1710165438+1On October 20th, at the instigation of King Carl XII of Sweden and with the diplomatic support of Austria and France, Turkey declared war on Russia. This makes Russia face a severe situation, because the war between Russia and Sweden continues. However, when the Russian military high command formulated the strategic plan for the war, it took into account the situation in Turkey's European territory: the people of Balkan countries under the yoke of Turkey had already pinned their hopes for liberation on Russia's victory in the war against Turkey; Serbian leaders, Moldavians, Kandemir and Varakia announced that Rankovan kept in touch with Russia. Therefore, the Russian high command predicted that the residents who revolted against the Turks in the Turkish-ruled areas would support the Russian army and provide food for it, so they decided to carry out an offensive war. The strategic plan of the Russian high command stipulates that the Russian army must reach the Danube before the Turks and occupy the ferry. This task was carried out by Sheremiev's cavalry.
However, after the cavalry crossed the Dniester River from May 27 to 30, Selemiev learned that the huge Turkish army had arrived near the Danube and led his troops back to Yaxi. The main Russian troops failed to assemble on the banks of the Dniester River in Soroki region within the time limit stipulated by Peter I, and arrived one after another as late as June 18~20. As a result, Prime Minister balta Zhi? The Turkish army led by Pasha crossed the Danube near Issachar on June1718, and joined the Devlet-Gilead army of Clim Khan on the left bank of the Prut River. After Peter I arrived in Yaxi, he sent general Lenny's cavalry troops to capture Brailov on June 30th, and led the main force to advance along the right bank of the Prut River, and arrived in Stanilesht on July 7th. When the Russian vanguard led by General Eber Stedt hesitated, the Turks crossed the Prut River near Farich, forcing the Russian vanguard to retreat.
On July 8, the Russian army repelled the attack of the Turkish Tatar army in the south of Stanilesht, and then retreated to the barracks near the Novo Stanilesht area. On July 9, Turkish Tatar cavalry and elite soldiers of the Turkish Empire surrounded the barracks and launched an attack, but failed to capture them and retreated in a panic. This time, the Turkish army lost 8,000 people and the Russian army lost 3,000 people. However, the Turkish Tatar army still has an advantage in number. The serious shortage of food supply made the Russian army in a very critical situation, but the failure of the Turkish army's attack also greatly weakened its combat effectiveness. In this situation, the Prime Minister agreed to hold peace talks, and as a result, the two sides reached an agreement. 17 1 1 The Prut Peace Treaty was signed on July 23rd. According to the peace treaty, Russia returned the Azov Sea to Turkey; Demolition of Taganrog, Vogorodchik, Kameni River bend and other fortresses. Turkey promised to expel Carl XII from the country; This does not prevent Russian troops from withdrawing to their own country.
The reasons for the failure of Russian troops marching on the Prut River are: underestimating the difficulty of troops marching long distances in unfamiliar terrain and hot climate; The linear battle formation of Peter I's army is limited in the battle against the enemy with superior forces; In addition, the troops are in short supply of food and ammunition.