It can be seen that behaviorism believes that individual psychological development is the result of environmental influence or shaping, and what kind of environment has what kind of psychology and behavior. This is also an inheritance of the "environmental determinism" that began to sprout in ancient Greece. In ancient Greece, many thinkers began to pay attention to the relationship between man and climate. Hippocrates, Plato, Aristotle and others all believe that human character and wisdom are determined by climate. In the17th century, Locke, a famous British thinker, philosopher and founder of British empiricism, has begun to abandon Descartes' theory of natural concept and put forward the "whiteboard theory", which holds that the human mind is like a blank sheet of paper from the beginning, and it is experience (that is, his so-called concept) that provides its spiritual content. /kloc-Montesquieu, a French enlightenment thinker in the 0/8th century, accepted the thoughts of ancient Greek scholars on the relationship between man and climate in the Spirit of Law (1748). Under the guidance of the view that the power of climate is the highest power in the world, Montesquieu proposed to amend the law according to the climate to make it conform to the human character caused by the climate. Later, in the19th century, almost no one noticed the role of human beings in changing the face of the earth. Influenced by Darwin's theory of evolution, environmental determinism gained an advantage.
However, after entering the 20th century, people gradually realized that in the relationship between man and the environment, man is active and the agent of environmental change. However, the debate between environmental determinism and the theory of man-land relationship has continued until now, during which many psychologists still emphasized the role of environment, from Freud, who emphasized the influence of childhood sexual experiences on personality in the early 20th century, to Watson and Skinner, the behaviorists, and to Bandura, the pioneer of social learning theory. They all emphasize the influence of the environment, which has its reasonable side, but they all exaggerate the role of the environment and ignore people's subjective initiative.
Although there are many branches of psychology now, no matter which school, they dare not ignore the important role of environment in the establishment of acquired behavior, the development of intelligence and the formation of sound personality. Macara, a wolf child who lived in wolves since childhood and was raised by wolves, had to behave like a wolf to survive because of the influence of living environment, including material environment (forest) and biological environment (wolf). It is conceivable that his daily life is different from ordinary people. He sleeps during the day and goes out at night, and three meals a day are irregular. In the critical period of human intellectual development, his intellectual development was carried out at a straight line and high speed before he was ten years old, while his language development was usually basically completed within four years old. Wolves live almost as long as dogs, about 13 years, and they can hunt by themselves when they are over one year old. Although wolves are social animals with strong family values, the mother wolf's care for individuals will not last for a year at the longest. For humans living in such an environment, they have to face the pressure from nature alone at the age of 2-3. As you can imagine, because of the lack of nutrition supply, wolf children can't develop normally, which has caused irreversible damage to their intellectual development. Mental retardation directly leads to the inability to have advanced human thinking ability and behavior ability. How to talk about habit and reason? Therefore, he became a wolf child. Although he has 46 human chromosomes, due to the lack of imitators in the environment, malnutrition, changes in work and rest habits, and the failure of gene expression on many chromosomes, he has become a non-human and non-wolf creature and cannot live a normal life like human beings.