauty. It is true, simple and natural. It is true that elegance can be seen in ugliness, beauty can be seen in ugliness, heroism can be seen in ugliness, and extraordinary can be seen only by being refined. This is how beauty can be seen in ugliness. The dialectical relationship of beauty. Chinese people appreciate stones with richer connotations than Westerners appreciate abstract sculptures. They are not just similar in shape but similar in spirit, and appreciate their various forms of interest and beauty. As the saying goes, "A garden can be without mountains, but it cannot be without stones." Therefore, in the garden environment, the artistic status of stones is obvious and immeasurable. It can be seen that garden sketches express the vitality of life, the beauty of youth, the nobility of love, etc. in the garden environment with their highly decorative and interesting shapes. Its strong flavor of life inspires people's love and love for a better life. Yearning for the future.

3. The relationship between sketch design and environment in the garden environment. Garden sketches are part of many physical units that constitute the garden environment, and the garden environment is the broad background space of the garden sketches. Excellent garden sketches can set off a beautiful garden space. Any small garden sketch will affect the overall effect of the entire garden environment. Therefore, the relationship between garden sketch design and the environment is inseparable and closely related. Here we discuss the relationship between garden sketch design and the environment from the following five aspects.

3.1 Concept and layout The so-called "intention comes first" is a famous saying summed up by the ancients from the artistic creation of calligraphy and painting. I think it is also completely applicable to the design and creation of garden sketches. There is no intention in the composition of the scene, and the composition will be a collection of empty forms. The idea must have a high ideological level, and it must be innovative and unconventional. Any simple imitation will weaken its appeal. In the creation of artistic conception, the highest state of garden sketches is to embody emotions in the scenery, touch the scenery and create emotions, and blend the scenes. With the idea in mind, the layout of the garden sketch will be a question worth exploring. Whether it is used for spotting or grouping scenes, the spatial layout should be clear and the key points should be clear; the positions should be responsive to each other, and the distance should not be equal. The decoration and background selection of garden sketches must be coordinated with the terrain, architecture, plants, and water bodies. In addition, the direction of the flow of people and the openness and closure of the space are all important factors to consider. For example, the ethereal, quiet, and peaceful atmosphere shown in the picture is very consistent with the "poetic and picturesque" pursued by Chinese gardens; and the cheerful, optimistic, and upward atmosphere shown by the "flying swan" is consistent with the Beijing Botanical Garden. The lively scene of a large number of tourist activities is very suitable. Figure sculptures in traditional Chinese gardens. The swan sculpture in the Beijing Botanical Garden is inlaid with cloud flakes on the wall, like floating clouds in the sky. Planting plants on the stone adds more vitality. This technique is better than the relief carving and is truly unique.

If the setting of garden sketches does not consider the conditions, does not distinguish the objects, and is not coordinated with the environment, it will be difficult to exert its artistic appeal. As shown in the picture on the right, the gorgeously colored trash cans are inconsistent with the natural environment of rocks and sparse forests. It is like superfluous, which affects the overall artistic effect.

3.2 Proportion and scale British esthetician Shaftesbury said: "Everything beautiful is harmonious and proportional." In short, beautiful things must be "just right". Functional, aesthetic and environmental characteristics are the basis for determining the scale of garden sketches. The correct scale should be consistent with the functional and aesthetic requirements, and coordinated with the environment. Garden sketches are places for people to rest, illuminate, play and enjoy. They should generally have a lively, interesting and memorable artistic atmosphere, so the scale must be friendly and pleasant. For example, the sculpture of Camel Xiangzi on Wangfujing Street in Beijing is well-proportioned, making it friendly and interesting when placed on the street. The sculptures of figures on the water are vivid and well-proportioned, creating an eye-catching picture of a Jiangnan water town. It is difficult to set an absolute standard for whether the scale of garden sketches is correct. Different artistic conceptions require different senses of scale. Whether garden sketches are beautiful or not is closely related to their shape proportions and their relationship with the environment, and is also affected by people's subjective aesthetic requirements. What proportion is appropriate in a garden depends on the need to coordinate with the environment. For example, the picture on the left is a computer rendering in which the seats are out of proportion and drawn too wide, making the central garden appear small by comparison. The sculpture on the right with the sky as the background, because of its simple background, makes the image more prominent and shows its solemnity, greatness or tranquility and beauty. Therefore, in sketch design, it is not necessary to imitate and plagiarize the proportions and styles of ordinary sketches, but to be innovative. If you can create proportions with appropriate connotation and charm and achieve similar effects, it will be unique.

3.3 Color and texture The processing of color and texture is closely related to the artistic appeal of the garden space. Colors have differences in warmth and coldness, as well as shades. The feelings and associations of colors, as well as their symbolic functions, can give people a variety of different feelings. Texture is expressed in two aspects: the texture and texture of the scenery's appearance. The texture can be divided into straight and curved, wide and narrow, and deep and shallow; the texture can be divided into thickness, hardness, softness, and looming. Although texture is not as good as color in giving people a variety of emotional associations and symbols, texture can enhance certain emotional atmospheres. The acquisition of simplicity, liveliness, femininity, lightness, etc. has a lot to do with texture processing. In short, color and texture are dual attributes in the performance of garden sketch materials. The two complement each other and coexist. As long as you are good at discovering the characteristics of color and texture of various materials, and use them to organize rhythm, rhythm, contrast, Balance and other compositional changes may produce extraordinary artistic effects and enhance its artistic appeal. The wooden brown and gray color of the fruit peel box harmonizes with the environment. The color composition of the sculpture is consistent with the background building and is full of local characteristics. The color and texture are unified and coordinated, giving it a unique flavor. Sketch of Wooden Washing Bowl Sculpture "Universe"

3.4 Diversity and Unity Diderot, the French bourgeois enlightenment thinker in the 18th century, put forward the famous argument that beauty lies in "relationships". The law of diversity and unity is the most general and essential principle for handling composition in all art fields, and garden composition is no exception. The design of garden sketches should be unified with the overall artistic style, unified but not monotonous, rich but not messy. In other words, the greatest art is to turn the most complex changes into the highest degree of unity. No garden sketch exists in isolation, but is intricately and inextricably linked. The design of the sketch should not only be varied and have its own style, but also be unified with the overall environment. In different environments, the forms of sketches are different. The composition is processed according to the function, nature and landscape requirements. The design of sketches should be based on reasonable layout and design concepts based on local conditions and circumstances. This is the prerequisite for realizing diversity and unity. There are primary and secondary sketches in the garden environment. The main landscapes such as sculptures and solitary rocks must have clear themes and eye-catching features in the design, while trash can railings and other features must be naturally unified with the environment and must not be too prominent. It can be seen that garden sketches must have clear priorities, complement each other, and only exist in the garden environment. In addition, the correct use of garden composition techniques such as harmony and contrast can achieve "unity in diversity". Stone tables and benches are placed in the cave, just like immortals reciting poems and playing chess. The white spherical garden lamps, cylindrical flower ponds and arcs make the environment more ethereal and quiet, and there are also a few benches, which are cleverly combined and coordinated. Divide the charm.

3.5 Function and Technology Most garden sketches have practical significance. Therefore, in addition to the requirements of artistic appearance, they should also meet the requirements of practical function and technology. For example, the railings in the garden have various purposes, so there are different requirements for the height of various railings; another example is a garden bench, which must meet the size requirements for visitors to sit and rest; another example is that as a garden boundary, the garden The wall should determine its height and other technical requirements from the perspective of enclosure. Modern gardens emphasize "people-oriented". In the design of garden sketches, attention should be paid to not only meeting the decorative requirements, but also meeting the technical and functional requirements. Many street green spaces have railings set up to protect the green spaces. These railings are often damaged by people sitting on them to rest when they are tired from walking. You might as well set it up as a combination of railings and benches, which not only meets the aesthetic requirements, but also meets the functional requirements.

The combination of railings and chairs and stools. The combination of interpretation stones and solitary ornamental stones. The combination of sculptures and chairs and stools has strong affinity. It not only meets the functional requirements, but also has a decorative effect. The ingenious combination of garden lamp and bench is beautiful, economical and practical.

4. Summary Garden sketches have a long history, and the scenery is small but full of fun. In summary, the relationship between garden sketch design and the environment is multifaceted. To put it more simply, if the environment is compared to a soup, then the sketch is the salt in the soup. The design of garden sketches is the product of a combination of function, technology and art, and must comply with the principles of practicality, solidity, economy and beauty.

4.1 The functions and forms of garden sketches in the garden environment are diverse, forming a feature of great flexibility in design. It can be said that there are no rules to follow, and "the garden has no structure." In terms of size and form selection of the design, whether it is chairs, stools or sculptures, there is no rigidity. Therefore, in the field of modern art, the artist's creative space is unlimited. The sketch design should develop in the direction of science, art and individuality, and avoid copying and similarity.

4.2 In the combination of space, special attention should be paid to the organization and utilization of space, and the environment and sketches should be cleverly arranged into an organic whole. There are various means of organizing garden space. The layout of the sketches must be combined with the architectural construction, mountain building, water management, and plant configuration. They are not isolated from each other and must work closely together to form a beautiful landscape effect. Not only that, in our traditional gardens, in order to create a spatial environment rich in artistic conception, special attention is paid to the use of natural landscapes. Garden sketches are embellished with architectural flowers, trees, water and stones, and combined with dynamic scenery elements such as the sound of water, howling wind, birdsong, fragrance of flowers, etc., to produce wonderful artistic effects. The "Gestalt" theory in psychology holds that "phenomenal experience is a single entity." The environment, an object that tourists can perceive, is composed of many physical units. This overall phenomenon is inseparable from each unit, so only by making every small part beautiful can there be overall beauty. Therefore, garden sketches must be carefully artistically processed in order to be original and unique and play a finishing touch in the environment.

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